RESUMO
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. A total of 95 V. parahaemolyticus isolates belonging to 23 different serovars were identified in a case-control study of expatriates and Thai adults from 2001 to 2002 in Thailand. Fifty-two per cent of isolates (49/95) were resistant to ampicillin and sulfisoxazole, but all isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, two antibiotics commonly used to treat traveller's diarrhoea. All isolates were positive for the species-specific toxR gene, and 91 and 5 were positive for the thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related (trh) gene, respectively. Sixty-five isolates were assigned to the pandemic group of V. parahaemolyticus by a group-specific PCR and the presence of the orf8 gene. The pandemic isolates belonged to three recognized serovars (O3 : K6, O1 : K25, O1 : KUT) and a new serovar, O3 : K46. This new serovar harboured pandemic traits. PFGE analysis revealed that all pandemic isolates including serovar O3 : K46 were closely related and clearly distinct from the non-pandemic isolates. In summary, three well-known serovars of pandemic V. parahaemolyticus isolates were identified as a major cause of diarrhoea in Thailand and a new V. parahaemolyticus isolate, serovar O3 : K46, with pandemic traits was detected.
Assuntos
Diarreia/microbiologia , Sorotipagem , Vibrioses/microbiologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/classificação , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Antígenos de Superfície/análise , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Impressões Digitais de DNA , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Emigração e Imigração , Proteínas Hemolisinas/genética , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Epidemiologia Molecular , Antígenos O/análise , Fenótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Tailândia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Vibrioses/epidemiologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/efeitos dos fármacos , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/genéticaRESUMO
Three hundred thirty-six stool samples from October 2001 through October 2002 were analyzed for the presence of intestinal parasites. Fifty-six of these (16.7%) were positive for a total of 66 parasites; 65/66 (98.5%) were detected by iodine and dimethyl sulfoxide-modified acid-fast (DMSO-mAFB) stained smears of fresh and formalin-ethylacetate sedimentation concentrated samples. Saline, iodine, and DMSO-mAFB stained smears of fresh stool samples alone detected significantly fewer parasites, finding only 50/66 (75.8%) (p < 0.05). Stool samples analyzed by trichrome stained specimens preserved in Zinc sulfate polyvinyl alcohol (Zinc PVA) detected only 41/ 66 (62.2%) of the parasites. In our study population, it was necessary to perform the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard (NCCLS) recommended to accurately detect intestinal parasites. The concentration technique is simple and significantly increased the detection of intestinal parasites.