[Summary PAPPS Childhood and Adolescence 2022]. / Resumen PAPPS Infancia y Adolescencia 2022.

Two important topics about children and adolescents in our primary care activity are presented in this update document: tobacco smoking prevention in adolescence and prophylaxis with vitamin K to prevent the hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.

[Childhood and adolescence PAPPS summary 2020]. / RESUMEN PAPPS Infancia y Adolescencia 2020.

Four important topics about children and adolescents in our Primary Care activity are presented in this update document: support for breastfeeding, promotion of physical activity, prevention of child injuries due to traffic accidents, and screening for major depression.

What gypsy mothers say about breastfeeding.

OBJECTIVE: To know and deepen in the evaluation, and experience of gypsy women with breastfeeding. METHOD: Qualitative study with an interpretative phenomenological approach, through a focus group with the participation of six mothers of gypsy ethnicity, users of the Fuente de San Luis Health Center in the city of Valencia. RESULTS: The barriers described by these mothers regarding breastfeeding refer to a lack of family support, an association of breastfeeding to sacrifice and to the dependence of the baby to the breast. From the accounts of these mothers it is perceived, a disinterest in breastfeeding and a lack of confidence in their own bilogy, which together with a low participation in maternal education activities, have meant the barriers that have mostly limited and largely hindered breastfeeding in this group of mothers. CONCLUSIONS: It would be desirable to implement improvement actions that would pay more attention to promote, protect and support breastfeeding in this group.

[Influence of the month of birth on the demand for healthcare to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Results of a retrospective study conducted in a neuropaediatric clinic]. / Influencia del mes de nacimiento en la demanda asistencial por trastorno por deficit de atencion/hiperactividad. Resultados de un estudio retrospectivo realizado en una consulta de neuropediatria.

INTRODUCTION: There is an increase in the child neurology attention and, specially in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It's been proposed that the birth date affects the diagnosis of ADHD, so the youngest children more susceptible of being diagnosed. AIMS: To analyse if there is a relationship between the birth date and the suspicion of ADHD, and to investigate the health demand of child neurology and its evolution regarding diagnostic categories. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of patients been attended in a child neurology clinic between 1992 and 2012. Different diagnostic groups were compared considering epidemiologic variables and trimester and semester of birth to determine whether exists a seasonal pattern. RESULTS: 3469 patients were included, 58.5% were male with a median age of 6 years old. The first reason of consultation was the headache, and the ADHD has experienced an increase of 350% in the last 10 years of the study. 61.6% of patients with ADHD suspicion were born in the second semester of the year. The difference was higher for girls. This pattern was not observed in other neurologic diseases when a comparative analysis was done. CONCLUSIONS: There is an increase of child neurologic demand within the last years, mainly of ADHD patients. Children born in the last semester of the year have a higher risk of being sent to a neurology clinic for evaluation.

TITLE: Influencia del mes de nacimiento en la demanda asistencial por trastorno por deficit de atencion/hiperactividad. Resultados de un estudio retrospectivo realizado en una consulta de neuropediatria.Introduccion. Las consultas de neuropediatria se han incrementado en los ultimos años, especialmente por trastorno por deficit de atencion/hiperactividad (TDAH). Se postula que los niños mas jovenes del curso tienen mas riesgo de ser diagnosticados de TDAH. Objetivos. Analizar la demanda asistencial de neuropediatria, comparar su evolucion por grupos diagnosticos y determinar si existe una relacion entre la fecha de nacimiento de los pacientes y la sospecha de TDAH. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes remitidos a neuropediatria entre 1992 y 2012. Se compararon las distintas categorias diagnosticas segun variables epidemiologicas y se exploro si existia un factor relativo a la edad. Resultados. Se incluyeron 3.469 pacientes, un 58,5% varones, con una mediana de edad de 6 años. El principal motivo de consulta fue la cefalea, y todos los grupos diagnosticos sufrieron un incremento de las consultas. El TDAH experimento un aumento del 350% en los ultimos 10 años. El 61,6% de los niños con sospecha de TDAH nacio en el segundo semestre del año, y la diferencia es mas notable en las niñas. Se objetiva un incremento de sospecha de TDAH en los niños nacidos antes de la fecha de corte del curso escolar que no aparece en ninguna de las otras patologias en el analisis comparativo. Conclusiones. Existe un incremento de la demanda asistencial de neuropediatria en los ultimos años, principalmente por TDAH. Los niños nacidos el ultimo semestre del año tienen un riesgo mayor de ser remitidos por sospecha de esta enfermedad.

[Child health]. / La salud en la infancia.

Children in Spain are considered as being a population group with few health problems and needs therefore making it almost invisible in research and services' planning. Generally, it is not taken into account that this is a development period with very high vulnerability to physical and psychosocial risks whereas there is a positive response to protective factors. This article covers some data and thoughts on their health problems that are improving (mortality, cancer), those that persist or worsen (environmental quality, abuse, mental health, obesity, disabilities and lifestyles) and new challenges relating to quality of life and gender and social class equity. Responses provided by the health services are reviewed, as are environmental policies and health promotion and specific care is proposed for boys' and girls' health from a children's human rights-focused perspective.