The Brazilian Family Health Program and secondary stroke and myocardial infarction prevention: a 6-year cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: We compared the incidence of recurrent or fatal cardiovascular disease in patients using Brazil's government-run Family Health Program (FHP) with those using non-FHP models of care. METHODS: From 2005 to 2010, we followed outpatients discharged from city public hospitals after a first ever stroke for stroke recurrence and myocardial infarction, using data from all city hospitals, death certificates, and outpatient monitoring in state-run and private units. RESULTS: In the follow-up period, 103 patients in the FHP units and 138 in the non-FHP units had exclusively state-run care. Stroke or myocardial infarction occurred in 30.1% of patients in the FHP group and 36.2% of patients in non-FHP care (rate ratio [RR] = 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61, 1.18; P = .39); 37.9% of patients in FHP care and 54.3% in non-FHP care (RR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.50, 0.92; P = .01) died. FHP use was associated with lower hazard of death from all causes (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58; P = .005) after adjusting for age and stroke severity. The absolute risk reduction for death by all causes was 16.4%. CONCLUSIONS: FHP care is more effective than is non-FHP care at preventing death from secondary stroke and myocardial infarction.

Long follow-up of patients with gastric band.

BACKGROUND: The adjustable gastric band laparoscopic technique is safe, reversible and potentially effective alternative to gastric bypass Y-deRoux. However, it has a high rate of reoperation and unsatisfactory weight loss. OBJECTIVE: To present a cases series with the use of gastric banding in long term follow-up analyzing the withdrawal rate, its causes and the surgical conversions performed METHODS: Retrospective study based on the analysis of 19 patients who underwent the procedure between November 1999 and November 2002, and reviewed with clinical follow-up until late February 2011. The patients were analyzed in the following aspects: gender, age, preoperative weight, preoperative BMI, duration of follow-up, reasons for removal of the gastric band, need for conversion to another type of surgery and failure rate of surgical method. RESULTS: Nineteen patients underwent the procedure, four women and 15 men. The mean preoperative BMI was 41.95 kg/m² (36-54). The band was withdrawn in 13 patients (68.42%), including seven by erosion, four for unsatisfactory weight loss and two for gastroesophageal reflux. The gastric bypass was conducted in ten patients and Scopinaro operation in one. Two patients had not been reoperated till nowadays and four were lost in late follow-up. CONCLUSION: The gastric band is technically unsatisfactory in long-term evaluation, have high withdrawal rate due to migration or unsatisfactory weight loss.

Postoperative mortality in inflammatory bowel disease patients / Mortalidade em portadores de doença inflamatória intestinal submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico

ABSTRACT Introduction: Since the 1960s, mortality in Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis patients had a significant decrease due to advances in medical and surgical therapy. An important proportion of these patients are submitted to surgical procedures during their disease course, with postoperative mortality between 4 and 10%. Methods: 157 inflammatory bowel disease patients submitted to surgical therapy were retrospectively identified and allocated in 2 groups (Crohn's and colitis). Deaths were individually discriminated in detail. Results: 281 surgical procedures were performed. In the colitis group, 43 operations were performed in 24 patients; in the abdominal Crohn's subgroup, 127 procedures in 90 patients and in the perineal Crohn's subgroup, 115 in 64 patients, respectively. Nine postoperative deaths were observed (3 in the colitis and 6 in the Crohn's groups). Overall postoperative mortality was 5.7% (4.5% for Crohn's; 6.6% in abdominal Crohn's and 12.5% for Colitis). Most of deaths were related to emergency procedures and previous use of corticosteroids. The cause of death in all patients was sepsis. Conclusions: Overall postoperative mortality in inflammatory bowel disease was 5.7%, and it was attributed to the severity of the cases referred.

RESUMO Introdução: A partir da década de 60, a mortalidade dos portadores de doença de Crohn (DC) e a Retocolite Ulcerativa Inespecífica (RCUI) teve declínio devido a novas terapêuticas clínicas e cirúrgicas. Importante proporção destes pacientes é submetida a procedimentos cirúrgicos no decorrer das suas vidas, com taxas de mortalidade variando entre 4 e 10%. Método: Foram identificados retrospectivamente 157 pacientes portadores de doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), submetidos a operações abdominais ou perineais, divididos em dois grupos (DC e RCUI). Os casos de óbitos foram discriminados e avaliados individualmente, de forma descritiva. Resultados: 281 operações foram realizadas. No grupo RCUI foram realizadas 43 operações em 24 pacientes, no subgrupo DC abdominal, 127 operações em 90 pacientes e no subgrupo DC perineal, 115 em 64 pacientes, respectivamente. Do total de 9 óbitos, 3 ocorreram no grupo RCUI e 6 no DC. A mortalidade geral nas DII foi de 5,7%. Para a DC, 4,5%. No subgrupo de operações abdominais foi de 6,6% e para a RCUI 12,5%. A maior parte dos óbitos estavam relacionados a procedimentos de urgência/emergência, com uso prévio de corticoterapia. A causa mortis em todos os pacientes foi sepse. Conclusões: A taxa de mortalidade cirúrgica nas DII foi de 5,7%, atribuidas pela severidade dos casos.

Seguimento tardio em pacientes com banda gástrica / Long follow-up of patients with gastric band

RACIONAL: A banda gástrica ajustável por via laparoscópica é técnica segura, potencialmente reversível e alternativa eficaz ao by-pass gástrico em Y-de-Roux. Porém, ela tem taxa elevada de reoperação e perda de peso insatisfatória. OBJETIVO: Apresentar uma série de casos com o uso da banda gástrica em seguimento de longo prazo analisando o índice de retirada, suas causas e as conversões cirúrgicas efetuadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo baseado na análise de 19 pacientes submetidos ao procedimento no período de novembro de 1999 a novembro de 2002, e revisados com seguimento clínico tardio até fevereiro de 2011. Os pacientes foram analisados nos seguintes aspectos: sexo, idade, peso pré-operatório, IMC pré-operatório, tempo de seguimento, motivos de retirada da banda gástrica, necessidade de conversão para outra modalidade cirúrgica e índice de falha do método cirúrgico. RESULTADOS: Dezenove pacientes foram submetidos ao procedimento, sendo quatro mulheres e 15 homens. O IMC médio pré-operatório foi de 41,95 kg/m² (36-54). A banda foi retirada em 13 pacientes (68,42%), dos quais sete por erosão, quatro por perda de peso insatisfatório e dois por refluxo gastroesofágico. O bypass gástrico foi realizado em dez pacientes e operação de Scopinaro em um. Duas pacientes ainda não tinham sido reoperadas e quatro perderam o seguimento. CONCLUSÃO: A banda gástrica é técnica insatisfatória a longo prazo, com alto índice de retirada por migração ou por perda de peso insatisfatória.

BACKGROUND: The adjustable gastric band laparoscopic technique is safe, reversible and potentially effective alternative to gastric bypass Y-deRoux. However, it has a high rate of reoperation and unsatisfactory weight loss. OBJECTIVE: To present a cases series with the use of gastric banding in long term follow-up analyzing the withdrawal rate, its causes and the surgical conversions performed METHODS: Retrospective study based on the analysis of 19 patients who underwent the procedure between November 1999 and November 2002, and reviewed with clinical follow-up until late February 2011. The patients were analyzed in the following aspects: gender, age, preoperative weight, preoperative BMI, duration of follow-up, reasons for removal of the gastric band, need for conversion to another type of surgery and failure rate of surgical method. RESULTS: Nineteen patients underwent the procedure, four women and 15 men. The mean preoperative BMI was 41.95 kg/m² (36-54). The band was withdrawn in 13 patients (68.42%), including seven by erosion, four for unsatisfactory weight loss and two for gastroesophageal reflux. The gastric bypass was conducted in ten patients and Scopinaro operation in one. Two patients had not been reoperated till nowadays and four were lost in late follow-up. CONCLUSION: The gastric band is technically unsatisfactory in long-term evaluation, have high withdrawal rate due to migration or unsatisfactory weight loss.