Correction to: Contribution of cryopreservation to the cumulative live birth rate: a large multicentric cycle-based data analysis from the Italian National Registry.

The original article unfortunately contained a mistake. The names of the collaborators were captured as authors of the article.

Contribution of cryopreservation to the cumulative live birth rate: a large multicentric cycle-based data analysis from the Italian National Registry.

PURPOSE: To estimate the contribution of cryopreservation to the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) after law modification in Italy in the era of vitrification and freeze-all. METHODS: The Italian National Registry performed a cycle-based data collection. Nine Italian IVF clinics were involved incorporating a total of 10,260 fresh cycles performed between January 2015 and April 2016 resulting in 9273 oocyte retrievals and 3266 subsequent warming cycles from the same oocyte retrievals performed up to December 2016. Mean female age was 37 ± 4.3 years. Primary outcome measure was CLBR per oocyte retrieval. Confounding factors were tested in multivariate regression analysis, and the relative impact of cryopreservation to the CLBR in different patient categories was calculated. RESULTS: CLBR per oocyte retrieval was 32.6%, 26.5%, 18.7%, 13.0%, and 5.5% for women younger than 36, aged 36-39, 40-41, and older than 41 years, respectively. The total relative contribution of oocyte/embryo cryopreservation was 40.6% (95% CI 38.41-42.75). An association between maternal age, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, cryopreservation, and cumulative live birth was shown. When adjusted for confounders, a 2.3-fold increase was observed in the chance of live birth when cryopreservation was performed (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.99-2.56). In high responder patients (> 15 oocytes retrieved) where freeze-all was applied in 67.6% of cycles to avoid the risk of hyper stimulation syndrome, the relative contribution of vitrification to the CLBR was 80.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Cryopreservation is essential in IVF and should always be available to patients to optimize success rates. Multicentric, cycle-based data analyses are crucial to provide infertile couples, clinicians, and regulatory bodies with accurate information on IVF effectiveness including fresh and cryopreserved cycles.

Meta-analysis of microsatellite instability in relation to clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Several associations between microsatellite instability (MSI) and other clinicopathological factors have been reported in gastric cancer, but the results have been ambiguous. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the relationship between MSI and overall survival and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane and Ovid databases until 31 January 2016 was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The articles were screened independently according to PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) eligibility criteria. All eligible articles were evaluated independently by two reviewers for risk of bias according to the Quality In Prognosis Study tool. RESULTS: Overall, 48 studies with a total of 18 612 patients were included. MSI was found in 9·2 per cent of patients (1718 of 18 612), and was associated with female sex (odds ratio (OR) 1·57, 95 per cent c.i. 1·31 to 1·89; P < 0·001), older age (OR 1·58, 2·20 to 1·13; P < 0·001), intestinal Laurén histological type (OR 2·23, 1·94 to 2·57; P < 0·001), mid/lower gastric location (OR 0·38, 0·32 to 0·44; P < 0·001), lack of lymph node metastases (OR 0·70, 0·57 to 0·86, P < 0·001) and TNM stage I-II (OR 1·77, 1·47 to 2·13; P < 0·001). The pooled hazard ratio for overall survival of patients with MSI versus those with non-MSI gastric cancer from 21 studies was 0·69 (95 per cent c.i. 0·56 to 0·86; P < 0·001). CONCLUSION: MSI in gastric cancer was associated with good overall survival, reflected in several favourable clinicopathological tumour characteristics.

Congenital Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis with a Novel CTSD Gene Mutation: A Rare Cause of Neonatal-Onset Neurodegenerative Disorder.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses represent a heterogeneous group of early onset neurodegenerative disorders that are characterized by progressive cognitive and motor function decline, visual loss, and epilepsy. The age of onset has been historically used for the phenotypic classification of this group of disorders, but their molecular genetic delineation has now enabled a better characterization, demonstrating significant genetic heterogeneity even among individuals with a similar phenotype. The rare Congenital Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (CLN10) caused by mutations in the CTSD gene encoding for cathepsin D is associated with a dramatic presentation with onset before or around birth. We report on a female born to consanguineous parents who presented at birth with severe neonatal encephalopathy with massive cerebral and cerebellar shrinking on magnetic resonance imaging. Whole exome sequencing with targeted bioinformatic analysis of a panel of genes associated with prenatal/perinatal onset of neurodegenerative disease was performed and revealed the presence of a novel homozygous in-frame deletion in CTSD. Additional functional studies further confirmed the pathogenic character of this variant and established the diagnosis of CLN10 in the patient.

Risk Perception and Psychological Distress in Genetic Counselling for Hereditary Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer.

Oncological Genetic Counselling (CGO) allows the identification of a genetic component that increases the risk of developing a cancer. Individuals' psychological reactions are influenced by both the content of the received information and the subjective perception of their own risk of becoming ill or being a carrier of a genetic mutation. This study included 120 participants who underwent genetic counselling for breast and/or ovarian cancer. The aim of the study was to examine the relation between their cancer risk perception and the genetic risk during CGO before receiving genetic test results, considering the influence of some psychological variables, in particular distress, anxiety and depression. Participants completed the following tools during a psychological interview: a socio-demographic form, Cancer Risk Perception (CRP) and Genetic Risk Perception (GRP), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Distress Thermometer (DT). The data seem to confirm our hypothesis. Positive and significant correlations were found between the observed variables. Moreover, genetic risk perception determined an increase in depressive symptomatology and cancer risk perception led to an increase in anxious symptomatology, specifically in participants during cancer treatment. The present results suggest the importance of assessing genetic and cancer risk perception in individuals who undergo CGO, to identify those who are at risk of a decrease in psychological well-being and of developing greater psychological distress.

Cortical reorganization in multiple sclerosis after intrathecal baclofen therapy.

Our objective was to assess the role of Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy (ITB) in the cortical reorganization in a patient affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing physical therapy. We reported a case of a woman affected by MS and severe spasticity, who performed an fMRI examination, before and after the ITB implantation. The subject showed controlateral motor cortex activation after motor task. After a month of ITB implantation, patient showed ipsilateral and controlateral motor cortex activation although with a broader extension. fMRI examination supported the hypothesis of a central influence in patients who undergo physiotherapy and therapy with ITB.

The nose and sinus manometry: a bio-physical model applied to functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

The effectiveness of sinus ventilation is due to a regular anatomy of inner nose structures such as the maxillary sinus ostium. With the aid of nose and sinus manometric measurements, it is possible to show that better functional results can be achieved using a conservative surgical technique. The present study compared 30 patients subdivided in two groups. Group A underwent conservative endoscopic sinus surgery whereas group B was operated on using non-conservative endoscopic sinus surgery. Thirty days later, both groups underwent a manometric survey of the maxillary sinus ostium by means of the digital manometry system. The pressure values obtained by nasal and sinus manometry in Group A or Group B patients were referred to those obtained in a Standard Group without nasal-sinus pathologies, calculating a percentage index of functional efficacy (maxillary sinus functional efficacy). The average percentage of the maxillary sinus functional efficacy was 98,35 percent for group-A patients, and 49,73 percent for group-B patients. Student t test revealed a statistical difference only between group B patients and standard group patients (p less than 0.4). Patients submitted to a more aggressive endoscopic approach showed inadequate sinus ventilation when compared to the standard reference group.

Assisted reproductive technologies in Italy, 2005-2007: results from the Italian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the quantitative and qualitative outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies in Italy, from 2005 to 2007, collected by the Italian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register (IARTR). METHODS: We analyzed, retrospectively, 121,708 ART treatments performed by Italian assisted reproductive technologies (ART) centres from 2005 to 2007. RESULTS: In the study period ART Italian centers were reporting data to the IARTR. Number of total cycles (all homologous) reported was 121,708 including 110,074 fresh (FRESH), 8682 frozen/thawed oocytes (FO) and 2952 frozen embryo (FER). Pregnancy rates per cycle with respect to FRESH, FO and FER treatments were 19.1%, 10.2% and 15%, respectively. Delivery rate per cycle with at least one live birth was 10.8%, 5.8% and 8.4%, respectively, per type of procedure. Twin and "triplet or more" birth rate per delivery was 21% and 2.8%; 12% and 0.4%; 14.9% and 0.8%, respectively. During the study period 15923 ART infants were born (0.95% of all newborn in Italy). CONCLUSION: From 2005 to 2007 we registered a strong increase in ART procedures concomitantly with a qualitative improvement leading to increased pregnancy and live birth rates per cycles. Remarkably, pregnancy loss to follow-up decreased drastically during the three years study-period.

Tachykinins amplify the action of capsaicin on central histaminergic neurons.

Substance P (SP), a product of the tachykinin 1 (Tac1) gene, is expressed in many hypothalamic neurons. Its wake-promoting potential could be mediated through histaminergic (HA) neurons of the tuberomamillary nucleus (TMN), where functional expression of neurokinin receptors (NKRs) waits to be characterized. As in the process of nociception in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) capsaicin-receptor (transient potential vanilloid 1: TRPV1) signalling is amplified by local release of histamine and SP, we tested the involvement of tachykinins in the capsaicin-induced long-lasting enhancement (LLEcaps) of HA neurons firing by investigating selective neurokinin receptor ligands in the hypothalamic mouse brain slice preparation using patch-clamp recordings in cell-attached mode combined with single-cell RT-PCR. We report that the majority of HA neurons respond to SP (EC50 3 nM), express the SP precursor tachykinin 1 (Tac1) gene and at least one of the neurokinin receptors. Responses to selective agonists of three known neurokinin receptors were sensitive to corresponding antagonists. LLEcaps was significantly impaired by the neurokinin receptor antagonists, indicating that in hypothalamus, as in the PNS, release of tachykinins downstream to TRPV1 activation is able to boost the release of histamine. The excitatory action of SP on histaminergic neurons adds another pathway to the noradrenergic and orexinergic ones to synergistically enhance cortical arousal. We show NK1R to play a prominent role on HA neurons and thus the control of wakefulness.

Non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide as first-line therapy in elderly women with HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer.

Background: The use of anthracyclines in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is limited by cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity mostly in elderly women with comorbidities. The aim of this observational retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Myocet®) and cyclophosphamide in elderly women as HER2 negative first-line MBC treatment. Methods: 84 elderly women >70 years of age (median age 78 years) with MBC HER2 negative were enrolled. Performance Status in 58 patients was ECOG-0 and in 26 patients was ECOG-1. Results: The drug was well tolerated, with overall response rates were >40%, median overall survival was 16.2 months (95%CI:14.6-18.8) and median progression free survival was 5.8 months (95%CI:4.4-8.6). Hematologic toxicity with neutropenia was the most frequent adverse event, but the treatment was well tolerated maintained a manageable cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: Non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin may represent a valid therapeutic option in first-line for elderly patients with HER/2 negative MBC improving survival, anti-tumor response rate and de-creases cardiotoxicity.

Docetaxel plus prednisone in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer: an Italian clinical experience.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: We investigated the efficacy of docetaxel plus prednisone in Italian patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (mHRPC). METHODS: Twenty four patients with mHRPC received docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks plus prednisone 5 mg twice daily for up to six cycles. The primary endpoint was efficacy measured by a reduction in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and measurable disease. Evaluation of toxicity, quality of life and reduction of pain were secondary endpoints. RESULTS: PSA response was seen in 18 patients (75%). We observed a partial response in 2 patients (8.3%), stable disease in 10 patients (41.7%), and disease progression in 12 patients (50%). Severe neutropenia was reported in 12.5% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with docetaxel every three weeks is an effective and well tolerated therapeutic option in patients with mHRPC.

Measuring and Modelling Nonlinear Elasticity of Ex Vivo Mouse Muscles.

Elastography is a noninvasive imaging technique that provides information on soft tissue stiffness. Young's modulus is typically used to characterize soft tissues' response to the applied force, as soft tissues are often considered linear elastic, isotropic, and quasi-incompressible materials. This approximation is reasonable for small strains, but soft tissues undergo large deformations also for small values of force and exhibit nonlinear elastic behavior. Outside the linear regime, the elastic modulus is dependent on the strain level and is different for any kind of tissue. The aim of this study was to characterize, ex vivo, the mechanical response of two different mice muscles to an external force. A system for transverse force-controlled uniaxial compression enabled obtaining the stress-strain (σ-ε) curve of the samples. The strain-dependent Young's modulus (SYM) model was adopted to reproduce muscle compression behavior and to predict the elastic modulus for large deformations. After that, a recursive linear model was employed to identify the initial linear region of the σ-ε curve. Results showed that both muscle types exhibited a strain hardening effect and that the SYM model provided good fitting of the entire σ-ε curves. The application of the recursive linear model allowed capturing the initial linear region in which the approximation of these tissues as linear elastic materials is reasonable. The residual analysis displayed that even if the SYM model better summarizes the muscle behavior on the entire region, the linear model is more precise when considering only the initial part of the σ-ε curve.

NEPA (netupitant/palonosetron) for the antiemetic prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy (CINV) with Folfirinox and Folfoxiri even during the COVID-19 pandemic: a real-life study.

OBJECTIVE: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the treatment of cancer patients, with particular regard to the management of both chemotherapy and side effects. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are amongst the most troublesome side effects that impair patients' adherence to treatments and their quality of life (QoL). NEPA (Akynzeo®), is an oral fixed-dose combination of netupitant [a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1RA), 300 mg] and palonosetron [(5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin or 5HT) type3 receptor antagonist (5HT3RA), 0.5 mg] which has been shown to be effective in preventing CINV. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study started before the outbreak of COVID-19 and was carried out during the pandemic period. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose NEPA plus 12 mg of dexamethasone (DEX) in patients treated with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab and Folfirinox. The patients were diagnosed with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) or advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). They were divided into two groups: naïve patients and patients previously treated with serotonin receptor antagonists (5HT3-RA) and neurokin-1 receptor antagonists (NK1-RA). RESULTS: During the overall phase, the complete response (CR) rate was 96.8% in naïve patients treated with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab, and 94.6% in patients treated with Folfirinox. During the acute and delayed phases, the CR rate was 92.8% and 94.2%, with Folfoxiri and Bevacizumab, as well as 96.2% and 94.6%, with Folfirinox. There was no adequate control of CINV events in patients on antiemetic prophylaxis with 5HT3-RA or NK1-RA associated with cortisone. During the overall phase, the CR rate was 74.6% with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab and 75.8% with Folfirinox. During the acute and delayed phases, the CR rate was 72.5% and 74.8% with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab, as well as 75.2% and 74.6% with Folfirinox. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown the therapeutic benefits of NEPA in the management and prophylaxis of CINV events, both in naive patients and patients previously treated with 5HT3-RA and NK1-RA. In addition, NEPA has been shown to be safe, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Analysis of oocyte cryopreservation in assisted reproduction: the Italian National Register data from 2005 to 2007.

This paper reports on oocyte cryopreservation efficacy in Italy with respect to successful IVF from 2005 to 2007, presenting data from 193 centres collected by the Italian National Register. Post-thawing survival rates, number of transferred embryos, implantation rates and clinical pregnancy rates per transfer with respect to frozen/vitrified oocytes (FVO) were analysed. These numbers were compared with those obtained using frozen embryos or fresh oocytes. A total of 121,708 cycles were initiated, of which, 7.1% (8682) were FVO cycles and 2.4% (2952) were frozen embryo cycles. Of the 81,786 FVO, 52.5% (42,917) were thawed and 26.9% (22,005) inseminated. Of those inseminated, 68.0% (14,966) yielded good embryos. These numbers were significantly lower than those using fresh oocytes in which 77.9% (197,242; fresh oocytes versus FVO P<0.001) of inseminated oocytes generated good embryos. Implantation rate using FVO was 6.9%, which was significantly lower than that using fresh oocytes (13.5%; P<0.001) and frozen embryos (8.8%; P<0.001). Pregnancy rate per transfer using FVO was 12.5% and significantly lower than that using fresh oocytes (24.9%; P<0.001) or frozen embryos (16.4%; P<0.001). There were 505 deliveries after IVF with FVO and 582 babies.

Memory effects and self-excited oscillations in deterministic epidemic models with intrinsic time delays.

The simplest delay differential equation describing the dynamics of non-lethal infectious diseases in a fixed-size population is extended to include the incubation period, as an additional delay parameter. It is observed that these types of deterministic models consist of one delay differential equation, whereas standard SIR and SEIR models consist of two and three ordinary differential equations, respectively. The extended model presents interesting peculiarities as, for example, initial oscillatory patterns in the curve counting the infectious individuals. A comparison of the doubly delayed differential equation with the standard SEIR model is made. It is argued that self-sustained oscillations, which are intrinsic properties of models with time delay, have to be taken into account in designing optimal epidemic containment strategies.

Nivolumab in metastatic melanoma: good efficacy and tolerability in elderly patients.

Background: Nivolumab is an anti-PD-1 antibody that restores the antitumour immune function of T cells, blocking the binding of PD-1 with its ligand PD-L1. PD-1 is expressed on T cells and interacts with PD-L1 on tumour cells. The PD-1-PD-L1 link inhibits T cell activation. In metastatic melanoma, PD-1-PD-L1 binding plays a critical role, and the advent of the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab has delivered new and effective treatment options with proven clinical benefit. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of nivolumab in elderly patients with metastatic melanoma. Methods: The study enrolled 55 elderly patients (75 years of age and older) with a diagnosis of metastatic melanoma. Primary endpoints of the study were progression-free survival (pfs) and the objective response rate; secondary endpoints were overall survival, reduction in serum lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) from before to after treatment, and tolerability. Results: Nivolumab was well tolerated and resulted in good disease control, with a manageable toxicity profile and significant clinical benefit. The duration of pfs was 5.1 months (95% confidence interval: 3.5 months to 6.8 months). A significant correlation was observed between reduction in serum ldh and pfs: 0.60 (95% confidence interval: 0.28 to 0.86; p = 0.002). Conclusions: Nivolumab is an immunotherapy treatment that has proved to be an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic option in elderly patients with metastatic melanoma.

Use of Eribulin mesylate as second-line therapy in elderly patients with HER/2 negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC): efficacy, tolerability and Quality of Life.

OBJECTIVE: Eribulin mesylate (Halaven®) is a non-taxane inhibitor of microtubule indicated as monotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), which progresses after anthracycline and taxanes therapy. In this retrospective observational study, we want to evaluate the efficacy of Eribulin in elderly women with MBC pretreated with anthracyclines and taxanes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 40 elderly patients > 70 years of age were enrolled, and the median age was 76 years (range 70-82). Overall survival (OS), Progression Free Survival (PFS), Objective Response Rate (ORR) were primary endpoints, tolerability, carcinoembryonic antigen levels 15.3 (Ca 15.3), before and after treatment, and Quality of Life (QoL) were secondary endpoints. RESULTS: Eribulin treatment was well tolerated, produced a good level of disease control, a manageable toxicity profile and a significant impact on QoL. Median OS was 12.8 months and median PFS was 3.2 months. A significant correlation was observed between reduction of Ca 15.3 and PFS with a value of 0.59 (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a limited number of patients and a modest manageable toxicity, Eribulin is a chemotherapy treatment that has showed to be an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic option in elderly patients with MBC. Further analysis should focus on the elderly patients in our setting of study.

Experimental Setup Employed in the Operating Room Based on Virtual and Mixed Reality: Analysis of Pros and Cons in Open Abdomen Surgery.

Currently, surgeons in operating rooms are forced to focus their attention both on the patient's body and on flat low-quality surgical monitors, in order to get all the information needed to successfully complete surgeries. The way the data are displayed leads to disturbances of the surgeon's visuals, which may affect his performances, besides the fact that other members of the surgical team do not have proper visual tools able to aid him. The idea underlying this paper is to exploit mixed reality to support surgeons during surgical procedures. In particular, the proposed experimental setup, employed in the operating room, is based on an architecture that put together the Microsoft HoloLens, a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) player and a mixed reality visualization tool (i.e., Spectator View) developed by using the Mixed Reality Toolkit in Unity with Windows 10 SDK. The suggested approach enables visual information on the patient's body as well as information on the results of medical screenings to be visualized on the surgeon's headsets. Additionally, the architecture enables any data and details to be shared by the team members or by external users during surgical operations. The paper analyses in detail advantages and drawbacks that the surgeons have found when they wore the Microsoft HoloLens headset during all the ten open abdomen surgeries conducted at the IRCCS Hospital "Giovanni Paolo II" in the city of Bari (Italy). A survey based on Likert scale demonstrates how the use of the suggested tools can increase the execution speed by allowing multitasking procedures, i.e., by checking medical images at high resolution without leaving the operating table and the patient. On the other hand, the survey also reveals an increase in the physical stress and reduced comfort due to the weight of the Microsoft HoloLens device, along with drawbacks due to the battery autonomy. Additionally, the survey seems to encourage the use of DICOM Viewer and Spectator View both for surgical education and for improving surgery outcomes. Note that the real use of the conceived platform in the operating room represents a remarkable feature of this paper, since most if not all the studies conducted so far in literature exploit mixed reality only in simulated environments and not in real operating rooms. In conclusion, the study clearly highlights that, despite the challenges required in the forthcoming years to improve the current technology, mixed reality represents a promising technique that will soon enter the operating rooms to support surgeons during surgical procedures in many hospitals across the world.

Mid-transverse colon cancer and extended versus transverse colectomy: Results of the Italian society of surgical oncology colorectal cancer network (SICO CCN) multicenter collaborative study.

INTRODUCTION: Transverse colon cancer (TCC) is poorly studied, and TCC cases are often excluded from large prospective randomized trials because of their complexity and their potentially high complication rate. The best surgical approach for TCC has yet to be established. The aim of this large retrospective multicenter Italian series is to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of both hemicolectomy and transverse colectomy in order to identify the best surgical approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with mid-transverse colon cancer treated with a segmental colon resection or an extended hemicolectomy (right or left) between 2006 and 2016 in 28 high-volume (more than 70 procedures/year) Italian referral centers for colorectal surgery. RESULTS: The study included 1529 patients, 388 of whom underwent a segmental resection while 1141 underwent an extended resection. A higher number of complications has been reported in the segmental group than in the extended group (30.1% versus 23.6%; p 0.010). In 42 cases the main complication was the anastomotic leak (4.4% versus 2.2%; p 0.020). Recovery outcomes also showed statistical differences: time to first flatus (p 0.014), time to first mobilization (p 0.040), and overall hospital stay (p < 0.001) were significantly shorter in the extended group. Even if overall survival were similar between the groups (95.1% versus 97%; p 0.384), 3-year disease-free survival worsened after segmental resection (78.1% versus 86.2%; p 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, an extended right colon resection for TCC seems to be surgically safer and more oncologically valid.