RID: Evaluation of the Possible Inhibiting Effect of the Proinflammatory Signaling Induced by TNF-α through NF-κß and AP-1 in Two Cell Lines of Breast Cancer.

Receptor internalization and degradation (RID), is a transmembrane protein coded within the E3 region expression cassette of adenoviruses. RID downregulates the cell surface expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), and apoptosis antigen 1 (FAS), causing a reduction of the effects of their respective ligands. In addition, RID inhibits apoptosis by decreasing the secretion of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) by normal tissue cells. In this article, we report that RID inhibited chemokine expression in human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 but showed no effect in cell line MCF7. These dissimilar results may be due to the different molecular and functional properties of both cell lines. Therefore, it is necessary to replicate this study in other breast cancer cell models.

Mechanisms of E3 modulation of immune and inflammatory responses.

Adenoviruses contain genes that have evolved to control the host immune and inflammatory responses; however, it is not clear whether these genes function primarily to facilitate survival of the virus during acute infection or during its persistent phase. These issues have assumed greater importance as the use of adenoviruses as vectors for gene therapy has been expanded. This review will focus on the mechanism of immune evasion mediated by the proteins encoded within the early region 3 (E3) transcription region, which affect the functions of a number of cell surface receptors including Fas, intracellular cell signaling events involving NF-kappaB, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules such as chemokines. The successful use of E3 genes in facilitating allogeneic transplantation and in preventing autoimmune diabetes in several transgenic mouse models will also be described.

[The onset of an anaplastic ganglioglioma during the post-natal period with signs of toxemia of pregnancy]. / Inicio de un ganglioglioma anaplásico durante un puerperio con signos de toxemia gravídica.

INTRODUCTION: Gangliogliomas are infrequent neuronoglial tumours which present in youngsters and are usually located in the temporal lobe. They usually appear with epileptic seizures and prognosis after surgical excision is usually good. The anaplastic forms are even less frequent and prognosis is poorer. The onset of epileptic seizures during the early post-natal period means that the clinician has to resort to a broad differential diagnosis. CASE REPORT: Hours after a preterm birth, at the 32nd week of gestation, a 35-year-old primipara began to suffer seizures and also presented arterial hypertension, proteinuria and a low platelet count. A cranial computerized tomography scan was carried out where a left frontal hypodense lesion was observed. Transcranial echo Doppler scan showed medium speeds and suggested eclampsia. The seizures, however, recurred during the days that followed and a magnetic resonance scan of the head revealed a lesion with nodular contrast enhancement, which was excised, and finally an anatomopathological diagnosis of an anaplastic ganglioglioma was reached. DISCUSSION: The toxemia of pregnancy, which gave rise to a vasogenic cerebral edema, accelerated the clinical onset of a brain tumour during the post-natal period. A ganglioglioma, although infrequent, is always a possibility to be borne in mind in young patients.