[Focus on and response to climate-sensitive diseases].

With the current climate change characterized by global warming becoming more severe, the increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as heatwaves, cold waves, sandstorms, floods, and droughts caused by climate change has posed serious threats to human health. Climate change is not only a major public health challenge in China, but also a focus problem in global. This article focuses on climate-sensitive diseases and summarizes and reviews the latest scientific facts and progress on how climate change impacts infectious diseases and chronic non-communicable diseases. It further proposes measures and strategies for addressing climate-sensitive diseases with public health in center, providing ideas and suggestions for scientifically addressing climate-sensitive diseases in the future.

[A panel study on the association of organophosphate ester flame retardant exposure with thyroid function related hormones in healthy older adults].

Objective: To explore the impact of whole blood organophosphate esters (OPEs) flame retardant exposure on thyroid function-related hormones in healthy older adults. Methods: In this panel study, five repeated population-based epidemiological surveys and biological sample collection were conducted from September 2018 to January 2019, with 76 healthy older adults aged 60-69 years in the Dianliu Community of Jinan, Shandong Province. Information on the sociodemographic characteristics, diet, and health status of the respondents was systematically gathered through questionnaires and physical examinations. Fasting venous blood was collected to determine the levels of OPEs, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the impact of OPEs exposure on thyroid function-related hormones in healthy older adults. Results: Each of the 76 subjects participated in at least two follow-up visits, resulting in a total of 350 person visits. The age of the study participants was (65.07±2.76) years, with 38 participants of both sexes. A total of eight OPEs were included with a detection rate exceeding 50%, and the M (Q1, Q3) for ∑OPEs was 3.85 (2.33, 5.74) ng/ml, with alkyl-OPEs being the major type of OPEs with an M (Q1, Q3) of 1.27 (0.64, 2.50) ng/ml. The M (Q1, Q3) for TSH, T3, and T4 was 3.74 (2.55, 5.69) µIU/ml, 1.32 (1.10, 1.60) ng/ml, and 45.04 (36.96, 53.27) ng/ml, respectively. Linear mixed-effects model showed that TSH was significantly decreased by 9.93% (95%CI:-15.17%, -4.36%) and 11.14% (95%CI:-15.94%, -6.06%) in older adults for each quartile level increase in TnBP and TEHP exposures, respectively. Gender-stratified analysis indicated that TEHP exposure was negatively associated with TSH levels in male older adults, whereas a decrease in TSH levels among female older adults was associated with TnBP exposure. Conclusion: Exposure to whole blood OPEs is associated with decreased TSH levels among healthy older adults, with notable gender differences.

SARS-CoV-2 incidence in secondary schools; the role of national and school-initiated COVID-19 measures.

INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to gain insight into the effect of COVID-19 measures on SARS-CoV-2 incidence in secondary schools and the association with classroom CO2 concentration and airborne contamination. METHODS: Between October 2020-June 2021, 18 schools weekly reported SARS-CoV-2 incidence and completed surveys on school-initiated COVID-19 measures (e.g. improving hygiene or minimizing contacts). CO2 was measured in occupied classrooms twice, and SARS-CoV-2 air contamination longitudinally using electrostatic dust collectors (EDC) and analyzed using RT-qPCR. National COVID-19 policy measures varied during pre-lockdown, lockdown and post-lockdown periods. During the entire study, schools were recommended to improve ventilation. SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated by Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models. RESULTS: During 18 weeks follow-up (range: 10-22) SARS-CoV-2 school-incidence decreased during national lockdown (adjusted IRR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.21-0.80) and post-lockdown (IRR: 0.60, 0.39-0.93) compared to pre-lockdown. School-initiated COVID-19 measures had no additional effect. Pre-lockdown, IRRs per 10% increase in time CO2 exceeded 400, 550 and 800 ppm above outdoor level respectively, were 1.08 (1.00-1.16), 1.10 (1.02-1.19), and 1.08 (0.95-1.22). Post-lockdown, CO2-concentrations were considerably lower and not associated with SARS-CoV-2 incidence. No SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in any of the EDC samples. CONCLUSION: During a period with low SARS-CoV-2 population immunity and increased attention to ventilation, with CO2 levels most of the time below acceptable thresholds, only the national policy during and post-lockdown of reduced class-occupancy, stringent quarantine, and contact testing reduced SARS-CoV-2 incidence in Dutch secondary schools. Widespread SARS-CoV-2 air contamination could not be demonstrated in schools under the prevailing conditions during the study.

[A panel study on the effect of atmospheric PM2.5 exposure on the gut microbiome in healthy elderly people aged 60-69 years old].

Objective: To analyze the short-term effect of individual atmospheric PM2.5 exposure on the diversity, enterotype, and community structure of gut microbiome in healthy elderly people in Jinan, Shandong province. Methods: The present panel study recruited 76 healthy elderly people aged 60-69 years old in Dianliu Street, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, and followed them up five times from September 2018 to January 2019. The relevant information was collected by questionnaire, physical examination, precise monitoring of individual PM2.5 exposure, fecal sample collection and gut microbiome 16S rDNA sequencing. The Dirichlet multinomial mixtures (DMM) model was used to analyze the enterotype. Linear mixed effect model and generalized linear mixed effect model were used to analyze the effect of PM2.5 exposure on gut microbiome α diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and ACE indices), enterotype and abundance of core species. Results: Each of the 76 subjects participated in at least two follow-up visits, resulting in a total of 352 person-visits. The age of 76 subjects was (65.0±2.8) years old with BMI (25.0±2.4) kg/m2. There were 38 males accounting for 50% of the subjects. People with an educational level of primary school or below accounted for 10.5% of the 76 subjects, and those with secondary school and junior college or above accounting for 71.1% and 18.4%. The individual PM2.5 exposure concentration of 76 subjects during the study period was (58.7±53.7) µg/m3. DMM model showed that the subjects could be divided into four enterotypes, which were mainly driven by Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Ruminococcaceae. Linear mixed effects model showed that different lag periods of PM2.5 exposure were significantly associated with a lower gut α diversity index (FDR<0.05 after correction). Further analysis showed that PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with changes in the abundances of Firmicutes (Megamonas, Blautia, Streptococcus, etc.) and Bacteroidetes (Alistipes) (FDR<0.05 after correction). Conclusion: Short-term PM2.5 exposure is significantly associated with a decrease in gut microbiome diversity and changes in the abundance of several species of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the elderly. It is necessary to further explore the underlying mechanisms between PM2.5 exposure and the gut microbiome, so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the intestinal health of the elderly.

[Study on the occupational exposure limit of glyphosate in the air of workplace].

Objective: To establish occupational exposure limits for glyphosate in workplace air. Methods: In November 2014, by searching the documents of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on glyphosate toxicity, the toxicity data and clinical symptoms of glyphosate toxicity were collected through various literature databases, and the target organs of glyphosate toxicity were determined. A total of 5 representative production enterprises in Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province were selected for field investigation. A total of 968 people were selected as the study subjects, including 526 workers exposed to glyphosate as the contact group, and 442 off-site (such as financial, administrative, etc.) workers with enterprises as the control group. Health examination was carried out in the exposure group and the control group to observe the damage of target organs of workers with different exposure concentrations and determine the occupational exposure limit. Results: The main target organs of glyphosate are liver and kidney and its effect on cholinesterase activity. The time-weighted average concentration (TWA) of glyphosate exposure in the exposure group was <0.03~48.91 mg/m(3), and there were statistically significant differences in liver and renal function between the exposure group and the control group (P<0.05). When the concentration of glyphosate in the air was higher than 5 mg/m3, there was a statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate of renal function between the exposure group and the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The study sets the occupational exposure limit of glyphosate as 5 mg/m(3). The safety of this standard conforms to the relevant requirements of toxicology and occupational disease epidemiology, and also conforms to the existing economic and technological level in my country, and is highly feasible.

[Meta analysis of hearing loss caused by the combined effect of noise and heat in the working population].

Objective: To explore the effect of the combined effect of noise and heat on occupational hearing loss of workers by using Meta-analysis method. Methods: In August 2020, the Chinese and English literature on the relationship between exposure to noise and heat and occupational hearing loss published from January 2005 to August 2020 by CNKI, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Official Database, Medline and PubMed Databases were searched, using noise, heat or hyperthermia, hearing as keywords. The selected data were analyzed by Stata 12.0 software, and the combined OR (95% CI) value included in the literature was calculated. Sensitivity analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity and analyze publication bias. Results: A total of 14 literatures (14 in Chinese, 0 in English) were included in the analysis, and 38654 subjects were included, including 6411 workers in the noise and heat combined effect group and 32243 workers in the noise alone group. The probability of hearing loss in the noise and heat combined effect group was 1.39 times higher than that in the noise alone group (95%CI: 1.14-1.69). The effect size OR was stable after sensitivity analysis, and there was no publication bias in the included literatures tested by Egger's and Begg's Method (z=0.38, P=0.702, t=-0.74, P=0.476) . Conclusion: Simultaneous exposure to noise and heat may increase the risk of hearing loss for workers in noisy workplaces.

[Investigation and analysis of the status of blood-borne occupational exposure of medical staff in a top three hospital and intervention measures].

Objective: To understand the current situation of blood-borne occupational exposure among health care workers and evaluate the intervention effect of PDCA. Methods: Retrospective survey was adopted to investigate and analyze the blood-borne occupational exposure incidents in a hospital from January 2015 to December 2018, and to compare the intervention effects after PDCA management. Results: A total of 82 cases of occupational exposure occurred from 2015 to 2017, and only 9 cases happened after the implementation of PDCA intervention. The exposed population was mainly consisted of nurses (59 cases, 64.83%) , and mainly with low-working age (1-5 years) (56 cases, 61.54%) , and the main source of exposure was hepatitis B (34 cases, 37.36%) . In addition, after the implementation of PDCA, the vaccination rate of personnel was 77.78%, the standardized field treatment rate was 100%, the preventive drug use rate was 88.89%; The qualified rate of occupational protection assessment was higher than that before intervention, which all shows the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: With the guide of PDCA management, Strengthen the training of new employees or ones with low working years as well as their awareness of protection, and standardize the relevant operational procedures, which can significantly improve the prevention of blood-borne occupational exposure and stress management of medical staff.

[Analysis of electrocardiogram and blood related indicators in workers occupationally exposed to mercury in Jiangsu Province from 2016 to 2018].

Objective: To investigate the health status of occupational mercury workers and reveal the effects of mercury exposure on the cardiovascular system. Methods: In June 2019, a total of 2651 mercury workers participated in the occupational health examination between 2016-2018 from a thermometer manufacturing plant and a fluorescent lamp manufacturing plant were included in this study. Then, they were divided into a high-level mercury exposure group (425 workers whose urine mercury concentration >35 µg/g creatinine) and a low-mercury mercury exposure group (2226 workers whose urinary mercury concentration <35 µg/g creatinine) . Mercury concentration in the workplace was also detected. Finally, the results of electrocardiogram (ECG) , blood routine, blood biochemistry and other physical examinations were analyzed. The measurement data of age and exposure years were analyzed by test. Urinary mercury and blood parameters were analyzed by Mann-Whitney nonparametric test. Chi-square test was used for the analyses of gender, ECG abnormality rate and other categorical data. Results: The 8-hour weighted average allowable concentration (CTWA) of mercury in the workplace of high-exposure group was 0.002 2-0.152 mg/m(3). The abnormal rate of ECG in the high-exposed group (29.6%) was higher than that in the low-exposure group (10.1%) in 2018 (P<0.01) . Compared with the low-exposure group, the WBC of the high-exposure group from 2016 to 2018 was increased, with statistically significance (P<0.05) ; the RBC of the high-exposure group in 2016 and 2017 was decreased, with statistically significance (P<0.01) ; the total bilirubin concentration in the high-exposure group was decreased from 2016 to 2018, with statistically significance (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Long-term exposure to high concentration of mercury in the workplace may influence cardiovascular system. Therefore, engineering protection and individual protection should be implemented well.

[Efficacy and safety of licartin with repeated administration in treatment of HCC patients after liver transplantation].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of licartin with repeated administration in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after liver transplantation. Methods: Clinical data of 60 patients after liver transplantation with licartin in Tianjin First Central Hospital from December 2012 to December 2016 were collected and analyzed.The patients were divided into A group(received single therapy, n=45)and B group(received repeated therapy with equal or greater than twice, n=15). The results of blood routine examination, liver function and thyroid function between the two groups(1 week before treatment, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment) were compared. Survival time and adverse reactions were statistically analyzed. Results: There was no significant statistical difference on age, gender and AFP between the two groups(all P>0.05). Compared to baseline level 1 week before treatment, platelet levels were reduced 2 weeks after treatment, and gradually recovered to baseline level at 8 weeks(F=50.42 and 61.71, all P<0.05); 4 weeks after treatment, the alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels were increased to a certain extent and recovered to baseline at 8 weeks(F=5.42 and 3.39, 8.95 and 6.84, all P<0.05). Thyroid function injury ratio for the two groups were 8.9% and 8.6%. No serious adverse reactions occurred, and mild adverse reactions could be tolerated with spontaneous remission or symptomatic treatment. There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups(χ2=0.459-1.0, all P>0.05). The median survival time was 34.0 months for A group, the 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 36- and 48-month overall survival rates for the two groups were 93.3%, 86.6%, 73.3%, 62.2%, 48.9%, 33.3% and 100%, 93.3%, 86.7%, 80.0%, 66.7%, 66.7%, respectively (χ2=4.324, P=0.038). HCC in situ recurrence rate for the two groups were 15.6% and 13.3%(χ2=1.0, P=0.601). The incidence of hepatocellular metastasis for the two groups were 22.2% and 20.0%(χ2=1.0, P=0.585). Conclusion: Repeated licartin administration could prevent HCC recurrence and prolong survival with satisfactory safety.

[Correlation between FOXO3 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to occupational noise-induced deafness].

Objective: To investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of rs12212067 in FOXO3 gene and the susceptibility to occupational noise-induced deafness in a Chinese Han population. Methods: A total of 1 066 cases of noise exposure workers from a large chemical fiber factory in Jiangsu Province were selected as the study subjects. All subjects' basic data and field exposure data were collected through questionnaires and occupational health surveys. The subjects were divided into case group (531 persons, double ear high frequency average hearing threshold>25 dB) and control group (535 persons, double ear high frequency average hearing threshold≤25 dB) according to their results of pure tone hearing test .2ml fasting venous blood was collected for DNA extraction and genotyping was performed by TaqMan-PCR technique. Results: Genotyping results suggested that the GT+GG genotype is a risk factor for occupational noise-induced deafness, with an adjusted OR 95% confidence interval of 2.044 (1.51-2.78) . After the noise exposure intensity was stratified, the adjusted OR values and the 95% confidence intervals of noise intensity ≤85, 85-92 and>92 dB respectively 2.43 (1.52-3.90) , 2.17 (1.03-4.59) and 1.74 (1.07-2.83) . Conclusion: GT-GG genotype in rs12212067 of FOXO3 gene may be a risk factor for occupational noise-induced deafness.

A tale of two countries: all-cause mortality among people living with HIV and receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in the UK and Canada.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare all-cause mortality of people living with HIV and accessing care in Canada and the UK. METHODS: Individuals from the Canadian Observational Cohort (CANOC) collaboration and UK Collaborative HIV Cohort (UK CHIC) study who were aged ≥ 18 years, had initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the first time between 2000 and 2012 and who had acquired HIV through sexual transmission were included in the analysis. Cox regression was used to investigate the difference in mortality risk between the two cohort collaborations, accounting for loss to follow-up as a competing risk. RESULTS: A total of 19 960 participants were included in the analysis (CANOC, 4137; UK CHIC, 15 823). CANOC participants were more likely to be older [median age 39 years (interquartile range (IQR): 33, 46 years) vs. 36 years (IQR: 31, 43 years) for UK CHIC participants], to be male (86 vs. 73%, respectively), and to report men who have sex with men (MSM) sexual transmission risk (72 vs. 56%, respectively) (all P < 0.001). Overall, 762 deaths occurred during 98 798 person-years (PY) of follow-up, giving a crude mortality rate of 7.7 per 1000 PY [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1, 8.3 per 1000 PY]. The crude mortality rates were 8.6 (95% CI: 7.4, 10.0) and 7.5 (95% CI: 6.9, 8.1) per 1000 PY among CANOC and UK CHIC study participants, respectively. No statistically significant difference in mortality risk was observed between the cohort collaborations in Cox regression accounting for loss to follow-up as a competing risk (adjusted hazard ratio 0.86; 95% CI: 0.72-1.03). CONCLUSIONS: Despite differences in national HIV care provision and treatment guidelines, mortality risk did not differ between CANOC and UK CHIC study participants who acquired HIV through sexual transmission.

[Study of the effect of occupational exposure to glyphosate on hepatorenal function].

Objective: To explore the effect of occupational exposure to glyphosate on hepatorenal function. Methods: 526 workers who were occupationally exposed to glyphosate from 5 glyphosate-producing factories were selected as cases; and another 442 administrative staffs who were not exposed to glyphosate were selected as controls from April to November, 2014. All the subjects accepted occupational health examination. The concentration level of glyphosate in the air of workshop was detected and the time weighted average concentration (TWA) was calculated. And analyze the difference of hepatorenal fuction between case group and control group. Result: The age of the subjects in the case and control groups were separately (35.6±10.3), (34.3±9.7) years old, with the length of working for (6.5±5.7), (7.7±6.8) years. The TWA of glyphosate in the case group was between <0.03-48.91 mg/m(3), with the geometric mean at 3.78 mg/m(3). The overall rates of abnormal hepatic and renal function in the case group were 14.4% (76 cases) and 16.2% (85 cases), respectively; while those were 5.0% (22 cases) and 4.8% (21 cases), respectively in control group, and the difference showed statistical significance (P<0.05). When TWA reached <0.03-6.00 mg/m(3), the difference of hepatorenal fuction between case group and control group showed statistical significance, and the rates of abnormal hepatic and renal function was 8.0% (36/447) and 9.8% (44/447) respectively in case group. When cumulative exposure level reached <1.56-68.64 g, the difference of hepatorenal fuction between case group and control group showed statistical significance, and the rates increased to 9.2% (37/404) and 10.4% (42/404) respectively in group of cases. Conclusion: Glyphosate can affect the hepatic and renal function among occupational exposure population, and there was an association between the effect and the exposure dose.

[Value of plasma microRNAs has-let-7d and has-let-7e as potential molecular markers in workers with occupational exposure to mercury].

Objective: To investigate whether plasma microRNAs has-let-7d and has-let-7e can be used as potential molecular markers for workers with occupational exposure to mercury. Methods: October 2013, the workers with occupational exposure to mercury who worked in a mercury thermometer factory and participated in occupational health examination were selected as subjects, and biological samples and basic data were collected. The subjects were divided into chronic mercury poisoning group,mercury absorption group,and control group,with 30 individuals in each group. AmicroRNA microarray combined with RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of has-let-7d and has-let-7e in the three groups, the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the values of has-let-7d and has-let-7e in the diagnosis of occupational chronic mercury poisoning,a software platform was used to predict target genes. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were also performed. Results: Compared with the control group, the chronic mercury poisoning group and the mercury absorption group had significant increases in the expression of has-let-7d and has-let-7e(P<0.05). The areas under the ROC curve for microRNAs has-let-7d and has-let-7e in the diagnosis of occupational chronic mercury poisoning were 0.912(95% confidence interval[CI]0.843-0.981)and 0.908(95%CI0.837-0.979),respectively,and there was a significant difference between them(P<0.001). Conclusion: Plasma microRNAs has-let-7d and has-let-7e can be used as potential molecular markers for workers with occupational exposure to mercury.

Reductions in all-cause and cause-specific mortality among HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy in British Columbia, Canada: 2001-2012.

OBJECTIVES: Since 2006, the British Columbia HIV/AIDS Drug Treatment Program (DTP) has expanded enrolment and dramatically increased its number of participants. We examined the effect this expansion has had on the underlying cause of death in HIV-infected individuals. METHODS: We analysed data from participants aged 18 years and older in the DTP to measure 2-year mortality rates and causes of death from 2001 to 2012. We conducted tests of trend for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and compared demographics and characteristics of individuals. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the risk of death. RESULTS: A total of 8185 participants received antiretroviral therapy (ART) during the study period. Mortality declined from 3.88 per 100 person-years (PY) in 2001-2002 to 2.15 per 100 PY in 2011-2012 (P = 0.02). There were significant decreases in HIV-related deaths (2.34 to 0.56 per 100 PY; P = 0.02) and deaths attributable to chronic liver disease (0.20 to 0.09 per 100 PY; P = 0.01), cardiovascular disease (0.24 to 0.05 per 100 PY; P = 0.03) and suicides (0.47 to 0 per 100 PY; P = 0.003). Multivariate models, adjusted for age, gender, history of injecting drug use, AIDS diagnoses and baseline CD4 cell counts, demonstrated that initiation of ART in all time periods after 2001-2002 was independently associated with reduced mortality (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We observed declines in HIV-related mortality and certain non-HIV-related causes of death among participants in the BC DTP from 2001 to 2012. These findings suggest that there may be broader benefits to the increasingly liberal HIV treatment guidelines, including reductions in death caused by cardiovascular disease and chronic liver disease.

[Somewhere in tertiary hospital clinical laboratory in pursuance of personnel sharp injury incidence status investigation and relative factor analysis].

Objective: Investigation in tertiary hospital clinical laboratory in pursuance of the current state of the sharp injury incidence and influencing factors, analyze the causes and discuss the control strategy. Methods: Application of cross-sectional survey method, according to the unified investigation questionnaire investigation, with chi-square test and the multi-factor Logistic regression analysis methods to analyze research data. Results: The work environment exit contact with injection needles, glass and other sharps, contact with noise, contact with chemicals, contact the patient's blood and other biological specimens, high-risk groups, the patient and family to negative emotions, by patients and their families complain or abuse related influencing factors. In the organization and management factors, in order to work strength is insufficient for the most dissatisfied, protective equipment, medical staff personal cognitive factors of occupational exposure, failing to abide by the medical care standard operation and high incidence after exposure to failed to report. Somewhere in tertiary hospital clinical laboratory in pursuance of the incidence of sharps injuries associated with five factors: different jobs, working strength, protective equipment perfect or not, sharp instrument use and disposal of medical wastes. Conclusion: Tertiary hospital clinical laboratory in pursuance of the incidence of sharp injury related to many factors, Hospitals should formulate corresponding rules and regulations, improve the working environment, the standard safety operation, reduced the incidence of sharps injuries.

[Survey of urology nurses on occupation protection from intravesical chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the awareness of self protection and practice of nurses from urology department when giving intravesical chemotherapy to patients with urinary bladder cancer. METHODS: One survey via a self-designed questionnaire and an on-the-spot examination of anticancer drugs preparing were done and compared among 42 nurses from urology department and 48 nurses from oncology department. RESULTS: All nurses from oncology department were trained with anticancer drugs-associated knowledge and 83.3% nurses from urology department had received some training (P<0.05). Over 64.6%nurses from department of medical oncology were familiar with all the five parts of chemotherapy drugs protection protocol, while only 40.5%nurses from department of urology were aware of them. During the on-the-spot examination, 50.0% and 21.4% nurses respectively from oncology department and urology department could complete seven anticancer drugs preparation procedure correctly (P <0.05) CONCLUSIONS: The nurses from urology department had weak awareness of self protection and were lack of chemotherapy associated training and standard practice when giving intravesical chemotherapy. It is imperative to work out a protection plan to educate the nurses and establish the protocols for preparing anticancer drugs to reduce the occurrence of occupational hazard.

Clinical research of eliminating the negative psychological impact of patients with cancer with psychological support and intervention combined amitriptyline.

Cancer patients need not only advanced therapeutic method but also spiritual counseling. Therefore clinical nurses need to analyze the negative psychological status and discuss the effect of psychological support and intervention on the improvement of patients' psychological burden, thus to establish effective intervention plans for patients. A total of 30 patients with cancer were selected for study. They were divided into blank group, intervention group and control group. Patients in three groups were orally administrated amitriptyline if necessary. Patients in blank group directlyfilled in the form of self-perceived burden and self-made questionnaire of general material of patients. Different groups were interfered with psychological support in different patterns for 3 months. The differences of SPB experience, MCMQ and QLQ-CCC in two groups werecompared respectively. It was found that SPBscore of cancer patients in blank group was in moderate level of burden, while SPB score in intervention group and control group were relatively lower, and score of MCMQ and QLO-CCC in intervention group were higher than that in control group. It was concluded that the experience of self-perceived burden existed in most cancer chemotherapy patients. Psychological support and intervention can obviously reduce the SPB experience of cancer patients and improve patients' living quality.

Mineralo-organic particles inhibit influenza A virus infection by targeting viral hemagglutinin activity.

Aim: Mineralo-organic particles, naturally present in human body fluids, participate in ectopic calcification and inflammatory diseases. These particles coexist with influenza A virus (IAV) in the same microenvironment during viral infection. Our objective was to investigate the functional consequences of the potential interactions between these particles and the virions.Materials & methods: We used in vitro models, including electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, hemagglutination assay and viral infection assays to examine the interactions.Results: Mineralo-organic particles bind to IAV virions through interactions involving particle-bound fetuin-A and mineral content, effectively engaging viral hemagglutinin. These interactions result in hindered viral infection.Conclusion: These findings uncover the novel interactions between mineralo-organic particles and IAV, highlighting the impact of virus microenvironment complexity.

[Box: see text].

A clinical-radiomics based nomogram to predict progressive intraparenchymal hemorrhage in mild to moderate traumatic injury patients.

PURPOSE: To develop a non-contrast computed tomography(NCCT)based radiomics model for predicting intraparenchymal hemorrhage progression in patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury(TBI). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 166 mild to moderate TBI patients with intraparenchymal hemorrhage from January 2018 to December 2021. The enrolled patients were divided into training cohort and test cohort with a ratio of 6:4. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses were implemented to screen clinical-radiological factors and to establish a clinical-radiological model. Model performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), the calibration curve, the decision curve analysis, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: Eleven radiomics features, presence with SDH, and D-dimer > 5 mg/l were selected to construct the combined clinical-radiomic model for the prediction of TICH in mild to moderate TBI patients. The AUC of the combined model was 0.81(95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72 to 0.90) in the training cohort and 0.88 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.96) in the test cohort, which were superior to the clinical model alone (AUCtraining = 0.72, AUCtest = 0.74). The calibration curve demonstrated that the radiomics nomogram had a good agreement between prediction and observation. Decision curve analysis confirmed clinically useful. CONCLUSIONS: The combined clinical-radiomic model that incorporates the radiomics score and clinical risk factors can serve as a reliable and powerful tool for Predicting intraparenchymal hemorrhage progression for patients with mild to moderate TBI.

Identification of hub necroptosis-related lncRNAs for prognosis prediction of esophageal carcinoma.

Necroptosis is a newly identified programmed cell death associated with the biological process of various cancers, including esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). Meanwhile, the dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is greatly implicated in ESCA progression and necroptosis regulation. However, the lncRNAs involved in regulating necroptosis in ESCA are still unclear. In this study, we aim to explore the expression profile of necroptosis-related lncRNAs (NRLs), and evaluate their roles in ESCA prognosis and treatment. In the present study, 198 differentially expressed NRLs were identified between the ESCA and adjacent normal tissues through screening the data extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. And, a prognostic panel consisting of 6 NRLs was constructed using the LASSO algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The ESCA patients with high risks had a markedly reduced survival time and higher mortality prevalence. Moreover, C-index of 6 NRLs-panel was superior to 48 published prognostic models based on lncRNAs or mRNAs for ESCA. There were significant differences between the high-risk and low-risk groups in tumor-related pathways, genetic mutations, and drug sensitivity responses. In vitro analysis revealed that inhibition of PVT1 impeded the proliferation, migration, and colony formation of ESCA cells, increased the expressions of p-RIP1 and p-MLKL and promoted necroptosis. By contrast, PVT1 overexpression resulted in a decrease in necroptotic cell death events, thus promoting tumor progression. Collectively, the established 6-NRLs panel was a promising biomarker for the prognostic prediction of ESCA. Moreover, our current findings provided potential targets for individualized therapy for ESCA patients.