A Case of Type 1 Triallelic Patterns at D5S818, D18S51, D6S1043, and FGA Demonstrated by Short Tandem Repeat Analysis.

The triallelic pattern of short tandem repeat (STR) is rare; especially, the case where this pattern exists at 4 loci has not been reported. Here, we report the type 1 triallelic patterns at D5S818, D18S51, D6S1043, and FGA from a Chinese family, which were observed during our routine chimerism assays. Before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the blood sample of the certain patient was analyzed by performing chimerism analysis. A preliminary STR analysis was also performed on the samples of the patient's parents. STR signal data illustrated that the sum of the peak chart areas of the two types inherited from the father was basically the same as that of the mother, belonging to the type 1 triallelic pattern. In addition, the patient's elder sister's STR result appeared to be normal. Altogether, we presented a pedigree, in which the triallelic pattern was linked by inheritance in the family. This is the first reported case of the triallelic pattern at D5S818, D18S51, D6S1043, and FGA all around the world. We hope that in the future there will be any tools to achieve accurate verification against this possibility.

Distribution of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes in a large, multi-centre cohort of Chinese donors.

BACKGROUND: The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR), which mediates the killing function of NK cells, is an attractive candidate for adoptive cellular therapy. The ethnic distribution for China provides a unique opportunity to investigate KIR gene distribution. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between population history and the rapidly evolving KIR genetic diversity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 8050 Chinese donors from 184 hospitals were included to analyse frequency, haplotype, and B-content data of 16 KIR genes, by PCR-SSP for KIR genotyping. RESULTS: KIR gene carrier frequencies were found similar to those observed in other studies on Han, but different from Thais, Japanese, Africans, and populations of West Eurasian ancestry. High-frequency KIR genotype profiles found in the present population were consistent with other studies on Han populations but different from those conducted on other cohorts. The majority of our cohort carried group A KIR gene motifs. Additionally, populations with similar geographic locations in China were shown clustered together, while Hainan and Xinjiang provinces were slightly separated from these. CONCLUSION: The distribution of KIR genes varies by geographic region, and different ethnic groups may be a confounding factor of KIR diversity.

Investigation of HLA susceptibility alleles and genotypes with hematological disease among Chinese Han population.

Several genes involved in the pathogenesis have been identified, with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system playing an essential role. However, the relationship between HLA and a cluster of hematological diseases has received little attention in China. Blood samples (n = 123913) from 43568 patients and 80345 individuals without known pathology were genotyped for HLA class I and II using sequencing-based typing. We discovered that HLA-A*11:01, B*40:01, C*01:02, DQB1*03:01, and DRB1*09:01 were prevalent in China. Furthermore, three high-frequency alleles (DQB1*03:01, DQB1*06:02, and DRB1*15:01) were found to be hazardous in malignant hematologic diseases when compared to controls. In addition, for benign hematologic disorders, 7 high-frequency risk alleles (A*01:01, B*46:01, C*01:02, DQB1*03:03, DQB1*05:02, DRB1*09:01, and DRB1*14:54) and 8 high-frequency susceptible genotypes (A*11:01-A*11:01, B*46:01-B*58:01, B*46:01-B*46:01, C*01:02-C*03:04, DQB1*03:01-DQB1*05:02, DQB1*03:03-DQB1*06:01, DRB1*09:01-DRB1*15:01, and DRB1*14:54-DRB1*15:01) were observed. To summarize, our findings indicate the association between HLA alleles/genotypes and a variety of hematological disorders, which is critical for disease surveillance.

39.1 µJ picosecond ultraviolet pulses at 355 nm with 1 MHz repeat rate.

Based on our reliable high-power picosecond laser source with high beam qualities, we designed a compact and efficient third harmonic generation scheme by cascading a frequency doubling and a sum frequency generation using LBO as the nonlinear material. A maximum output of 39.1 W with a repeat rate of 1 MHz at 355 nm was obtained, which implied a pulse energy of 39.1 µJ, which was the highest picosecond UV pulse energy with an all-solid-state setup so far. The total conversion efficiency from infrared to UV was up to 46%. And the output UV has excellent beam qualities with an M-square factor less than 1.1.

Theoretical and experimental research on the polarization-coupled-input Raman oscillator.

We present a polarization-coupled-input Raman oscillator, which is pumped by a 532 nm Q-switched hybrid resonator Nd:YVO(4) slab second harmonic generation laser. By the polarization-coupled method, the dichroic mirror is avoided and more than 98% of the 532 nm pump energy can be coupled into the Raman oscillator. Theoretical calculations and the experimental results show that the second Stokes effect is dramatically suppressed. With this method, the pure 559 nm (P(532)/P(559)<0.7% and P(589)/P(559)<0.1%) laser output can be achieved.

The novel HLA-DQB1*06:475 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-DQB1*06:475 differs from HLA-DQB1*06:35 by one nucleotide in exon 2.

The novel HLA-A*30:01:24 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-A*30:01:24 differs from HLA-A*30:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

The novel HLA-C*04:490 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*04:490 differs from HLA-C*04:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

The novel HLA-A*02:1068Q allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-A*02:1068Q differs from HLA-A*02:03:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 1.

The novel HLA-C*03:04:74 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*03:04:74 differs from HLA-C*03:04:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 6.

The novel HLA-B*35:563 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-B*35:563 differs from HLA-B*35:03:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 4.

The novel HLA-B*15:638 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-B*15:638 differs from HLA-B*15:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 2.

The novel HLA-DQB1*03:03:29 allele, identified by sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-DQB1*03:03:29 differs from HLA-DQB1*03:03:02:01 by one nucleotide in exon 2.

The novel HLA-C*15:02:58 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*15:02:58 differs from HLA-C*15:02:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 1.

The novel HLA-A*02:1075 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-A*02:1075 differs from HLA-A*02:07:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 5.

The novel HLA-C*07:1029 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*07:1029 differs from HLA-C*07:02:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 5.

The novel HLA-B*35:568 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-B*35:568 differs from HLA-B*35:03:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 4.

The novel HLA-A*02:07:22 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-A*02:07:22 differs from HLA-A*02:07:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

The novel HLA-DRB1*12:01:12 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-DRB1*12:01:12 differs from HLA-DRB1*12:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 2.