The effect of cleft lip repair on maxillary morphology in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate.

This study was performed to investigate the isolated effects of cleft lip repair on maxillary morphology in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. We compared 10 adult patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate who had only lip repair in childhood and no palatal repair (group 1) with 30 adult patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate who had both their lip and palate repaired in childhood (group 2). Both groups of patients also were compared with 24 adult individuals who had normal occlusion and no cleft anomalies. Evaluation of lateral cephalograms showed that both group 1 and group 2 had significant degrees of maxillary retrusion compared with normal individuals. The magnitude of maxillary retrusion was not increased by cleft palate repair, and none of the cephalometric measurements were significantly different between groups 1 and 2.

Repeated mandibular lengthening in Treacher Collins syndrome: a case report.

A patient with mandibular hypoplasia associated with Treacher Collins syndrome was treated by bilateral distraction osteogenesis. Since less than optimal length was provided by the first distraction, a second corticotomy was performed in the newly formed bone 6 months after the first distraction. Thus bone gained by distraction osteogenesis was subjected to distraction once again. New bone formation occurred after the second lengthening. This case illustrated that distraction osteogenesis may be applied to the mandible at the site of previous distraction.

Functional regulator therapy in treatment of skeletal open-bite.

A study was performed on the functional regulator, Fränkel appliance (FR4) in order to test its efficiency in the treatment of patients with skeletal open-bite. Pretreatment and post-treatment cephalometric evaluation was done on 11 patients and 10 untreated patients with skeletal open-bite. The results showed that the FR4 appliance was mainly effective on changes in dentoalveolar structures and produced no significant skeletal changes. The degree of anterior open-bite was decreased significantly in the treatment group in comparison with the controls (p < 0.01), due to vertical eruption of upper and lower incisors and retraction of maxillary incisors.

Orthodontic application of proximal clasps.

Removable plates are widely used for various purposes in orthodontics. In order to accomplish the designed treatment objective, it is necessary to provide sufficient retention of the removable appliance. In this regard, clasps such as Adams, Schwarz, Arrowhead, Duyzing, Jackson, Crozat, ball, triangular, c and so on, have been developed. Furthermore, as much importance must be given to the level of comfort provided by the clasp as is given to its retentive property, particularly in appliances where long-term wear is essential. With regard to these two properties, proximal clasps render the greatest contribution through their high retentive capacity and ease of placement in the mouth. Hence, in spite of being developed originally for dentures, these clasps may be accommodated effectively in orthodontic appliances. In this paper, experiences acquired through practical application of proximal clasps are presented.

[Practical method of fabrication and application of Delaire-Verdon type orthopedic face-mask]. / Delaire-Verdon türü ortopedik yüz maskinin yapim ve uygulamasinda pratik bir yöntem.

The Delaire-Verdon type face mask is an efficient extra-oral orthopedic appliance used in protraction of the maxilla. In our clinic, we use this orthopedic face mask in order to stimulate maxillary development, especially in cleft palate cases. The main purpose of this article is to introduce a practical and economical fabrication technique which we have developed by taking impressions from the individual. This technique consists of an extra oral appliance which is custom-made for each patient and an easily applied anchorage system. We feel that these make the treatment more tolerable for the patient.

Effects of single- or double-jaw surgery on vertical dimension in skeletal Class III patients.

The vertical facial proportions resulting from bimaxillary surgery (maxillary advancement and mandibular setback) and mandibular setback alone were evaluated. The measurements were evaluated on the preoperative and postoperative cephalometric radiographs of 20 skeletal Class III patients. The results showed that sagittal correction of the jaws caused no change in the vertical relationship of the jaws. The only significant change was an increase in occlusal plane inclination in bimaxillary surgical patients.

Analysis of soft tissue profile changes associated with mandibular setback and double-jaw surgeries.

The soft tissue profile changes resulting from double-jaw surgery (maxillary advancement and mandibular setback) and mandibular setback alone were evaluated. The measurements were evaluated on the preoperative and postoperative cephalometric radiographs of 24 skeletal Class III patients. The results demonstrated significant correlations and suggested that the soft tissue ratios seen in double-jaw surgery were similar to those in mandibular setback surgery alone, with the exception of the changes in nasal tip projection and the upper lip area.

[Alopecia areata is an idiopathic disorder in which there is a rapidly developing loss of hair that usually begins on the scalp]. / Kombine headgear kullanimi ile birlikte görülen alopecia areata.

In this article a case of alopecia areata which developed due to combined headgear is presented. It is aimed to warn the orthodontists about this rarely seen adverse effect of the extraoral orthodontic appliances.

[The study of the relationship between the face type and condyle morphology (a cephalometric and anthropometric study)]. / Yüz tipi ile mandibuler kondil morfolojisi iliskisinin degerlendirilmesi (Sefalometrik ve antropometrik çalisma).

The main purpose of this investigation was to study the shape and size of the mandibular condyles for any correlation with type of mandibular rotation. 40 mandibular bones that belongs to modern man, and late Roman stage were examined regarding the size and shape of condyles. The cephalograms of the mandibles were taken and the type of mandibular rotation was recorded on them according to Leiba analysis. The Leiba analysis results showed statistically significant differences while, the differences between the condyle sizes were found to be insignificant between the groups.

[Comparing of the results obtained from distalization of the upper molar teeth by applying extraoral forces to permanent and removable appliances]. / Sabit ve müteharrik aygitlara agiz disi kuvvetler uygulayarak, üst alti yas disinin distalizasyonundan elde edilen sonuçlarin karsilastirilmasi.

The purpose of the present study is to compare the experimental and clinical results of permanent and removable appliances on headgears. 3 dimensional photoelastic models were used in the experimental work. On these models, forces applied to face bows which were attached to permanent and removable ancher units. After the experiment sagittal sections prepared and analyzed under polaroscope. The results of the 8 case with removable ancher units and 7 case with permanent ancher units were compared by cephalometric processes. As a result, there was no significant difference between permanent and removable headgears.

Orthodontic intervention in adult patients as an adjunct to prosthetic and restorative dentistry.

Combined orthodontic-prosthodontic procedures will enhance the results of restorative treatment in adult patients. Restoration of malposed teeth using prostheses alone will fail both esthetically and functionally. Rotation, spacing or crowding and tipped teeth will compromise the final restoration if left untreated. Correction of axial inclination will prevent pulp exposure during preparation, as well as improving the periodontal status of the involved teeth. Cooperation between the orthodontist and the prosthodontist will ensure a more favorable final result. Cases treated in this manner are presented, illustrating the orthodontic treatment and the successful end results.

Changes in hypopharyngeal airway space and in tongue and hyoid bone positions following the surgical correction of mandibular prognathism.

This study was aimed at measuring the changes in the hyoid bone position, tongue position, and hypopharyngeal airway space in subjects with mandibular setback osteotomies. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 15 patients were taken preoperatively, 6 weeks postoperatively, and at the follow-up with a mean of 1.5 +/- 0.4 years. A significant decrease in the hypopharyngeal airway space following mandibular setback surgery was found (P < .01). This change sustained during the follow-up period. The hyoid bone moved down (P < .001), and the lower tongue point also moved down (P < .05) postoperatively. Results of the study suggest that narrowing of the hypopharyngeal airway space due to the posterior and inferior movement of the tongue can be permanent.

Cephalometric evaluation of open bite treatment with NiTi arch wires and anterior elastics.

The aim of this study was to evaluate cephalometrically the effects of open bite treatment with NiTi arch wires and anterior elastics. The study group comprised of 17 patients who displayed a high angle skeletal pattern, along with an anterior open bite. After initial leveling, 0.016 x 0.022 inch upper accentuated-curve and lower reverse-curve arch wires were placed, with anterior elastics applied in the canine regions. Cephalometric assessment was carried out on lateral head films taken at the beginning of treatment and on average 2.8 months after open bite closure was obtained. The results of this study indicated that open bite closure had been achieved mainly by extrusion of the lower incisors and uprighting of the upper incisors. The functional occlusal plane was leveled by extrusion of lower premolars and uprighting of lower molars. Lateral cephalograms obtained from 10 patients who had been available after 1 year postretention were used to evaluate relapse changes. During the follow-up period, position of the upper and lower incisors and the inclination of the occlusal plane were maintained. However, extrusion of upper and lower molar teeth resulted in a reduction in overbite.

[Frankel III appliance]. / Frankel III apareyi.

FR III is a functional regulator appliance developed by Professor Rolf Frankel. This appliance is used in the treatment of Class III malocclusions. Optimum treatment results can be achieved when the appliance is used in the early mixed dentition period. The restricting effect of the buccinator and orbicularis oris muscles on maxillary skeletal development is prevented by means of lip pads and vestibular shields, thus maxillary development is stimulated. In this article philosophy, construction and clinical management of the FR III appliance will be described and two of our patients which are treated with this appliance will be presented.