[Ungual lesions in lupus erythematosus: A literature review]. / Lupus érythémateux et atteinte unguéale : revue de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: There are few studies focusing on ungual lesions in patients with lupus erythematosus (LE). The aim of this study is to describe the type and the prevalence of ungual lesions among LE patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic literature review with analysis of individual data was performed by searching the MEDLINE database for scientific articles using the keywords "lupus erythematosus" and "nail". RESULTS: Two-hundred and eighty-seven cases were collated including 55.1% women, with an average age of 32.2±11 years. The most common ungual or peri-ungual lesions were longitudinal ridging (83 patients, 28.9%), peri-ungual erythema (62 patients, 21.6%), onycholysis (60 patients, 20.9%), melanonychia (34 patients, 11.8%) and dyschromia (33 patients, 11.5%). An association between the presence of onycholysis and peri-ungual erythema and disease activity was noted [respectively 33 (38.8%) and 26 (30.6%) patients out of 85 with active disease versus 3 (5.8%) and 4 (7.7%) patients out of 52 with non-active disease, P<0.001 and P=0.018]. Screening for fungal infection was performed in one third of the cases, with proven onychomycosis in 34.7% of cases. DISCUSSION: Ungual lesions are not specific and do not permit diagnosis of LE. They can in fact occur in other diseases such as connective tissue disorders. However, their diagnosis is important because they may be the presenting sign in LE, and certain of them may be associated with more active disease. Onychomycosis is frequently a confounding factor in such immunocompromised patients.

[Medical biostatistics with GMRC Shiny Stats - learning by doing]. / Biostatistiques médicales avec GMRC Shiny Stats ­ un outil de formation par la pratique.

Biostatistics are omnipresent in the scientific and medical literature and are an essential skill for any health student. We have developed a practical training tool - GMRC Shiny stats - an interactive application specifically dedicated to medical data statistical analysis. The application has been designed to provide an analysis workflow corresponding to the usual progression of an experienced statistician during data analysis. The most common statistical analyses can be performed (descriptive statistics, inferences according to frequentist methods, survival analyses, correlation, agreement measurements, etc.). GMRC Shiny stats is intuitive and user-friendly and assists students in choosing the most appropriate statistical tests. With all these functionalities, students can learn statistical analysis by doing. Getting involved in the statistical analysis and processing of their own data is likely to improve their biostatistics skills.

Longitudinal cohort study on preoperative pain as a risk factor for chronic postoperative inguinal pain after groin hernia repair at 2-year follow-up.

PURPOSE: To assess the rate of late chronic postoperative inguinal pain (CPIP) after groin hernia repair in patients with different categories of preoperative VRS (Verbal Rating Scale) pain and to make a pragmatic evaluation of the rates of potentially surgery-related CPIP vs. postoperative continuation of preexisting preoperative pain. METHODS: Groin pain of patients operated from 01/11/2011 to 01/04/2014 was assessed preoperatively, postoperatively and at 2-year follow-up using a VRS-4 in 5670 consecutive groin hernia repairs. A PROM (Patient Related Outcomes Measurement) questionnaire studied the impact of CPIP on the patients' daily life. RESULTS: Relevant (moderate or severe VRS) pain was registered preoperatively in 1639 of 5670 (29%) cases vs. 197 of 4704 (4.2%) cases at the 2-year follow-up. Among the latter, 125 (3.7%) cases were found in 3353 cases with no-relevant preoperative pain and 72 (5.3%) in 1351 cases with relevant preoperative pain. Relevant CPIP consisted of 179 (3.8%) cases of moderate pain and 18 (0.4%) cases of severe pain. The rate of severe CPIP was independent of the preoperative VRS-pain category while the rate of moderate CPIP (3.1%, 3.4%, 4.1%, 6.8%) increased in line with the preoperative (none, mild, moderate, and severe) VRS-pain categories. The VRS probably overestimated pain since 71.6% of the relevant CPIP patients assessed their pain as less bothersome than the hernia. CONCLUSION: At the 2-year follow-up, relevant CPIP was registered in 4.2% cases, of which 63.5% were potentially surgery-related (no-relevant preoperative pain) and 36.5% possibly due to the postoperative persistence of preoperative pain. The rate of severe CPIP was constant around 0.4%.

Immobilization protocols following trapeziectomy for osteoarthritis of the thumb: 2 weeks versus 4 weeks.

We compared the clinical outcomes of post-trapeziectomy protocols according to their duration. The main hypothesis was that there would be no significant difference in postoperative function whether immobilization duration was 2 or 4 weeks. The secondary hypotheses were that there would be no significant difference in postoperative pain, motion, or strength. 40 trapeziectomies were reviewed. Two weeks' postoperative commissural immobilization was systematic. Patients were then divided in two groups. For the first 20 patients (group I), immobilization stopped at 2 weeks. For the next 20 patients (group II) it was replaced by a splint for further 2 weeks. We compared mean pre- and post-operative (10-20 weeks) function (QuickDASH score), pain (visual analog scale - VAS), thumb opposition (Kapandji score) and strength (palmar pinch test) between the two groups. There was no significant difference between groups in postoperative values or in pre- to post-operative progression. The main hypothesis was confirmed: there was no significant difference in the postoperative function whether the immobilization was for 2 or 4 weeks. The secondary hypotheses regarding postoperative pain, motion and strength were also confirmed.

Psoriatic arthritis with hyperuricemia: more peripheral, destructive, and challenging to treat.

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of hyperuricemia on clinical presentation, severity, and associated comorbidities of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: Retrospective bicentric case-control study performed in Strasbourg and Colmar, France, from 2009 to 2019. Patients with PsA (according to ICD-10 coding) and at least one available serum urate (SU) measurement were included. Demographic, comorbidities, clinical, and radiographic data were collected. Hyperuricemia was defined as SU level ≥ 360 µmol/L. RESULTS: We included 242 patients: 73 (30.2%) had hyperuricemia and 15 (6.2%) met 2015 ACR/EULAR criteria for gout. On univariate analysis, as compared with normo-uricemic patients, hyperuricemic patients were more frequently male (72.6% vs 39.1%, p = 1.6 × 10-6) with higher body mass index (30.9 vs 28.7 kg/m2, p = 0.015) and more comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity index: 2.6 vs 1.8, p = 0.005). PsA started at an older age (47.5 vs 43 years, p = 0.016) was more polyarticular (56.2% vs 41.9%, p = 0.049) than axial (9.6% vs 22.8%, p = 0.019) and more destructive (52.8% vs 37.4%, p = 0.032). PsA patients with joint destruction more frequently had hyperuricemia than did others (37.6% vs 25.8%, p = 0.047). Multivariable analysis confirmed the association of hyperuricemic PsA with peripheral joint involvement (odds ratio 2.98; 95% confidence interval 1.15-7.75; p = 0.025) and less good response to treatment (0.35; 0.15-0.87; p = 0.024). CONCLUSION: Patients with hyperuricemic PsA show poorer response to PsA treatment and have more peripheral and destructive joint damage than normo-uricemic patients. Key Points • Gout and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) can co-exist in the same patient. • Monosodium urate crystals might have a deleterious impact on PsA. • Hyperuricemic PsA is more polyarticular, less frequently axial, and more destructive than normo-uricemic PsA. • PsA with hyperuricemia should lead to more personalized medicine.

Slowly absorbable mesh in contaminated incisional hernia repair: results of a French multicenter study.

PURPOSE: To analyze the postoperative morbidity and 1-year recurrence rate of incisional hernia repair using a biosynthetic long-term absorbable mesh in patients at higher risk of surgical infection in a contaminated surgical field. METHODS: All patients undergoing incisional hernia repair in a contaminated surgical field with the use of a biosynthetic long-term absorbable mesh (Phasix®) between May 2016 and September 2018 at six participating university centers were included in this retrospective cohort and were followed-up until September 2019. Regarding the risk of surgical infection, patients were classified according to the modified Ventral Hernia Working Group classification. Preoperative, operative and postoperative data were collected. All patients' surgical site infections (SSIs) and occurrences (SSOs) and recurrence rates were the endpoints of the study. RESULTS: Two hundred and fifteen patients were included: 170 with mVHWG grade 3 (79%) and 45 with mVHWG grade 2 (21%). The SSI and SSO rates at 12 months were 22.3% and 39.5%, respectively. According to the Dindo-Clavien classification, 43 patients (20.0%) had at least one minor complication, and 57 patients (26.5%) had at least one major complication. Among the 121 patients (56.3%) having at least 1 year of follow-up, the clinical recurrence rate was 12.4%. Multivariate analysis showed that a concomitant gastrointestinal procedure was an independent risk factor for surgical infection (OR = 2.61), and an emergency setting was an independent risk factor for major complications (OR = 11.9). CONCLUSION: The use of a biosynthetic absorbable mesh (Phasix®) is safe in a contaminated surgical field, with satisfying immediate postoperative and 1-year results. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study is registered on Clinical Trial ID: NCT04132986.

Which surgery should be offered for carpal tunnel syndrome in a patient who was previously treated for recurrence on the contralateral side? Preliminary study of 13 patients with the Canaletto® implant.

There are no published studies on the management of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients who have already been operated for recurrent CTS on the contralateral side. The aim of this study was to evaluate 13 patients with CTS who underwent primary release using a Canaletto® implant. The 13 patients had all been operated for recurrent CTS previously. On the contralateral side, they all had subjective signs, and two of them already had complications. All were operated with the Canaletto® implant according to Duché's technique, in a mean of 20minutes. After a mean 19.3-month follow-up, paresthesia, pain, and QuickDASH scores were significantly improved, even in one patient who underwent revision at another facility. This preliminary study suggests that use of a Canaletto® implant as first-line treatment for CTS in patients who already underwent revision surgery on the other side is a simple and safe technique, without worsening of symptoms. These findings should be assessed with a prospective randomized controlled trial.