Dilated cardiomyopathy in a De Brazza's monkey (Cercopithecus neglectus).

BACKGROUND: Cardiomyopathies have been reported in many primates. They may result from an inflammatory response to an infectious agent, nutritional deficiency, familial-genetic inheritance or toxic agents, but in many cases they are idiopathic. METHODS: A De Brazza's monkey (Cercopithecus neglectus) presented with weight loss and inappetence. Physical examination, blood collection and diagnostic imaging and an electrocardiogram were performed. RESULTS: Radiographs and echocardiogram revealed pleural effusion with partially collapsed lungs, cardiomegaly, and reduced myocardial contractility from myocardial failure. CONCLUSIONS: Necropsy revealed pulmonary infarction, subsequent to heart failure from dilated cardiomyopathy.