RESUMO
Our study aimed to evaluate the frame size as a genetic selection criterion as well as the association of scores with carcass characteristics measured via ultrasound to the genetic improvement of carcass quality in Nellore cattle. The variance components were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood method for the thoracic perimeter (TP), frame size score (FRAME), yearling weight (YW), visual scores of body structure (BS), muscularity (MUSC), and precocity (PREC). The carcass traits included loin eye area (REA), backfat thickness (BF), rump fat (FR), and intramuscular fat (IF). The estimated heritabilities ranged from moderate to high. The FRAME showed a positive genetic correlation with YW (0.82 ± 0.07), TP (0.58 ± 0.09), and BS score (0.62 ± 0.07), but it had a negative correlation with the MUSC and PREC visual scores (- 0.34 ± 0.09 and - 0.50 ± 0.08, respectively). The genetic correlation between FRAME and REA was positive (0.26 ± 0.09). However, FRAME presented a correlation close to zero with BF, RF, and IF. TP had a positive genetic correlation with body size traits such as YW (0.76 ± 0.05) and BS score (0.55 ± 0.08) and with muscularity traits such as REA (0.44 ± 0.01). Frame size has the potential to be used as a parameter in the selection of precocious beef cattle, but a study of its use is necessary to determine the ideal biotype for each production system.
Assuntos
Tamanho Corporal , Animais , Bovinos/genética , Fenótipo , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Oral symptoms in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are often unexplored and affect the health-related quality of life. The aims of this study were: (a) to evaluate the oral health condition of SLE patients compared to control subjects without rheumatic diseases; (b) to determine the consequences of oral health condition in the quality of life of these two groups. Individuals with SLE ( n = 75) and without SLE ( n = 78) (control group), paired for gender and age, underwent complete oral examination. Sociodemographic and clinical information was obtained, and interviews were conducted using the Brazilian version of the oral health impact profile. The activity and damage of SLE disease were assessed, respectively, by the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus. When we analysed the oral health condition and hygiene habits of the participants, SLE patients exhibited an increased number of missing teeth despite their higher frequency of tooth brushing. No significant differences were verified in other habits and clinical parameters evaluated such as smoking, flossing, salivary flux, periodontitis, decayed and filled teeth. Patients with SLE presented with worse oral health-related quality of life than controls ( P = 0.011). The significant difference was on individuals' physical disability ( P = 0.002). The determinant of the negative impact on the oral health-related quality of life was prosthesis wearing ( P < 0.05). Overall, the oral health impact profile score was higher in individuals with moderate SLE damage compared to SLE individuals with no damage ( P = 0.043). Patients with SLE had a negative impact of oral condition on their quality of life. The evaluation of the oral health-related quality of life might be useful to monitor the effects of SLE on oral condition.
Assuntos
Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Saúde Bucal/tendências , Higiene Bucal/tendências , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Higiene Bucal/normas , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Using phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy we study the influence of the alkylphospholipid, ALP, 10-(octyloxy) decyl-2-(trimethylammonium) ethyl phosphate, ODPC, in giant unilamellar vesicles, GUVs, composed of DOPC (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), brain sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (Chol). The results show that adding 100µM ODPC (below CMC) to the outer solution of GUVs promotes DOPC membrane disruption over a period of 1h of continuous observation. On the other hand, the presence of SM and Chol in homogeneous fluid lipid bilayers protects the membrane from disruption. Interestingly, by adding 100µM ODPC to GUVs containing DOPC:SM:Chol (1:1:1), which display liquid ordered (Lo)-liquid disordered (Ld) phase coexistence, the domains rapidly disappear in less than 1min of ODPC contact with the membrane. The lipids are subsequently redistributed to liquid domains within a time course of 14-18min, reflecting that the homogenous phase was not thermodynamically stable, followed by rupture of the GUVs. A similar mechanism of action is also observed for perifosine, although to a larger extent. Therefore, the initial stage of lipid raft disruption by both ODPC and perifosine, and maybe other ALPS, by promoting lipid mixing, may be correlated with their toxicity upon neoplastic cells, since selective (dis)association of essential proteins within lipid raft microdomains must take place in the plasma membrane.
Assuntos
Glicerofosfolipídeos/química , Bicamadas Lipídicas/química , Lipídeos de Membrana/química , Microdomínios da Membrana/química , Lipossomas Unilamelares/química , Colesterol/química , Fluidez de Membrana , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Microscopia de Contraste de Fase , Modelos Químicos , Modelos Moleculares , Fosfatidilcolinas/química , Fosforilcolina/análogos & derivados , Fosforilcolina/química , Esfingomielinas/química , TermodinâmicaRESUMO
10-(Octyloxy) decyl-2-(trimethylammonium) ethyl phosphate (ODPC) is an alkylphospholipid that can interact with cell membranes because of its amphiphilic character. We describe here the interaction of ODPC with liposomes and its toxicity to leukemic cells with an ED-50 of 5.4, 5.6 and 2.9 microM for 72 h of treatment for inhibition of proliferation of NB4, U937 and K562 cell lines, respectively, and lack of toxicity to normal hematopoietic progenitor cells at concentrations up to 25 microM. The ED-50 for the non-malignant HEK-293 and primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was 63.4 and 60.7 microM, respectively. The critical micellar concentration (CMC) of ODPC was 200 microM. Dynamic light scattering indicated that dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposome size was affected only above the CMC of ODPC. Differential calorimetric scanning (DCS) of liposomes indicated a critical transition temperature (T(c)) of 41.5 degrees C and an enthalpy (H) variation of 7.3 kcal mol(-1). The presence of 25 microM ODPC decreased T(c) and H to 39.3 degrees C and 4.7 kcal mol(-1), respectively. ODPC at 250 microM destabilized the liposomes (36.3 degrees C, 0.46 kcal mol(-1)). Kinetics of 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) leakage from different liposome systems indicated that the rate and extent of CF release depended on liposome composition and ODPC concentration and that above the CMC it was instantaneous. Overall, the data indicate that ODPC acts on in vitro membrane systems and leukemia cell lines at concentrations below its CMC, suggesting that it does not act as a detergent and that this effect is dependent on membrane composition.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucemia/tratamento farmacológico , Fosfolipídeos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Leucemia/patologia , Lipossomos , Micelas , TermodinâmicaRESUMO
Sedentary time is associated with increased obesity in police officers. Caffeine intake may reduce sedentary time but it has not been extensively investigated. In the present study, the effect of caffeine ingestion on sedentary time was investigated in obese police officers. Fourteen obese police officers ingested either 5 mg/kg of caffeine or cellulose (placebo) for six days. Information on inactivity time, time spent with physical activities, self-reported perception of tiredness, and physical activity disposition was obtained daily during the intervention period. Sedentary and physical activity times were divided into two intraday periods (T1: 08:00 am-02:00 pm and T2: 02:00 pm-08:00 pm). Caffeine intake decreased the sedentary time in both T1 (79.2±2.2%) and T2 (79.1±2.5%), when compared with T2 of the placebo condition (81.1±3.6%, P<0.05). Caffeine intake also increased the time spent on light physical activities in T1 and T2 (17±2 and 18±2%), when compared with T2 of the placebo condition (16±3%, P<0.05). In addition, sedentary time increased and light physical activity time decreased from T1 to T2 in the placebo (P<0.001) but not in the caffeine condition (P=0.81). Caffeine intake had no effect on tiredness (P>0.05), but it increased the self-reported physical activity disposition compared to the placebo condition (4.5±2.7 vs 3.2±2.3 units, P<0.05). Caffeine intake reduced the sedentary time and increased the time spent on light physical activities of obese police officers, which seems to be related to a higher disposition for the practice of physical activity.
Assuntos
Cafeína , Comportamento Sedentário , Ingestão de Alimentos , Exercício Físico , Humanos , Obesidade , PolíciaRESUMO
Boar rearing, which avoids pain and suffering caused by surgical castration, provides better performance, a greater deposition of muscle tissue and leaner carcasses and thus has beneficial effects on both animal welfare and the product. Some countries that do not slaughter boars must consider their boar taint and aggressive and sexual behaviours. Considering that pigs are housed in large groups, which may complicate the formation of social hierarchies and increase fighting and mounting behaviours, some studies have conducted research with reduced numbers of pigs per pen, but these behaviours continued to be observed. However, a study of the reproductive status of pair-housed male pigs has yet to be reported. The aim of this study was to determine whether the reproductive status of uncastrated, immunocastrated and surgically castrated pair-housed male pigs alters their natural, agonistic and sexual behaviours. A total of 48 male pigs from Agroceres PIC™ genetics were assigned to three groups: surgically castrated (barrows), immunocastrated and uncastrated (boars). Natural, aggressive and sexual behaviours of the pigs were assessed by direct observations during four periods of 12â¯h each (six, five and threeâ¯weeks before slaughter and the slaughter week). The pigs were housed in pairs from the growing phase until slaughter. Animal behaviour was observed from the finishing phase to slaughter. Carcass lesions were assessed according to five different classes (one: no injury; two to five: severely injured). Overall, boars spent more time lying and less time eating and drinking than barrows. In total of all the periods (48â¯h), boars expressed more aggressive and sexual behaviours than barrows, whereas immunocastrated pigs displayed similar behaviours to boars, before and after the second vaccine dose. No differences in carcass lesions between treatments and no prevalence of carcasses with severe injuries were observed. In conclusion, the reproductive status of pair-housed male pigs did not change the natural behaviour of boars, immunocastrated pigs or barrows. The agonistic and sexual behaviours of boars and barrows remained unchanged. When housing pigs in pairs, immunocastrated pigs presented similar agonistic and sexual behaviours to boars before and after the second immunocastration vaccine dose. The use of pair-housed uncastrated male pigs has generated welfare benefits for these animals, as the number of carcasses with injuries did not differ from barrows and immunocastrated pigs.
Assuntos
Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina , Sus scrofa , Bem-Estar do Animal , Animais , Castração/veterinária , Masculino , Reprodução , SuínosRESUMO
A recent study showed transcriptional levels of interferon-inducible chemokines in peripheral blood cells were associated with disease activity and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus, and may be useful in monitoring disease activity and prognosis. Our objective was to evaluate the capacity of atorvastatin to reduce plasma levels of interferon-regulated chemokines (CCL2, CCL3 and CXCL9) and to study the correlation between these chemokines and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eighty-eight female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were divided into two groups: 64 receiving 20 mg/day of atorvastatin (intervention group) and 24 without atorvastatin (control group). All patients were followed for 8 weeks. At baseline and after 8 weeks laboratory tests were performed for all patients. Plasma levels of chemokines were measured by ELISA using commercial kits (DuoSet, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA). In a univariate analysis we found correlation between CCL2, CCL3 and CXCL9 plasma levels and SLEDAI score. In the intervention group we observed a significant decrease in CXCL9 plasma levels comparing baseline and levels at the end of the study (p = 0.04); however, no differences were observed regarding CCL2 or CCL3 plasma levels in this study. No significant difference was observed in the plasma levels of these chemokines in the control group. We conclude that treatment with atorvastatin was associated with a significant decrease in the plasma levels of CXCL9 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. As the plasma levels of CXCL9 correlated with the SLEDAI score, we ask whether reducing levels of this chemokine could help to control systemic lupus erythematosus activity.
Assuntos
Quimiocina CXCL9/sangue , Ácidos Heptanoicos/uso terapêutico , Interferons/imunologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Pirróis/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Atorvastatina , Quimiocinas/sangue , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
We investigated the effect of caffeine ingestion combined with a 2-wk sprint interval training (SIT) on training-induced reductions in body adiposity. Twenty physically-active men ingested either 5 mg/kg of cellulose as a placebo (PLA, n=10) or 5 mg/kg of caffeine (CAF, n=10) 60 min before each SIT session (13×30 s sprint/15 s of rest). Body mass and skinfold thickness were measured pre- and post-training. Energy expenditure was measured at rest, during exercise, and 45 min after exercise in the first SIT session. Body fat was similar between PLA and CAF groups at pre-training (P>0.05). However, there was a significant decrease in body fat after training in the CAF group (-5.9±4.2%, P<0.05) but not in PLA (1.5±8.0%, P>0.05). There was no difference in energy expenditure at rest and during exercise between PLA and CAF groups (P>0.05), but the post-exercise energy expenditure was 18.3±21.4% greater in the CAF than in the PLA group (P<0.05). In conclusion, caffeine ingestion before SIT sessions induced a body fat loss that may be associated with higher post-exercise energy expenditure.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Cafeína/administração & dosagem , Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos , Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade , Consumo de Oxigênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune, multisystemic disease. Currently diagnosis depends on complex criteria developed by the American College of Rheumatology. Moreover, the lack of specific biomarkers also challenges the diagnosis. METHODS: Inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-8, IP-10, MIG, MIP-1α and RANTES were measured in serum samples from SLE patients and subjects in control groups (patients with other autoimmune diseases and healthy individuals). Forty-six SLE patients (22 patients with low activity, SLEDAI-2â¯Kâ¯≤â¯4, 24 patients with moderate/high activity, SLEDAI-2â¯Kâ¯>â¯4), 42 patients with other autoimmune diseases (OAD group), and 8 healthy volunteers participated in this study. RESULTS: MIG (pâ¯<â¯.001) and RANTES (pâ¯<â¯.001) concentrations in SLE patients and healthy controls, and IP-10 concentrations in SLE patients with different disease activities (low activity, pâ¯<â¯.01, moderate/high activity, pâ¯<â¯.05) differed significantly. IL-8 (pâ¯<â¯.001) and MIP-1α (pâ¯<â¯.001) concentrations in SLE patients differed from those in patients from the OAD group. IL-8 (pâ¯<â¯.05), IP-10 (pâ¯<â¯.01), MIG (pâ¯<â¯.05), MIP-1α (pâ¯<â¯.001), and RANTES (pâ¯<â¯.05) were correlated with SLE activity; their concentrations in SLE patients with low and moderate/high activity differed significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Given the findings of this study, one can envision the possibility of future use of some of these cytokines to assist in the screening of SLE patients, or even in monitoring disease activity.
Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Citometria de Fluxo , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reduced pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) availability potentiates fat oxidation after an exhaustive high-intensity exercise bout. Eight physically active men underwent a high-intensity exercise (â¼95% VÌO2max) until exhaustion under low or high pre-exercise CHO availability. The protocol to manipulate pre-exercise CHO availability consisted of a 90-min cycling bout at â¼70% VÌO2max + 6 × 1-min at 125% VÌO2max with 1-min rest, followed by 48 h under a low- (10% CHO, low-CHO availability) or high-CHO diet (80% CHO, high-CHO availability). Time to exhaustion was shorter and energy expenditure (EE) lower during the high-intensity exercise in low- compared to high-CHO availability (8.6±0.8 and 11.4±1.6 min, and 499±209 and 677±343 kJ, respectively, P<0.05). Post-exercise EE was similar between low- and high-CHO availability (425±147 and 348±54 kJ, respectively, P>0.05), but post-exercise fat oxidation was significantly higher (P<0.05) in low- (7,830±1,864 mg) than in high-CHO availability (6,264±1,763 mg). The total EE (i.e., exercise EE plus post-exercise EE) was similar between low- and high-CHO availability (924±264 and 1,026±340 kJ, respectively, P>0.05). These results suggest that a single bout of high-intensity exercise performed under low-CHO availability increased post-exercise fat oxidation, and even with shorter exercise duration, both post-exercise EE and total EE were not impaired.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos/fisiologia , Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Esforço Físico/fisiologia , Tecido Adiposo/fisiologia , Adulto , Carboidratos da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Oxirredução , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Biological biomaterials for tissue engineering purposes can be produced through tissue and/or organ decellularization. The remaining extracellular matrix (ECM) must be acellular and preserve its proteins and physical features. Placentas are organs of great interest because they are discarded after birth and present large amounts of ECM. Protocols for decellularization are tissue-specific and have not been established for canine placentas yet. This study aimed at analyzing a favorable method for decellularization of maternal and fetal portions of canine placentas. Canine placentas were subjected to ten preliminary tests to analyze the efficacy of parameters such as the type of detergents, freezing temperatures and perfusion. Two protocols were chosen for further analyses using histology, scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence and DNA quantification. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was the most effective detergent for cell removal. Freezing placentas before decellularization required longer periods of incubation in different detergents. Both perfusion and immersion methods were capable of removing cells. Placentas decellularized using Protocol I (1% SDS, 5 mM EDTA, 50 mM TRIS, and 0.5% antibiotic) preserved the ECM structure better, but Protocol I was less efficient to remove cells and DNA content from the ECM than Protocol II (1% SDS, 5 mM EDTA, 0.05% trypsin, and 0.5% antibiotic).
Assuntos
Matriz Extracelular , Feto/citologia , Placenta/citologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Temperatura Baixa , Colágeno/análise , Cães , Ácido Edético , Feminino , Fibronectinas/análise , Imunofluorescência , Imersão , Laminina/análise , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Gravidez , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Dodecilsulfato de Sódio/farmacologia , Tensoativos/farmacologia , Engenharia Tecidual/veterináriaRESUMO
We investigated if carbohydrate (CHO) availability could affect the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after a single supramaximal exercise bout. Five physically active men cycled at 115% of peak oxygen uptake (VÌO2 peak) until exhaustion with low or high pre-exercise CHO availability. The endogenous CHO stores were manipulated by performing a glycogen-depletion exercise protocol 48 h before the trial, followed by 48 h consuming either a low- (10% CHO) or a high-CHO (80% CHO) diet regime. Compared to the low-CHO diet, the high-CHO diet increased time to exhaustion (3.0±0.6 min vs 4.4±0.6, respectively, P=0.01) and the total O2 consumption during the exercise (6.9±0.9 L and 11.3±2.1, respectively, P=0.01). This was accompanied by a higher EPOC magnitude (4.6±1.8 L vs 6.2±2.8, respectively, P=0.03) and a greater total O2 consumption throughout the session (exercise+recovery: 11.5±2.5 L vs 17.5±4.2, respectively, P=0.01). These results suggest that a single bout of supramaximal exercise performed with high CHO availability increases both exercise and post-exercise energy expenditure.
Assuntos
Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Esforço Físico/fisiologia , Adulto , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Sedentary time is associated with increased obesity in police officers. Caffeine intake may reduce sedentary time but it has not been extensively investigated. In the present study, the effect of caffeine ingestion on sedentary time was investigated in obese police officers. Fourteen obese police officers ingested either 5 mg/kg of caffeine or cellulose (placebo) for six days. Information on inactivity time, time spent with physical activities, self-reported perception of tiredness, and physical activity disposition was obtained daily during the intervention period. Sedentary and physical activity times were divided into two intraday periods (T1: 08:00 am-02:00 pm and T2: 02:00 pm-08:00 pm). Caffeine intake decreased the sedentary time in both T1 (79.2±2.2%) and T2 (79.1±2.5%), when compared with T2 of the placebo condition (81.1±3.6%, P<0.05). Caffeine intake also increased the time spent on light physical activities in T1 and T2 (17±2 and 18±2%), when compared with T2 of the placebo condition (16±3%, P<0.05). In addition, sedentary time increased and light physical activity time decreased from T1 to T2 in the placebo (P<0.001) but not in the caffeine condition (P=0.81). Caffeine intake had no effect on tiredness (P>0.05), but it increased the self-reported physical activity disposition compared to the placebo condition (4.5±2.7 vs 3.2±2.3 units, P<0.05). Caffeine intake reduced the sedentary time and increased the time spent on light physical activities of obese police officers, which seems to be related to a higher disposition for the practice of physical activity.
Assuntos
Humanos , Cafeína , Comportamento Sedentário , Exercício Físico , Polícia , Ingestão de Alimentos , ObesidadeRESUMO
We investigated the effect of caffeine ingestion combined with a 2-wk sprint interval training (SIT) on training-induced reductions in body adiposity. Twenty physically-active men ingested either 5 mg/kg of cellulose as a placebo (PLA, n=10) or 5 mg/kg of caffeine (CAF, n=10) 60 min before each SIT session (13×30 s sprint/15 s of rest). Body mass and skinfold thickness were measured pre- and post-training. Energy expenditure was measured at rest, during exercise, and 45 min after exercise in the first SIT session. Body fat was similar between PLA and CAF groups at pre-training (P>0.05). However, there was a significant decrease in body fat after training in the CAF group (−5.9±4.2%, P<0.05) but not in PLA (1.5±8.0%, P>0.05). There was no difference in energy expenditure at rest and during exercise between PLA and CAF groups (P>0.05), but the post-exercise energy expenditure was 18.3±21.4% greater in the CAF than in the PLA group (P<0.05). In conclusion, caffeine ingestion before SIT sessions induced a body fat loss that may be associated with higher post-exercise energy expenditure.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Consumo de Oxigênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Cafeína/administração & dosagem , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos , Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade , Método Duplo-CegoRESUMO
Biological biomaterials for tissue engineering purposes can be produced through tissue and/or organ decellularization. The remaining extracellular matrix (ECM) must be acellular and preserve its proteins and physical features. Placentas are organs of great interest because they are discarded after birth and present large amounts of ECM. Protocols for decellularization are tissue-specific and have not been established for canine placentas yet. This study aimed at analyzing a favorable method for decellularization of maternal and fetal portions of canine placentas. Canine placentas were subjected to ten preliminary tests to analyze the efficacy of parameters such as the type of detergents, freezing temperatures and perfusion. Two protocols were chosen for further analyses using histology, scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence and DNA quantification. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was the most effective detergent for cell removal. Freezing placentas before decellularization required longer periods of incubation in different detergents. Both perfusion and immersion methods were capable of removing cells. Placentas decellularized using Protocol I (1% SDS, 5 mM EDTA, 50 mM TRIS, and 0.5% antibiotic) preserved the ECM structure better, but Protocol I was less efficient to remove cells and DNA content from the ECM than Protocol II (1% SDS, 5 mM EDTA, 0.05% trypsin, and 0.5% antibiotic).
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Cães , Placenta/citologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Matriz Extracelular , Feto/citologia , Dodecilsulfato de Sódio/farmacologia , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Imunofluorescência , Colágeno/análise , Fibronectinas/análise , Laminina/análise , Ácido Edético , Temperatura Baixa , Engenharia Tecidual/veterinária , ImersãoRESUMO
To determine the frequency of carotid plaque and intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their association with risk factors in a Brazilian university setting. Carotid plaque and IMT were identified and measured by ultrasonography. Traditional risk factors and lupus-related factors were analysed. One hundred and seventy-two patients (women = 96%, age = 38 +/- 11 years) were evaluated. The frequency of carotid plaque was 9.3%. The median (IR) IMT was 0.60 mm (0.54-0.71 mm). Age, family history (FH) of premature coronary disease, low-density cholesterol (LDL-c) >100 mg/dL, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, postmenopause, number of risk factors, Framingham risk score, age at diagnosis, duration of lupus, mucocutaneous manifestations and duration of prednisone use were associated with plaque (P < 0.05), univariate analysis. Nephritis, immunosuppressive therapy, intravenous methylprednisolone and a higher average daily dose of prednisone were associated with the absence of plaque. Independent predictors of plaque were smoking (P = 0.004), LDL-c >100 mg/dL (P = 0.044), Framingham score (P = 0.006) and absence of immunosuppressive therapy (P = 0.032). There was an independent correlation between IMT and age (P < 0.001) and duration of prednisone use (P = 0.020). Subclinical atherosclerosis was associated with traditional risk and SLE-related factors, especially the absence of immunosuppressive therapy. The present study suggests that the levels of LDL-c should be kept under 100mg/dL in lupus.
Assuntos
Aterosclerose/diagnóstico por imagem , Aterosclerose/etiologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/etiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Adulto , Aterosclerose/patologia , Brasil , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/patologia , Estenose das Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose das Carótidas/patologia , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Risco , Túnica Íntima/diagnóstico por imagem , Túnica Íntima/patologia , Túnica Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Túnica Média/patologia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have recognized reduction in endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Evidence demonstrates that statins are able to improve endothelial function independently on their hypolipemic action. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of atorvastatin in improving vasodilation in SLE patients with and without conventional risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four SLE women, mean age 31 +/- 8 yrs, received atorvastatin 20 mg/day during 8 weeks. Thirty-one patients in this intervention group did not have conventional risk factors for CHD, while 33 others had hypertension, dyslipidaemia and/or obesity. Twenty-four SLE control patients, mean age 34 +/- 7.5 yrs, not receiving atorvastatin were followed during the same time period. High-resolution ultrasound was used to measure brachial artery diameter in resting conditions, during reactive hyperaemia and after sub-lingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Measurements were performed at baseline and at the end of the study (8 weeks). RESULTS: Atorvastatin was associated with a significant increase in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) [3.8 (2.8-7.9%) vs 6.9 (4.2-10.7%), P < 0.001] while GTN-mediated dilation (GTND) was unaffected [20.9 (16.6-26.1%) vs 20.1(16.6-25.4%), P = 0.514]. FMD increase was observed in patients with conventional risk factors [4.1 (3.1-8.7%) vs 6.5 (4-10%), P = 0.046] and also for those without conventional risk factors for CHD [3.6 (2.6-7.3%) vs 7.1 (4.5-10.9%), P = 0.001]. Resting brachial artery diameter also increased significantly in patients receiving atorvastatin (2.79 +/- 0.30 mm vs 2.92 +/- 0.40 mm, P < 0.001). No significant difference in artery diameter and FMD was seen in control patients at the end of the study. When compared to the control patients, atorvastatin treatment was associated with significant increase in resting diameter (+0.13 +/- 0.1 mm vs -0.02 +/- 0.07 mm, P < 0.001) and FMD (+1.9 +/- 3.9% vs -0.3 +/- 1.8%, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that an 8-week 20 mg/day atorvastatin series improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation in SLE patients independently on the presence of conventional risk factors for atherosclerotic disease.
Assuntos
Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Heptanoicos/farmacologia , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/farmacologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/fisiopatologia , Pirróis/farmacologia , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Atorvastatina , Artéria Braquial/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Braquial/efeitos dos fármacos , Artéria Braquial/fisiopatologia , Doença das Coronárias/etiologia , Doença das Coronárias/prevenção & controle , Endotélio Vascular/diagnóstico por imagem , Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Ácidos Heptanoicos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico por imagem , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Pirróis/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Este experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Sericicultura, no Campus Sede da Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) de Umuarama, no período de 17/09/2009 a 17/10/2009, com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da própolis em diferentes dosagens na alimentação durante o desenvolvimento biológico do bicho-da-seda (Bombxy mori L). O método empregado na parte experimental foi a pulverização do extrato alcoólico de própolis, diluído em 500 mL de água destilada nas folhas de amoreira, nas seguintes dosagens, água-controle, 5mL, 10mL, 15mL e 20mL compondo os tratamentos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectivamente. As folhas de amoreira foram fornecidas cinco vezes ao dia, durante o manejo alimentar. Verificou-se pelos resultados obtidos, que as diferentes dosagens de própolis utilizadas interferem no ganho de peso das lagartas, no peso dos casulos verdes e crisálidas quando comparado ao tratamento controle, influenciando também no número de casulos formados e, para os teores de seda bruto e líquido não apresentaram resultados significativos, quando comparados com o tratamento controle. Portanto, verificou-se que a própolis, nas dosagens utilizadas, não trouxe efeitos depressivos à biologia e produção do bicho-da-seda.
This experiment was conducted at the Sericulture Laboratory, in the Campus Sede of the Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) in Umuarama, from 17/09/2009 to 17/10/2009, in order to verify the effects of propolis in different dosages during the development of silkworm (Bombyx mori L). The method used during the experiment was the dillution of an alcohoolic solution of propolis, in 500 mL of destilled water with its further pulverization on mullberry leaves, with the following doses: water control; 5 mL; 10 mL; 15 mL; 20 mL, composing the following treatments: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectively. The mullberry leaves were sprinkled five times a day, during the feed management. It was verified by the results that the different doses of propolis used interfere with gain-weight of the larvae, weight of cocoons and chrysalis, when compared to control. The treatment also influenced the number of cocoons formed. The contento fraw and liquid silk were not significant when compared with the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the propolis, used in those dosages, brought no depressive effects to the development and the production of silkworm.
Este experimento se realizó en el Laboratorio de Sericicultura del Campus Sede de la Universidad Paranaense (UNIPAR) de Umuarama, en el período de 17/09/2009 a 17/10/2009, con el objetivo de verificar el efecto de propóleos en diferentes dosis en la alimentación durante el desarrollo biológico del gusano de seda (Bombyx mori L.). El método usado en la parte experimental fue la pulverización del extracto alcohólico de propóleos, diluido en 500 ml de agua destilada en las hojas de morera, en las siguientes dosis: agua control, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml y 20 ml componiendo los tratamientos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectivamente. Las hojas de morera fueron suministradas cinco veces al día, durante el manejo alimentar. Por los resultados obtenidos se verificó que las dosis diferentes de propóleos utilizadas interfieren en el gano de peso de los gusanos, en el peso de los capullos verdes y crisálidas cuando comparado al tratamiento control, influenciando también en el número de capullos formados y, para contenidos de seda bruta y líquida no presentan resultados significativos, mientras comparado con el tratamiento control. Sin embargo, se puede verificar que propóleos, en dosis utilizadas, no trajo efectos depresivos a la biología y producción del gusano.