RESUMO
Therapeutic re-challenge is currently a debated issue in the field of multiple myeloma (MM), given the recent availability of several new drugs and combinations. However, very few specific evidences are available about bortezomib re-use at first relapse. This multicenter, observational, retrospective study enrolled 134 MM patients with significant response after bortezomib-based frontline regimens and who had received a first salvage treatment containing bortezomib at relapse. The overall response rate was 71%, including 40% partial responses, 24% very good partial responses, and 7% complete responses. Re-treatment was well-tolerated, with no significant new or unexpected toxicities observed. The median duration of second progression-free survival (PFS) was 15 months, while median PFS2 was 55 months. With a median follow-up of 56 months, overall survival was 94 months for the entire series, without significant differences between patients undergoing or not undergoing transplant procedures. This real-life survey indicates that re-treatment including bortezomib as a first salvage therapy could be still considered in MM patients achieving durable response after initial exposure to bortezomib.
Assuntos
Bortezomib/administração & dosagem , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiplo/mortalidade , Terapia de Salvação , Idoso , Bortezomib/efeitos adversos , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
Single-agent bortezomib (B) has shown activity in heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory indolent lymphoma. On the basis of these findings, we performed a phase II study of B combined with rituximab (R) in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma (FL). Forty-five patients with fairly good prognostic profiles were enrolled from 2007 to 2011 and received a total of 6 cycles of the B+R combination. The endpoints were the overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of remission (DoR), overall survival (OS), and toxicity evaluation. When considering all the enrolled patients the ORR was 64%. At 5 years, the estimated PFS, DoR, and OS were 34, 49, and 70%, respectively. After excluding the 7 R-naïve patients, the ORR was 58%, with a PFS of 19 months. The most common grade >2 toxicities were thrombocytopenia (18%), peripheral neuropathy (13%), and neutropenia (2%). Our study shows the feasibility, long-term efficacy, and excellent tolerability of the B+R combination. We are aware that our study has specific limitations, such as the small sample size consisting of patients with a relatively good prognostic profile. However, because FL patients will be treated with subsequent chemotherapy regimens, a well-tolerated and effective chemotherapy-free therapy could be considered an additional tool for long-term disease control.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Bortezomib/administração & dosagem , Linfoma Folicular/tratamento farmacológico , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Bortezomib/efeitos adversos , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Linfoma Folicular/diagnóstico , Linfoma Folicular/mortalidade , Linfoma Folicular/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neutropenia/diagnóstico , Neutropenia/etiologia , Neutropenia/patologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/etiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/patologia , Recidiva , Rituximab/efeitos adversos , Análise de Sobrevida , Trombocitopenia/diagnóstico , Trombocitopenia/etiologia , Trombocitopenia/patologiaRESUMO
Endocytosis is the major regulator process of tyrosine kinase receptor (RTK) functional activities. Bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) is a key protein involved in RTK intracellular trafficking. Here, we report, by studying 34 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) at diagnosis, that BIN1 gene is downregulated in CML as compared to healthy controls, suggesting an altered endocytosis of RTKs. Rab interactor 1 (RIN1), an activator of BIN1, displayed a similar behavior. Treatment of 57 patients by tyrosine kinase inhibitors caused, along with BCR-ABL1 inactivation, an increase of BIN1 and RIN1 expression, potentially restoring endocytosis. There was a significant inverse correlation between BIN1-RIN1 and BCR-ABL1 expression. In vitro experiments on both CML and nontumorigenic cell lines treated with Imatinib confirmed these results. In order to provide another proof in favor of BIN1 and RIN1 endocytosis function in CML, we demonstrated that Imatinib induced, in K562 cell line, BIN1-RIN1 upregulation accompanied by a parallel AXL receptor internalization into cytoplasmic compartment. This study shows a novel deregulated mechanism in CML patients, indicating BIN1 and RIN1 as players in the maintenance of the abnormal RTK signaling in this hematological disease.
Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/metabolismo , Regulação Leucêmica da Expressão Gênica , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/genética , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Endocitose , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Células K562 , Leucócitos Mononucleares/citologia , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/genética , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Regulação para Cima , Receptor Tirosina Quinase AxlRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Azacitidine is the standard of care for higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We evaluated factors affecting the outcome of azacitidine treatment in 196 'real-world' patients, retrospectively collected by two Italian cooperative groups. METHODS: The study included 184 MDS and 12 low blast count acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Azacitidine was administered at the standard dose of 75 mg/m(2)/d for 7 d (SD) in 163 patients and 100 mg/d for 5-7 d in 33 patients. RESULTS: After a median of 4.5 azacitidine cycles (range 7-15 cycles), 182 patients were evaluable for response. Nineteen percent achieved complete remission (CR), 17% partial remission (PR), and 21% hematological improvement (HI). The disease was stable or progressive in 29% and 14% of patients, respectively. The probability of response was significantly higher in patients who received the 75 mg/m(2)/7 d compared with 100 mg through 5-7 d dose (CR/PR/HI: 63 vs. 29%, P = 0.0005). Median overall survival was 17.1 months. Low MDS-CI and achievement of CR/PR/HI were significant predictors of survival in the multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that maximal azacitidine efficacy is associated with the standard dose and with prolonged treatment, beyond 4-6 cycles, with the goal of also improving the 'quality' of response. Lower MDS-CI and IPSS-R scores, hematologic response and disease stability, are associated with longer survival. The risk of febrile events is highest during the first treatment cycles and is associated with active disease.
Assuntos
Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Azacitidina/uso terapêutico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Contagem de Células , Gerenciamento Clínico , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/diagnóstico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/mortalidade , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
We compared the health-related quality-of-life of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma aged over 65 years or transplant-ineligible in the pivotal, phase III FIRST trial. Patients received: i) continuous lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone until disease progression; ii) fixed cycles of lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone for 18 months; or iii) fixed cycles of melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide for 18 months. Data were collected using the validated questionnaires (QLQ-MY20, QLQ-C30, and EQ-5D). The analysis focused on the EQ-5D utility value and six domains pre-selected for their perceived clinical relevance. Lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone, and melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide improved patients' health-related quality-of-life from baseline over the duration of the study across all pre-selected domains of the QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D. In the QLQ-MY20, lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in the Disease Symptoms domain compared with melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide at Month 3, and significantly lower scores for QLQ-MY20 Side Effects of Treatment at all post-baseline assessments except Month 18. Linear mixed-model repeated-measures analyses confirmed the results observed in the cross-sectional analysis. Continuous lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone delays disease progression versus melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide and has been associated with a clinically meaningful improvement in health-related quality-of-life. These results further establish continuous lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone as a new standard of care for initial therapy of myeloma by demonstrating superior health-related quality-of-life during treatment, compared with melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Nível de Saúde , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Lenalidomida , Masculino , Melfalan/administração & dosagem , Mieloma Múltiplo/psicologia , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Talidomida/administração & dosagem , Talidomida/análogos & derivadosRESUMO
Deferasirox (DFX) is an orally administered iron chelator approved for use in patients with transfusion-dependent iron overload due to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The safety and efficacy of DFX has been explored in clinical trial settings, but there is little data on unselected patients with MDS. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the safety, compliance, efficacy and effect on haematopoiesis of DFX in a large 'real-world' MDS population. One hundred and eighteen patients with transfusion-dependent MDS were treated with DFX across 11 centres in Italy. Serum ferritin levels, haematological response, dosing, adverse events and transfusion dependence were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months following initiation of treatment. DFX reduced mean serum ferritin levels from 1790 to 1140 ng/mL (P < 0.001), with 7.1% of patients achieving transfusion independence. Significant haematological improvement was seen in erythroid (17.6%), platelet (5.9%) and neutrophil counts (7.1%). Adverse events were reported in 47.5% of patients, including gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. Regression analysis showed that higher starting doses of DFX are associated with transfusion independence at 24 months. DFX is a safe, effective treatment for transfusion-dependent MDS that can lead to transfusion independence and haematological improvement in a subset of patients.
Assuntos
Benzoatos/uso terapêutico , Quelantes de Ferro/uso terapêutico , Sobrecarga de Ferro/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/terapia , Sistema de Registros , Reação Transfusional , Triazóis/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Deferasirox , Feminino , Ferritinas/sangue , Hematopoese/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Ferro/sangue , Sobrecarga de Ferro/sangue , Sobrecarga de Ferro/etiologia , Sobrecarga de Ferro/patologia , Itália , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/sangue , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Recent studies have described chromosome 2p gain as a recurrent lesion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We investigated the 2p gain and its relationship with common prognostic biomarkers in a prospective series of 69 clinical monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (cMBL) and 218 early stage (Binet A) CLL patients. The 2p gain was detected by FISH in 17 patients (6%, 16 CLL, and 1 cMBL) and further characterized by single nucleotide polymorphism-array. Overall, unfavorable cytogenetic deletions, i.e., del(11)(q23) and del(17)(p13) (P = 0.002), were significantly more frequent in 2p gain cases, as well as unmutated status of IGHV (P < 1 × 10(-4) ) and CD38 (P < 1 × 10(-4) ) and ZAP-70 positive expression (P = 0.003). Furthermore, 2p gain patients had significantly higher utilization of stereotyped B-cell receptors compared with 2p negative patients (P = 0.009), and the incidence of stereotyped subset #1 in 2p gain patients was significantly higher than that found in the remaining CLLs (P = 0.031). Transcriptional profiling analysis identified several genes significantly upregulated in 2p gain CLLs, most of which mapped to 2p. Among these, NCOA1 and ROCK2 are known for their involvement in tumor progression in several human cancers, whereas among those located in different chromosomes, CAV1 at 7q31.1 has been recently identified to play a critical role in CLL progression. Thus, 2p gain can be present since the early stages of the disease, particularly in those cases characterized by other poor prognosis markers. The finding of genes upregulated in the cells with 2p gain provides new insights to define the pathogenic role of this lesion.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Cromossomos Humanos Par 2/metabolismo , Regulação Leucêmica da Expressão Gênica , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/metabolismo , Linfocitose/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 2/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 7/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 7/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/genética , Linfocitose/diagnóstico , Linfocitose/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Regulação para Cima/genéticaRESUMO
Total body computed tomography (TB-CT) scan is not mandatory in the diagnostic/staging algorithm of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this study was to determine the value and prognostic significance of TB-CT scan in early stage CLL patients. Baseline TB-CT scan was performed in 240 Binet stage A CLL patients (179 Rai low- and 61 Rai intermediate-risk) included in a prospective multicenter observational study (clinicaltrial.gov ID:NCT00917549). The cohort included 69 clinical monoclonal B lymphocytosis (cMBLs). Patients were restaged considering only radiological data. Following TB-CT scans, 20% of cases reclassified as radiologic Binet (r-Binet) stage B. r-Binet B patients showed a higher incidence of unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities (P = 0.027), as well as a shorter PFS (P = 0.001). At multivariate analysis, r-Binet stage [HR = 2.48; P = 0.004] and IGHV mutational status [HR = 3.01; P = 0.002] retained an independent predictive value for PFS. Among 179 Rai low-risk cases, 100 were redefined as r-Rai intermediate-risk based upon TB-CT scan data, showing a higher rate of cases with higher ZAP-70 (P = 0.033) and CD38 expression (P = 0.029) and ß2-microglobulin levels (P < 0.0001), as well as a shorter PFS than those with r-Rai low-risk (P = 0.008). r-Rai stage [HR = 2.78; P = 0.046] and IGHV mutational status [HR = 4.25; P = 0.009] retained a significant predictive value for PFS at multivariate analysis. Forty-two percent of cMBL patients were reclassified as r-small lymphocytic lymphomas (r-SLLs) by TB-CT scan. TB-CT scan appears to provide relevant information in early stage CLL related to the potential and the timing of patients to progress towards the more advanced disease stages.
Assuntos
Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Linfocitose/diagnóstico , ADP-Ribosil Ciclase 1/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Linfócitos B/metabolismo , Linfócitos B/patologia , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico por imagem , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/genética , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/patologia , Linfocitose/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfocitose/genética , Linfocitose/patologia , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Análise de Sobrevida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Proteína-Tirosina Quinase ZAP-70/genética , Microglobulina beta-2/genéticaRESUMO
The term "phacomatosis" refers to a growing number of sporadic genetic skin disorders characterized by the combination of two or more different nevi and possibly resulting from non-allelic twin spotting. While phacomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV) and pigmentokeratotica represent the most common patterns, some patients do not fit with either condition and are temporarily classified as unique phenotypes. We report on an 8-year-old boy with striking right hemihypoplasia, resulting in limb asymmetry and fixed dislocation of right hip. Skin on the affected side showed three distinct nevi: (i) A whorled, hairless nevus of the scalp in close proximity with (ii) epidermal hyperpigmentation following lines of Blaschko on the neck and right upper limb, and (iii) multiple telangiectatic nevi of the right lower limb and hemiscrotum. Didymosis atricho-melanotica was proposed for the combination of adjacent patchy congenital alopecia and linear hyperpigmentation, while phacomatosis atricho-pigmento-vascularis appears to define the entire cutaneous phenotype, thus implying the involvement of three neighboring loci influencing the development of distinct constituents of the skin. Given the striking asymmetry of the observed phenotype, the effect of mosaicism (either genomic or functional) for a mutation in a single gene with pleiotropic action and influenced by the lateralization pattern of early development cannot be excluded.
Assuntos
Hiperpigmentação/patologia , Deformidades Congênitas das Extremidades Inferiores/patologia , Síndromes Neurocutâneas/diagnóstico , Síndromes Neurocutâneas/patologia , Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Telangiectasia/patologia , Criança , Hamartoma/genética , Hamartoma/patologia , Hemangioma/genética , Hemangioma/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Nevo Pigmentado/genética , Nevo Pigmentado/patologia , Deformidades Congênitas das Extremidades Superiores/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Measurement of serum cobalamin (Cbl) levels is the standard investigation for assessing vitamin B12 deficiency. Falsely increased values of Cbl can be caused by alcoholic liver disease. Measurement of total vitamin B12 serum levels might be misleading in alcoholics, because a tissue metabolic deficiency is possible even with normal serum Cbl levels. Holotranscobalamin (HoloTC), the Cbl metabolically active fraction, is considered as a better index of vitamin B12 deficiency. METHODS: For assessing vitamin B12 status, we evaluated 22 adult alcoholic male patients by measuring in parallel serum Cbl, serum folate and red blood cell folate levels, HoloTC levels by the AxSYM assay. RESULTS. HoloTC values were reduced in 3 alcoholics with borderline-low Cbl values. Significant positive correlations were found between serum Cbl and HoloTC levels, serum Cbl and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). CONCLUSION: HoloTC measurement is a useful option for assessing vitamin B12 status in alcoholics, particularly in the subjects with borderline Cbl values and may be considered an early marker of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Transcobalaminas/metabolismo , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Alcoolismo/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radioimunoensaio , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/complicaçõesRESUMO
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by recurrent chromosomal aberrations of prognostic significance. We aimed to evaluate the potential of the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay to detect genomic alterations in CLL. Highly purified (>90%) peripheral mononuclear CD19+ cell populations from 100 untreated CLL patients (pts) in early stage disease (Binet stage A) were included in this study. All samples were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the presence of trisomy 12 and 17p13.1, 11q22.3, and 13q14.3 deletions. For MPLA analysis, DNA was amplified by means of two commercially available probes sets allowing the simultaneous screening of 56 genomic sequences. Overall, a high degree of concordance (95%) between MPLA and FISH results was found, if the abnormal clone was present in more than 30% of the leukemic cell population. The use of multiple MPLA probes allowed the fine-mapping of the 13q14 deletion and the identification of intragenic or small alterations undetected by FISH. Moreover, additional alterations in 2p24 (MYCN) (3 pts), 8q24 (MYC) (1 pt), 9p21 (CDKN2A2B) (1 pt), 1q21 (LMNA) (1 pt), and 6q25-26 (1 pt) regions not covered by a standard FISH assay were detected and all confirmed by FISH. Our data extend previously limited evidence that MLPA may represent a useful technique for the characterization of well-known lesions as well as the investigation of additional genomic changes in CLL.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos CD19/metabolismo , Deleção Cromossômica , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11 , Cromossomos Humanos Par 12 , Cromossomos Humanos Par 13 , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17 , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/patologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , TrissomiaRESUMO
Therapeutic plasma exchange (PE) is the accepted therapy for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Because not all patients achieve remission, other treatment modalities have been used in addition to PE, but no randomized clinical trial evaluated their efficacy. The aim of this multicentric study was to compare the effectiveness of standard- versus high-dose methylprednisolone as an adjunctive treatment to PE in the acute phase of TTP. Sixty patients with idiopathic TTP were randomized to receive methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/die intravenous or 10 mg/kg/die for 3 days, thereafter, 2.5 mg/kg/die in addition to PE. Both dosages of steroids were well tolerated. At the end of induction therapy (day 23), the percentage of patients failing to achieve complete remission was significantly higher in the standard dose (16 of 30) than in the high-dose group (seven of 30). Also, the number of cases without a good response at day 9 and the number of deaths were higher in the standard-dose arm, but the differences did not reach the statistical significance. Results of present study indicate that the association of PE with high-dose instead of standard-dose steroids reduces the percentage of TTP patients that fail to achieve complete remission.
Assuntos
Reação de Fase Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagem , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/tratamento farmacológico , Reação de Fase Aguda/mortalidade , Adulto , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/imunologia , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/mortalidade , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare, life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy caused by severe ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13) deficiency, recurring in 30-50% of patients. The common human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variant rs6903608 was found to be associated with prevalent iTTP, but whether this variant is associated with disease relapse is unknown. To estimate the impact of rs6903608 on iTTP onset and relapse, we performed a case-control and cohort study in 161 Italian patients with a first iTTP episode between 2002 and 2018, and in 456 Italian controls. Variation in rs6903608 was strongly associated with iTTP onset (homozygotes odds ratio (OR) 4.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.67 to 8.23); heterozygotes OR 1.64 (95%CI 0.95 to 2.83)), which occurred over three years earlier for each extra risk allele (ß -3.34, 95%CI -6.69 to 0.02). Of 153 survivors (median follow-up 4.9 years (95%CI 3.7 to 6.1)), 44 (29%) relapsed. The risk allele homozygotes had a 46% (95%CI 36 to 57%) absolute risk of relapse by year 6, which was significantly higher than both heterozygotes (22% (95%CI 16 to 29%)) and reference allele homozygotes (30% (95%CI 23 to 39%)). In conclusion, HLA variant rs6903608 is a risk factor for both iTTP onset and relapse. This newly identified biomarker may help with recognizing patients at high risk of relapse, who would benefit from close monitoring or intensified immunosuppressive therapy.
RESUMO
We describe a patient with fever, pancytopenia, and hepato-splenomegaly associated with the finding of neoplastic lymphoid cells and histiocytes with hemophagocytosis in the peripheral smear; the diagnostic features were suggestive for a biological overlap between a large B-cell lymphoma with intravascular involvement and the Asian variant of intravascular B-cell lymphoma.
RESUMO
Rituximab® provides high response rates and effective disease palliation in patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL). We conducted a phase II trial in patients with SMZL who were either untreated or were splenectomized but had shown disease progression within 1 year after splenectomy. Treatment consisted of six courses of Rituximab with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and prednisone (R-COMP). Fifty-one patients were eligible for the analysis. The overall response rate was 84%. The 6-year progression-free survival and overall survival were 54% and 72%, respectively. Toxicity was substantial (grade≥3 neutropenia: 26%; grade≥3 infections: 8%). Of the 15 deaths, two occurred on treatment (one sepsis and one pneumonia). Six deaths were due to lymphoma progression, four to secondary neoplasia, one to sepsis, one to pneumonia and one to splenectomy complications. R-COMP should be restricted to patients with bulky disease associated with symptoms or to patients with possible histological transformation.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Linfoma de Células B/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esplênicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esplênicas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores , Biópsia , Medula Óssea/patologia , Causas de Morte , Terapia Combinada , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/análogos & derivados , Feminino , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Itália , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Linfoma de Células B/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polietilenoglicóis/administração & dosagem , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Prognóstico , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Esplênicas/mortalidade , Resultado do Tratamento , Vincristina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
We investigated the prevalence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in 9650 relatives of 510 CLL patients from 5 different regions (Apulia, Basilicata, Campania, Calabria, and Sicily) of Southern Italy. Data collection included a family history questionnaire. In our series of 510 CLL patients, 53 families with 2 or more individuals who had chronic lymphoproliferative disease (CLD) or other hematological malignancies were identified. In these families, 27 cases of CLL, 10 of indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 7 of multiple myeloma were identified in relatives of CLL probands. Twenty-two relatives developed hematological malignancies other than CLD (19, acute leukemia; 3, chronic myeloid leukemia). In this study the prevalence of CLD in relatives of 510 CLL patients was 8.6% (44/510), and the prevalence of CLL in the same series was 5.2% (27/ 510). Considering the presence of clusters of individuals with hematological malignancies, overall our series contained 4 families showing a cluster with more than 2 cases. The most frequent pattern of affected family members was represented by 39 families (39/53 [73%]) with affected siblings or cousins only. Twenty siblings had CLL. The other families showed a multigenerational pattern with an affected parent-offspring relationship in only 11 (21%) of the cases and with a combination of the first 2 categories in 3 (6%) of the families. In 8 families belonging to both the last 2 mentioned groups, the affected offspring had an earlier disease onset than their parents, suggesting anticipation. We estimated the size and examined the pattern of familial aggregation of hematological malignancies, in particular CLL/CLD, in a specific geographical area. CLL was the most frequent disease in relatives, mainly siblings, of our CLL patients. Our results may be a contribution to the characterization of the epidemiological distribution pattern of CLL.
Assuntos
Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Antecipação Genética , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Neoplasias Hematológicas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Hematológicas/genética , Humanos , Padrões de Herança , Itália/epidemiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Irmãos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
In 2003 the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL) started a clinical research program for investigating initial treatment of frail elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) identified by Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). From 2003 to 2006, 334 elderly patients underwent CGA assessment, and 99 patients were classified as frail. Frail patients had a median age of 78 years, stage III-IV disease in 62% and age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aaIPI) of 2-3 in 53%. Treatment consisted of several different regimens according to physician discretion. After a median follow-up of 36 months, 5-year overall survival (OS) was 28%. In multivariate analysis, aaIPI 2-3 (p = 0.005) and the presence of respiratory comorbidity (p = 0.044) were the only factors that showed independent correlation with OS. Frail patients had a poorer outcome compared with fit patients also if they were treated with rituximab-containing combination chemotherapy (hazard ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.48-3.78; p < 0.001). CGA is a valid tool to prospectively identify frail subjects among elderly patients with DLBCL.
Assuntos
Idoso Fragilizado , Avaliação Geriátrica , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/terapia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Comorbidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Itália , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Masculino , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is common in patients with cancer and its use is steadily increasing over time. We performed a multicenter survey in which the use of CAM in 442 Italian patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the commonest form of leukemia in Western countries, was assessed. Data were collected by means of a face-to-face standardized questionnaire with several items. Mean age was 69 years; 258 patients (58%) were male and 184 (42%) female. Seventy-three patients (16.5%) were found to be CAM users. The most common CAM therapies were green tea, aloe formulations and high dose vitamins. Predictors of CAM use were female gender, younger age, higher education level, internet availability and newspaper reading. The reasons for CAM popularity among these patients are complex. Given the number of patients combining therapy with CAM and its possible drug interactions, doctor interest as well as patient education about CAM should be improved.
Assuntos
Terapias Complementares , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/epidemiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Geografia , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosAssuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia de Salvação , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Talidomida/administração & dosagem , Talidomida/análogos & derivadosRESUMO
We conducted a prospective study to compare epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, prednisone and rituximab (R-miniCEOP) with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and rituximab (R-CHOP) for the treatment of "fit" elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Patients over the age of 65 with stage II-IV DLBCL were screened with a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Patients were randomized to receive six courses of R-miniCEOP (n = 114) or R-CHOP (n = 110). Overall, the rate of complete remission was 70% (p = 0.466). After a median follow-up of 42 months, 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rates were 46% and 48% for R-miniCEOP and R-CHOP, respectively (p = 0.538). Patients older than 72 years and with low-risk disease had a better outcome when treated with R-miniCEOP (p = 0.011). Overall R-CHOP and R-miniCEOP are similarly effective for elderly "fit" patients with DLBCL. The less intense R-miniCEOP may be an acceptable option for the treatment of relatively older patients with low-risk disease.