Motion-induced interruptions and postural equilibrium in linear lateral accelerations.

This study assesses lateral tipping motion-induced interruptions (MIIs) in a simulated motion environment. The objective is to revisit MII occurrence and sway motion relationship by focusing on the frequency and acceleration of the lateral motion stimulus. Results verify that MIIs increase with increasing peak sway acceleration, but the effect of sway frequency is not as clear as that of acceleration. Complex multidirectional motions create more tipping MIIs than unidirectional motion. Research should incorporate acceleration, frequency and motion complexity as factors influencing MII occurrence. To describe a temporary loss of balance without tipping, the term 'probable' MII is introduced. This term fills the gap between the theoretical definition and a human-centred perception of an MII where loss of balance is not a binary phenomenon. The 'probable' MIIs were 16-67% more common than the 'definite' MIIs. The developed mathematical model of MII occurrence versus sway acceleration (amplitude, frequency) approximated the observed MIIs with less than 9% difference.

Indications and methods of care for aspects of extraoral osseointegration.

The introduction of percutaneous osseointegration biotechnology in 1979 to head and neck reconstruction permanently revised the long held view that a facial prosthesis was a last resort for the patient and surgeon alike. Since that time, the use of extraoral osseointegration has expanded considerably. The present review of the literature considers indications and methods of care for aspects of extraoral osseointegration as it relates to facial prosthetics. The clinical literature reviewed was graded for hierarchy of strength of evidence according to the Bandolier system. Almost all literature reviewed was of the lowest level of strength of evidence. Consequently, clinicians are advised to be cautious in applying the evidence to patients.