[Oral cavity features in patients suffering from osteogenesis imperfecta].

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare hereditary connective tissue disorder. This pathology is characterized by disruption of biosynthesis of Type I collagen, and production of limited amount of defective and imperfect collagens. This causes decrease in bone mass of human body, bones become fragile and brittle, resulting in unreasonable multiple fractures. Reportedly, number of patients with OI ranges between 32-38 in Georgia. However, exact number of patients, including children and their parents, is unknown. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DI; DGI) and skeletal malocclusion occupy special place in varied spectrum of OI clinical symptoms. We studied 14 patients: 9 women (64.3%), 5 men (35.7%) and divided them in three age groups: I - 2.5-6 years - period of primary dentition (28.6%), II - 6-14 years - period of changing teeth dentition (35.7%) and III - above 14 years - period of permanent dentition (35.7%). 28.5% of screened patients had one of the symptoms of DI, such as tooth discoloration. Discoloration of primary teeth was revealed in 4 patients (primary dentition). Another symptom of DI, such as early abrasion, was detected in 5 patients i.e. 35.71%. This was divided in the following manner: I age group - 3 cases, II and III age groups - 1-1 cases. It was also observed that early abrasion of primary teeth prevails over permanent. One of DI's radiographic symptoms, such as peculiar form of teeth crown and root, was revealed in 21.4% or in 3 patients, 2 of whom had bulbous crown, and the third one deformed (curved) root. Peculiar characteristics of DI, such as increased constriction of the coronal-radicular junction, obliterated pulp chamber, short and narrow roots, were not observed in the patients examined. Interesting characteristic of DI, such as periapical destruction of intact tooth root, was revealed in the form of bone defect in 7.1% of those examined (1 patient). Therefore, out of examined 14 patients with OI - DI had 6 patients or 42.85% of cases. Also, interesting observation was revealed - DI is more common in primary teeth (66.66%) than in permanent (33.33%). Radiographic examination - orthopantomography - revealed secondary osteoporosis of jaw bones in 100% of cases. Mucous tissue of examined patients is within normal range. Among examined patients, 1 case of adenty, 1 case of retention and 1 case of overcomplex tooth were revealed. According to current literature, it is unknown whether there is a lgical relationship between adenty, retention, overcomplex teeth and OI. This will be defined by future research.

[Markers of periodontal diseases and sensitivity to taromentine in patients with aggressive periodontitis].

The aim of the research was to study sensitivity of specific microorganisms from the periodontal pockets of patients with rapidly progressive periodontal disease to Taromentine. 95 patients aged 21 to 35 years (50 women (52,6+/-33,62) and 45 men (47,36+/-3,62)) with rapidly progressive form of periodontal desease were observed. Porphiromonas gingivalis was identifide in 83 out of 95 patients (87,36+/-2,06). Prevotella intermedia - in 31 patients (32,6+/-2,750); Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans - in 23 patients (24,2+/-2,050); Bacteroides forsythus - in 19 patients (20,0+/-2,360); Treponema denticola - in 16 patients (16,84+/-2,190); Candida - in 11 patients (11,57+/-1,80). The sensitivity of all cultures to Taromentine was investigated: 134 (77,9+/-1,89) out of 183 identified markers demonstrated sensitivity to Taromentine. Demostrated sensitivity to Taromentine: 64 (37,2+/-1,06) out of 83 identified cultures of Porphiromonas gingivalis, 24 (13,95+/-1,85) out of 31 identified cultures of Prevotela intermedia, 18 (10,47+/-1,05) out of 23 identified cultures of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, 15 (8,7+/-1,86) out of 19 identified cultures of Bacteroides forsythus, and 13 (7,84+/-1,09) out of 16 identified cultures of Treponema denticola. Totally 38 (22,1+/-1,59) out of 172 identified periodontal markers demonstrated resistence to Taromentine. The results of analysis showed that Taromentine could be recommended in complex treatment of periodontal diseases.

[Root canal treatment at pulpitis, periodontitis using ultrasound].

The aim of our research was the clinical estimation of ultrasound efficiency during root canal treatment at pulpitis, periodontitis. 446 root canals of 164 single and multi-rooted teeth were used for this study. Teeth were treated and monitored for 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 1 year, 1,5 year, 2 year. All teeth with periapical destructive changes had periapical destructive lesions in x-ray imaging. Patients were divided into two groups. Endodontic treatment of first group combined mechanical and chemical processing with ultrasound divise Pieson Master-400, Endosonore profiles, sodium hypochlorite (NAOCI) +canal lubricant (EDTA). In a second group we used the traditional layout of treatment pulpitis end periodontitis. According to our results, in a first group the X-ray improvement was - after 3 months in I group in 53 (64,6+/-0,7%) patients, in the II group - 44 (53,65+/-2,3%); after 6 months in the I group - 59 (71,9+/-2,2%), in the II group - 56 (68,29+/-0,54%); after 9 months in the I group - 62 (75,6+/-0,56%), in the II group - 56 (68,29+/-0,54%); after 1 year in the I group - 70 (85,36+/-0,18%), in the II group - 63 (76,83+/-0,53%); after 1,5 year in the I group - 76 (92,68+/-2,8%), in the II group - 65 (79,26+/-0,5%); after 2 years in the I group - 77 (93,9+/-2,7%), in the II group - 65 (79,27+/-2,11%). We can conclude, that the ultrasound preparation of the root canal leads us to the considerable lowering of complication of endodontic treatment, though doesn't guarantee their complete absence. In the end we can resume that the usage of ultrasound preparation during endodontic treatment considerably exceed the effectiveness of chemical irrigation of root canal. That is because of its bactericide effect, opening and cleaning root canal system, creation favorable conditions for hermetic filling of root canal after removal of smear line.

[Comparative estimation of laser devices in complex treatment of oral cavity mucous membrane diseases].

The aim of the study was to compare laser devices "Optodan" and portative laser "Baure" in complex treatment of oral cavity mucous membrane diseases. We studied 90 patients: 54 female (60,0+/-0,77%) and 36 (30,0+/-0,7%) men from 18 to 45 years old. All patients had different forms of oral mucosal diseases: Stomatitis aphtosa chronica recidiva had 36 patients (28,9+/-0,9%); Erythema exudativum multiforme - 10 patients (6,7+/-1,5%), Candidosis angulitis - 26 patients (17,8+/-1,46%), Lichen ruber planus ulceroza - 4 patients (4,44+/-1,03%), Trauma mechanicum acutium - 12 patients (11,06+/-2,8%), Stomatitis herpetica - 28 patients (31,1+/-1,48%). All the patients were practically healthy and had no contraindications for physiotherapy. Before treatment to all patients had been recommended means of individual hygiene and several recommendations. The patients were divided into two groups. Every group consisted of 45 patients. 13 patients with Stomatitis aphtosa chronica recidiva, 14 - Stomatitis herpetica, 3 - Erythema exudativum multiforme, 8 - Candidosis angulitis, 2 - Lichen ruber planus ulceroza, 5 - Trauma mechanicum acutium. All the patients underwent symptomatic treatment according to the form and gravity of disease. Patients in a first group in addition had laserotherapy with a laser device "Optodan". Patients in a second group underwent laserotherapy with a portative device (Baurer). The positive results were achieved in both groups, though the first group patients mentioned considerable reduce of pain right after procedures. Our research proved the high effectiveness of laserotherapy in complex treatment of oral cavity mucous membrane diseases. Treatment with device "Optodan" is the most preferable.

[Etiologic factors in development of inflammatory diseases (cheilitis) of the lips].

Last years the number of patients affected with lips' pathologies has been significantly increased that could be caused by different exogenic (chemical, biological, pharmacological and toxic substances etc.) and endogenic factors. Therefore, considering the above-mentioned etiologic factors, the aim of our study was identification and differentiation of different types of Cheilitis and basing on the study of their pathogenesis, to perform differential diagnostics and to systematize them. In certain cases, cheilitis appeared to be the early manifestations of diseases of different organs or organ systems on lips, laying the great responsibility on the Doctor-Stomatologists, who together with the other appropriate specialists is obliged to perform diagnostics of general (background) diseases in time; to make differential diagnostics and to plan the further and target therapy.

[Holisal in the complex treatment of periodontal disease].

The aim of our research was to evaluate efficiency of medicine Cholisal in complex treatment of periodontitis. During the research 36 patients with periodontitis (from 18 to 36 years old) were examined and treated. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to severity of periodontitis. Each group included 12 patients. For studying the efficiency of treatment both objective and subjective data was used. In case of mild severity of disease clinical indices were: HI=2,1+/-0,75; Ghi=1,4+/-0,67; Gi=1,7+/-0,78, PI=0,8+/-0,34. In case of moderate severity of disease clinical indices were: HI=2,57+/-1,02; GHI=2,18+/-0,81; GI=1,95+/-0,8, PI=3,9+/-1,1. In case of severe disease - HI=3,9+/-1,25, GHI=2,5+/-0,8, GI=2,9+/-1,2, PI=7,8+/-1,62. Clinical study has shown that Cholisal enables successful treatment of periodontitis. It has prolonged, antiinflamatory, deodorant and analgesic effect. Our investigation revealed that xolisale can be recommended in complex treatment of periodontal disease.

[Employment of the laser apparatus SL-30 in complex treatment of chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis].

The purpose of the study was the estimation of complex treatment effectiveness of chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis using portable laser device "Beurer" (Germany). Fifty patients 17 till 55 years of age were investigated. Among them 28 were women and 22 were men. They were divided into two groups. All patients were treated by standard algorithm according to the severity of the disease. In the patients from the second group laser therapy by means of SL-30, 15-30 min per day was administered. After the completion of the course of treatment positive therapeutic effect has been achieved in all patients from the second group. Disappearance of the subjective symptoms and the initiation of the reparative-regenerative processes has occurred much faster in this group which gave us an opportunity to reduce the number of sessions by 5-6 in comparison with the first group. Thus, it was shown that the use of apparatus SL-30 in complex treatment of the chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis increases the efficiency of the treatment.