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1.
J Org Chem ; 89(5): 2984-2995, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38334453

RESUMO

Rh(III)-catalyzed C7-alkylation of isatogens (indolin-3-one N-oxides) with malonic acid diazoesters has been developed. This strategy utilizes oxygen anion on the N-oxide group of isatogens as a directing group and successfully achieves the synthesis of a series of C7-alkylated isatogens with moderate to good yields (48-86% yields). Moreover, the N-oxides of isatogens can not only serve as the simple directing group for C7-H bond cleavage but also be deoxidized for easy removal.

2.
Chin J Traumatol ; 27(2): 63-70, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38040590

RESUMO

Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of one or more organs due to a disordered host response to infection. The development of sepsis is closely linked to immune dysfunction. As a result, immunotherapy has gained traction as a promising approach to sepsis treatment, as it holds the potential to reverse immunosuppression and restore immune balance, thereby improving the prognosis of septic patients. However, due to the highly heterogeneous nature of sepsis, it is crucial to carefully select the appropriate patient population for immunotherapy. This review summarizes the current and evolved treatments for sepsis-induced immunosuppression to enhance clinicians' understanding and practical application of immunotherapy in the management of sepsis.


Assuntos
Terapia de Imunossupressão , Sepse , Humanos , Imunoterapia , Sepse/tratamento farmacológico , Tolerância Imunológica
3.
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue ; 30(4): 291-299, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39210414

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of selenium on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced spermatogenic impairment (SI) in mice and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: We equally randomized 36 male KM mice into 3 SI model and 3 control groups, the first 3 treated by intraperitoneal injection of CTX at 100 mg/kg (the SI model control group), CTX plus SI model control group, selenium deficient model group (-Se SI), selenium supplemented model group (+Se SI), while latter 3 by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline (the normal control), selenium deficiency control group (-Se control), selenium addition control group (+Se control), respectively, all once a week for 6 successive weeks. Then we observed the histopathological changes in the testes of all the mice by HE staining, obtained the sperm count in the epididymides, determined the expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and SLC7A11 proteins by Western blot and ferroptosis-related genes by RT-qPCR, and examined the changes in the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins and genes in the GC2-spd cells treated with ferroptosis inhibitors and inducers in combination with different concentrations of inorganic sodium selenite (SeS) and organic selenomethionine (SeM). RESULTS: Compared with the normal controls, the SI model mice showed significantly decreased testicular and prostatic organ coefficients, reduced spermatogenic layers, increased voids, decreased serum ferritin concentration (P<0.05), and elevated transferrin concentration (P<0.05). The organ coefficients were significantly higher in the +Se SI and +Se control than in the -Se SI and -Se control groups (P<0.05, P<0.01), with evident pathological improvement of the testis tissue in the +Se controls. The expressions of the GPx4 and solute carrier family 7 members 11(SLC7A11) genes in the testis were dramatically down-regulated in the SI model controls (P<0.01), but up-regulated in the +Se SI and +Se control compared with those in the -Se SI and -Se control group (P<0.01 and P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between their protein expressions. The results of in vitro GC2 spd cell experiments indicated that the GPx4 gene and GPx4 protein levels in the - Se group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P<0.05), while the SLC7A11 gene level decreased (P<0.01). Different doses of SeS and SeM significantly increased the GPx4 protein expression compared to the average Se group. Low doses of SeM promoted a significant increase in GPx4 gene levels, while high doses of SeS increased the expression levels of SLC7A11 gene and SLC7A11 protein (P<0.05, P<0.01). The Se group showed a significant decrease in the levels of acsl4 and ptgs2 genes compared to the normal control group. SeM promoted the expression of acsl4, while SeS promoted the expression of ptgs2 and fth1 (P<0.01, P<0.05). The intervention results of GC2 spd showed that the Erastin group had a decrease in ptgs2 compared to the normal control group, while the SeS+Erastin and SeM+Erastin groups had an increase in ptgs2 gene expression compared to the Erastin group. However, the ptgs2 expression of Fer-1 was lower than that of the normal control group, and the ptgs2 gene level of SeS+Fer-1 and SeM+Fer-1 groups was lower than that of Fer-1 group (P<0.05); The gene quantity of GPx4 in the SeM+Erastin and SeM+Fer-1 groups increased compared to the Erastin and Fer-1 groups (P<0.01, P<0.05); SeM+Erastin and SeS+Erastin showed a decrease in SLC7A11 compared to the Erastin group, as well as SeM+Fer-1 and SeS+Fer-1 groups compared to the Fer-1 group, accompanied by an increase in acsl4 and fth1 (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Selenium deficiency causes the reduction of the SLC7A11 and GPx4 gene levels, disorder of ferroptosis-related genes and down-regulation of the GPx4 protein expression in the mouse testis and spermatocytes. Selenium can promote the expression of GPx4, up-regulate the level of SLC7A11, and improve spermatogenesis in the testis of the mouse with SI. There are differences between organic SeM and inorganic SeS in regulating the ferroptosis pathway-related genes.


Assuntos
Ciclofosfamida , Selênio , Espermatogênese , Testículo , Animais , Masculino , Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Camundongos , Selênio/farmacologia , Espermatogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Testículo/metabolismo , Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosfolipídeo Hidroperóxido Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/metabolismo , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos/genética , Selenito de Sódio/farmacologia
4.
J Immunol ; 204(3): 632-643, 2020 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31852753

RESUMO

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a multifunctional protein that functions in tumor suppression, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. However, how TXNIP functions during microbial infections is rarely reported. In this study, we demonstrate that Brucella infection decreased TXNIP expression to promote its intracellular growth in macrophages by decreasing the production of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Following Brucella abortus infection, TXNIP knockout RAW264.7 cells produced significantly lower levels of NO and ROS, compared with wild-type RAW264.7 cells. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor treatment reduced NO levels, which resulted in a dose-dependent restoration of TXNIP expression, demonstrating that the expression of TXNIP is regulated by NO. In addition, the expression of iNOS and the production of NO were dependent on the type IV secretion system of Brucella Moreover, Brucella infection reduced TXNIP expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages and mouse lung and spleen. Knocked down of the TXNIP expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages increased intracellular survival of Brucella These findings revealed the following: 1) TXNIP is a novel molecule to promote Brucella intracellular survival by reducing the production of NO and ROS; 2) a negative feedback-regulation system of NO confers protection against iNOS-mediated antibacterial effects. The elucidation of this mechanism may reveal a novel host surveillance pathway for bacterial intracellular survival.


Assuntos
Brucella abortus/fisiologia , Brucelose/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Macrófagos/imunologia , Tiorredoxinas/metabolismo , Animais , Brucelose/microbiologia , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Espaço Intracelular/metabolismo , Camundongos , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Tiorredoxinas/genética
5.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao ; 44(4): 643-653, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36065698

RESUMO

Objective To clarify the hotspots and trends of multimorbidity research and to provide evidence for further research in China. Methods Papers on multimorbidity were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science (from inception to August 11,2021).BICOMB and gCLUTO were used for bibliometric and clustering analysis,and CiteSpace was employed for analysis of authors and citations,and burst detection of keywords. Results The research on multimorbidity has been on the rise.Among the authors,Mercer SW published the most papers on this topic and Fortin M was the most cited author.Karolinska Institute topped the institutions in the number of published papers,and the paper published in Lancet by Barnett K in 2012 was the most cited.A total of 75 high-frequency keywords were extracted,on the basis of which seven research hotspots were summarized:epidemiology (including the prevalence and trend),medication (involving polypharmacy,medication compliance,etc.),medical expenditure (including cost and medical services),aging (such as elderly patients,frailty,and disability),psychology (involving mental health,social support,etc.),multimorbidity management (such as the treatment,primary health care,and integrated care),and comorbidity of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (involving obesity,stroke,diabetes,etc.). Conclusions Multimorbidity is concerned as a major health threat and public health problem worldwide.The management of multimorbidity is more complex than that of one disease,which thus faces more challenges.Therefore,researchers,health care providers,and policy-makers should underscore it.


Assuntos
Bibliometria , Multimorbidade , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Humanos
6.
BMC Microbiol ; 21(1): 119, 2021 04 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33874905

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Salinization damages the health of soil systems and reduces crop yields. Responses of microbial communities to salinized soils and their functional maintenance under high salt stress are valuable scientific problems. Meanwhile, the microbial community of the salinized soil in the plateau environment is less understood. Here, we applied metagenomics technology to reveal the structure and function of microorganisms in salinized soil of the Tibetan Plateau. RESULTS: The diversity of composition and function of microbial community in saline soil have changed significantly. The abundances of chemoautotrophic and acidophilic bacteria comprising Rhodanobacter, Acidobacterium, Candidatus Nitrosotalea, and Candidatus Koribacter were significantly higher in saline soil. The potential degradation of organic carbon in the saline soil, as well as the production of NO and N2O via denitrification, and the production of sulfate by sulfur oxidation were significantly higher than the non-saline soil. Both types of soils were rich in genes encoding resistance to environmental stresses (i.e., cold, ultraviolet light, and hypoxia in Tibetan Plateau). The resistance of the soil microbial communities to the saline environment is based on the absorption of K+ as the main mechanism, with cross-protection proteins and absorption buffer molecules as auxiliary mechanisms in our study area. Network analysis showed that functional group comprising chemoautotrophic and acidophilic bacteria had significant positive correlations with electrical conductivity and total sulfur, and significant negative correlations with the total organic carbon, pH, and available nitrogen. The soil moisture, pH, and electrical conductivity are likely to affect the bacterial carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the specific environment of the Tibetan Plateau and salinization jointly shape the structure and function of the soil bacterial community, and that the bacterial communities respond to complex and harsh living conditions. In addition, environmental feedback probably exacerbates greenhouse gas emissions and accelerates the reduction in the soil pH. This study will provide insights into the microbial responses to soil salinization and the potential ecological risks in the special plateau environment.


Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos Bacterianos , Biodiversidade , Ambientes Extremos , Microbiota/genética , Microbiologia do Solo , Solo/química , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Bactérias/genética , Fazendas , Metagenômica , Tolerância ao Sal , Tibet
7.
J Infect Dis ; 221(Suppl 2): S164-S173, 2020 03 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32176783

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Information on possible donor-derived transmission events in China is limited. We evaluated the impacts of liver transplantation from infected deceased-donors, analyzed possible donor-derived bacterial or fungal infection events in recipients, and evaluated the etiologic agents' characteristics and cases outcomes. METHODS: A single-center observational study was performed from January 2015 to March 2017 to retrospectively collect data from deceased-donors diagnosed with infection. Clinical data were recorded for each culture-positive donor and the matched liver recipient. The microorganisms were isolated and identified, and antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed. The pathogens distribution and incidence of possible donor-derived infection (P-DDI) events were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: Information from 211 donors was collected. Of these, 82 donors were infected and classified as the donation after brain death category. Overall, 149 and 138 pathogens were isolated from 82 infected donors and 82 matched liver recipients, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi accounted for 42.3% (63 of 149), 46.3% (69 of 149), and 11.4% (17 of 149) of pathogens in infected donors. The incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria was high and Acinetobacter baumannii was the most concerning species. Infections occurred within the first 2 weeks after liver transplantation with an organ from an infected donor. Compared with the noninfection recipient group, the infection recipient group experienced a longer mechanical ventilation time (P = .004) and intensive care unit stay (P = .003), a higher incidence of renal dysfunction (P = .026) and renal replacement therapy (P = .001), and higher hospital mortality (P = .015). Possible donor-derived infection was observed in 14.6% of cases. Recipients with acute-on-chronic liver failure were more prone to have P-DDI than recipients with other diseases (P = .007; odds ratio = 0.114; 95% confidence interval, .025-.529). CONCLUSIONS: When a liver recipient receives a graft from an infected deceased-donor, the postoperative incidence of infection is high and the infection interval is short. In addition, when a possible donor-derived, drug-resistant bacterial infection occurs, recipients may have serious complications and poor outcomes.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/transmissão , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Micoses/transmissão , Doadores de Tecidos , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/prevenção & controle , Cadáver , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Micoses/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
8.
J Virol ; 93(7)2019 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30651360

RESUMO

Following its entry into cells, pseudorabies virus (PRV) utilizes microtubules to deliver its nucleocapsid to the nucleus. Previous studies have shown that PRV VP1/2 is an effector of dynein-mediated capsid transport. However, the mechanism of PRV for recruiting microtubule motor proteins for successful neuroinvasion and neurovirulence is not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that PRV pUL21 is an inner tegument protein. We tested its interaction with the cytoplasmic light chains using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay and observed that PRV pUL21 interacts with Roadblock-1. This interaction was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays. We also determined the efficiency of retrograde and anterograde axonal transport of PRV strains in explanted neurons using a microfluidic chamber system and investigated pUL21's contribution to PRV neuroinvasion in vivo Further data showed that the carboxyl terminus of pUL21 is essential for its interaction with Roadblock-1, and this domain contributes to PRV retrograde axonal transport in vitro and in vivo Our findings suggest that the carboxyl terminus of pUL21 contributes to PRV neuroinvasion.IMPORTANCE Herpesviruses are a group of DNA viruses that infect both humans and animals. Alphaherpesviruses are distinguished by their ability to establish latent infection in peripheral neurons. After entering neurons, the herpesvirus capsid interacts with cellular motor proteins and undergoes retrograde transport on axon microtubules. This elaborate process is vital to the herpesvirus lifecycle, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we determined that pUL21 is an inner tegument protein of pseudorabies virus (PRV) and that it interacts with the cytoplasmic dynein light chain Roadblock-1. We also observed that pUL21 promotes retrograde transport of PRV in neuronal cells. Furthermore, our findings confirm that pUL21 contributes to PRV neuroinvasion in vivo Importantly, the carboxyl terminus of pUL21 is responsible for interaction with Roadblock-1, and this domain contributes to PRV neuroinvasion. This study offers fresh insights into alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion and the interaction between virus and host during PRV infection.


Assuntos
Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/genética , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/patogenicidade , Neurônios/virologia , Transporte Axonal/genética , Axônios/virologia , Linhagem Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Dineínas/genética , Células HEK293 , Células HeLa , Humanos , Microtúbulos/genética , Microtúbulos/virologia , Nucleocapsídeo/genética , Replicação Viral/genética
9.
Int J Med Sci ; 17(17): 2751-2762, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33162803

RESUMO

Background: To date, the effect of vasopressin on organ damages after acute mesenteric ischemia (MI) remains poorly understood. Aims: To investigate the effect of terlipressin, a selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist, versus norepinephrine on the intestinal and renal injuries after acute MI, and to explore the underlying mechanism of terlipressin. Methods: Acute MI model was produced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1 hour. Immediately after unclamping, terlipressin or norepinephrine was intravenously administered for 2 hours. Meanwhile, in vitro, RAW264.7 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide+terlipressin. In addition, wortmannin was used to determine the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in the potential impacts of terlipressin. Results: MI led to severe hypotension, caused notable intestinal and renal impairments and resulted in high mortality, which were markedly improved by terlipressin or norepinephrine. Terlipressin increased mean arterial pressure, decreased intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, inhibited the generation of M1 macrophage in intestinal and renal tissues, and hindered the release of inflammatory cytokines after MI. Moreover, in cultured macrophages, terlipressin reduced the mRNA level of specific M1 markers and the release of inflammatory cytokines caused by lipopolysaccharide challenge. Wortmannin decreased the expression of PI3K and Akt induced by terlipressin in cells and in tissues, and abolished the above protective effects conferred by terlipressin. Conclusions: Terlipressin or norepinephrine could effectively improve organ damages and mortality after acute MI. Terlipressin elevates blood pressure and inhibits intestinal epithelial apoptosis and macrophage M1 polarization via the PI3K/Akt pathway.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Isquemia Mesentérica/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores de Vasopressinas/agonistas , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/tratamento farmacológico , Terlipressina/administração & dosagem , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/patologia , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Pressão Arterial/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Íleo/irrigação sanguínea , Íleo/efeitos dos fármacos , Íleo/patologia , Mucosa Intestinal/irrigação sanguínea , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Rim/irrigação sanguínea , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/patologia , Masculino , Isquemia Mesentérica/complicações , Isquemia Mesentérica/patologia , Norepinefrina/administração & dosagem , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinase/metabolismo , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Ratos , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/etiologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/patologia , Organismos Livres de Patógenos Específicos , Wortmanina/administração & dosagem
10.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 516(1): 82-88, 2019 08 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31196623

RESUMO

Peroxiredoxin-5 (Prdx5) is a multifunctional protein involved in oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory responses. However, how Prdx5 functions during microbial infections is rarely reported. In this study, we demonstrate that Brucella infection increased Prdx5 expression to promote its intracellular growth in macrophages. Further study show that B. abortus infection promoted its intracellular growth by decreasing the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. In addition, the expression of Prdx5 was independent on live Brucella and the type IV secretion system of Brucella. Instead, its expression was regulated by the lipopolysaccharide of Brucella. Moreover, Brucella infection increased Prdx5 expression in primary macrophage and mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate for the first time that Prdx5 promotes Brucella intracellular growth by decreasing the production of NO and ROS. This finding provides new insights into the evasive strategies of Brucella and will be useful for the development of novel effective therapeutic approaches to treat Brucella infections.


Assuntos
Brucella abortus/fisiologia , Brucelose/genética , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Peroxirredoxinas/genética , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Animais , Brucella abortus/metabolismo , Brucelose/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Óxido Nítrico/imunologia , Peroxirredoxinas/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Regulação para Cima
11.
J Neurovirol ; 24(5): 597-605, 2018 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29987580

RESUMO

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in regulating eukaryotic genome replication and gene expression in diverse biological systems. Here, we identified lncRNAs transcribed from pseudorabies virus (PRV)-infected PK-15 cells. Based on high-throughput sequencing data, we obtained 87,263,926 and 93,947,628 clean reads from mock-infected and PRV-infected PK-15 cells, respectively. Through a normalized analytic protocol, we identified three novel viral lncRNAs. According to an analysis of differential expression between the mock-infected and PRV-infected cells, 4151 host lncRNAs were significantly upregulated and 2327 host lncRNAs were significantly downregulated in the latter group. Viral lncRNAs and several host lncRNAs were verified by northern blotting and real-time PCR. The findings showed that the viral lncRNA LDI might regulate the expression of IE180, a potent transcriptional activator of viral genes. Furthermore, we characterized the expression of viral lncRNAs in a culture of infected primary chicken dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Collectively, the obtained data suggest that PRV generates lncRNAs in both epithelial cells and chick DRG neurons.


Assuntos
Células Epiteliais/virologia , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/genética , Neurônios/virologia , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Viral/análise , Animais , Embrião de Galinha , Suínos
12.
Crit Care Med ; 45(12): e1218-e1225, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28902121

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Data about the critical care resources in China remain scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation and distribution of critical care resources in Guangdong province from 2005 to 2015. DESIGN: Data in regard to critical care resources were collected through questionnaires and visits every 5 years from 2005. SETTING: All hospitals in Guangdong province were screened and hospitals that provide critical care services were enrolled. INTERVENTION: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred eleven, 158, and 284 hospitals that provide critical care services were enrolled in the three consecutive surveys respectively. The number of ICUs, ICU beds, intensivists, and nurses increased to 324, 3,956, 2,470, and 7,695, respectively, by 2015. Adjusted by population, the number of ICU beds per 100,000 (100,000) population increased by 147.7% from 2005 to 2015, and the number of intensivists and nurses per 100,000 population increased by 35.3% and 55.1% from 2011 to 2015. However, the numbers in the Pearl River Delta, a richer area, were higher than those in the non-Pearl River Delta area (ICU beds: 4.64 vs 2.58; intensivists: 2.90 vs 1.61; nurses: 9.30 vs 4.71 in 2015). In terms of staff training, only 17.85% of intensivists and 14.29% of nurses have completed a formal accredited critical care training program by 2015. CONCLUSIONS: Our study was the first one to investigate the trend and distribution of critical care resources in China. The quantity of ICU beds and staff has been increasing rapidly, but professional training for staff was inadequate. The distribution of critical care resources was unbalanced. Our study can be beneficial for healthcare policymaking and the allocation of critical care resources in Guangdong province and other provinces in China.


Assuntos
Cuidados Críticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/provisão & distribuição , China , Equipamentos e Provisões/provisão & distribuição , Produto Interno Bruto , Número de Leitos em Hospital/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Recursos Humanos em Hospital/provisão & distribuição
13.
Med Sci Monit ; 22: 3169-76, 2016 Sep 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27600467

RESUMO

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the preventive value of active ankle movements in the formation of lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT), attempting to develop a new method for rehabilitation nursing after orthopedic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS We randomly assigned 193 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery in the lower limbs into a case group (n=96) and a control group (n=97). The control group received routine nursing while the case group performed active ankle movements in addition to receiving routine nursing. Maximum venous outflow (MVO), maximum venous capacity (MVC), and blood rheology were measured and the incidence of DVT was recorded. RESULTS On the 11th and 14th days of the experiment, the case group had significantly higher MVO and MVC than the control group (all P<0.05). The whole-blood viscosity at high shear rate and the plasma viscosity were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group on the 14th day (both P<0.05). During the experiment, a significantly higher overall DVT incidence was recorded in the control group (8 with asymptomatic DVT) compared with the case group (1 with asymptomatic DVT) (P=0.034). During follow-up, the case group presented a significantly lower DVT incidence (1 with symptomatic DVT and 4 with asymptomatic DVT) than in the control group (5 with symptomatic DVT and 10 with asymptomatic DVT) (P=0.031). CONCLUSIONS Through increasing MVO and MVC and reducing blood rheology, active ankle movements may prevent the formation of lower-extremity DVT after orthopedic surgery.


Assuntos
Tornozelo/fisiopatologia , Extremidade Inferior/fisiopatologia , Movimento , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/efeitos adversos , Trombose Venosa/etiologia , Trombose Venosa/prevenção & controle , Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hemorreologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ultrassonografia Doppler , Trombose Venosa/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose Venosa/fisiopatologia
14.
Opt Express ; 23(8): 9612-7, 2015 Apr 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25968997

RESUMO

We report the improved light output power in gallium nitride-based green flip-chip light-emitting diodes (FCLEDs) employed with inverted tetrahedron-pyramidal micropatterned polydimethylsiloxane (ITPM PDMS) films as an encapsulation and protection layer. The micropatterns are transferred into the surface of PDMS films from the sapphire substrate master molds with two-dimensional periodic hexagonal TPM arrays by a soft imprint lithography method. The ITPM PDMS film laminated on the sapphire dramatically enhances the diffuse transmittance (T(D)) in a wavelength (λ) range of 400-650 nm, exhibiting the larger T(D) value of ~53% at λ = 525 nm, (cf., T(D) ~1% for planar sapphire). By introducing the ITPM PDMS film on the outer surface of sapphire in FCLEDs, the light output power is enhanced, indicating the increment percentage of ~11.1% at 500 mA of injection current compared to the reference FCLED without the ITPM PDMS film, together with better electroluminescence intensity and far-field radiation pattern.

16.
Appl Opt ; 54(5): 1027-31, 2015 Feb 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25968017

RESUMO

We fabricated amorphous silicon (a-Si)-based distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) consisting of alternating dense/porous films (i.e., pair) for a center wavelength (λ(c)) of 0.96 µm by oblique angle deposition (OAD) technique using an electron-beam evaporation system. The dense (high refractive index, i.e., high-n) and porous (low-n) a-Si films were deposited at two incident vapor flux angles of 0° and 80° in the OAD, respectively. Their optical reflectance characteristics were investigated in the wavelength range of 0.6-1.5 µm, including theoretical comparison using a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method. Above three pairs, the reflectivity (R) of a-Si DBRs was almost saturated at wavelengths around 0.96 µm, exhibiting R values of >97%. For the a-Si DBR with only three pairs, a broad normalized stop bandwidth (Δλ/λ(c)) of ∼22.5% was obtained at wavelengths of ∼0.87-1.085 µm, keeping high R values of >95%. To simply demonstrate the feasibility of device applications, the a-Si DBR with three pairs was coated as a high-reflection layer at the rear facet of GaAs/InGaAs quantum-well laser diodes (LDs) operating at λ=0.96 µm. For the LDs coated with three-pair a-Si DBR, external differential quantum efficiency (η(d)) was nearly doubled compared to the uncoated LDs, indicating the η(d) value of ∼50.6% (i.e., η(d)∼25.5% for the uncoated LDs).

17.
Opt Express ; 22(15): 18519-26, 2014 Jul 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25089471

RESUMO

Highly-tolerant distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) based on the same materials consisting of nanoporous/dense titanium dioxide (TiO2) film pair structures with wide-angle and broadband highly-reflective properties at visible wavelengths are reported. For a high refractive index contrast, the two dense and nanoporous TiO2 film stacks are alternatingly deposited on silicon (Si) substrates by a oblique angle deposition (OAD) method at two vapor flux angles (θα) of 0 and 80° for high and low refractive indices, respectively. For the TiO2 DBRs at a center wavelength (λ(c)) of 540 nm, the maximum level in reflectance (R) band is increased with increasing the number of pairs, exhibiting high R values of > 90% for 5 pairs, and the normalized stop bandwidth (∆λ/λ(c)) of ~17.8% is obtained. At λ(c) = 540 nm, the patterned TiO2 DBR with 5 pairs shows an uniform relative reflectivity over a whole surface of 3 inch-sized Si wafer and a large-scalable fabrication capability with any features. The angle-dependent reflectance characteristics of TiO2 DBR at λ(c) = 540 nm are also studied at incident angles (θ(inc)) of 20-70° for p-, s-, and non-polarized lights in the wavelength region of 350-750 nm, yielding high R values of > 70.4% at θ(inc) values of 20-70° for non-polarized light. By adjusting the λ(c)/4 thicknesses of nanoporous and dense films, for λ(c) = 450, 540, and 680 nm, tunable broadband TiO2 DBRs with high R values of > 90% at wavelengths of 400-800 nm are realized.

18.
Vet Microbiol ; 298: 110224, 2024 Aug 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39153287

RESUMO

B. abortus is a facultative intracellular bacterium that replicates within macrophages. Intracellular survival is one of the important indexes to evaluate the virulence of Brucella. Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death induced by the accumulation of free iron, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and toxic lipid peroxides, play roles on cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we found that Brucella rough strain RB51 induced ferroptosis on macrophages with reduced levels of host glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), together with increased ferrous iron, lipid peroxidation, and ROS. The inhibitor ferrostatin-1 significantly reduced the ferroptosis of RB51-infected macrophages, confirming that ferroptosis occurred during infection with Brucella RB51. Furthermore, we found that RB51 infection induced ferroptosis is regulated by P53-Slc7a11-Gpx4/GSH signal pathway. Inhibiting P53 decreased the levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation, while the levels of Slc7a11, Gpx4 and GSH were rescued. More importantly, inhibiting ferroptosis by different ferroptosis inhibitors increased the intracellular survival of Brucella RB51, indicating ferroptosis functions on the attenuation of Brucella intracellular survival. Collectively, our observations demonstrate that Brucella RB51 infection induces ferroptosis on macrophages, which is regulated by P53-Slc7a11-Gpx4/GSH signal pathway and functions on the attenuation of intracellular survival of Brucella.

19.
Huan Jing Ke Xue ; 45(8): 4791-4801, 2024 Aug 08.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39168696

RESUMO

Identifying the influencing factors of soil heavy metal content changes is the basis for reducing or preventing soil heavy metal pollution. Taking an agricultural experimental field in Changping District of Beijing as an example, the heavy metal content changes in As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn from 2012 to 2022 were firstly analyzed. Secondly, the influencing factors of the heavy metal content changes were detected based on the geographical detector at the single-target and multi-target levels, respectively. Finally, comparative experiments with the correlation analysis method and existing studies were set up to evaluate the effectiveness of the identification method of influencing factors developed in this study. The results showed that human activity factors have exacerbated the changes in soil heavy metal content in the study area as follows: ① At the single-target level, the land use type was the main influencing factor on the changes in Cr, Cu, and Zn contents, and the annual deposition flux influenced the changes in As. The results of the interaction detection showed that there was an enhancement effect among the factors, and the interaction of the human activity factors dominated for the factor identification. ② The results of the multi-target level detection covered the results of the single-target level detection, which could identify more influencing factors. The land use type affected the changes in Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and As, and the changes in As and Zn were influenced by the annual deposition fluxes. ③ The multi-target identification method coupled with geographical detector and principal component analysis could effectively identify the influencing factors of soil heavy metal content changes, which was much more effective than the single soil heavy metal correlation method. The developed multi-target identification method for influencing factors of heavy metal content changes can provide technical support for the regional pollution monitoring and macro-management of soil heavy metals.

20.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 16(35): 46516-46526, 2024 Sep 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39163566

RESUMO

Real-time monitoring of UAV motor speed is crucial for enhancing control performance and ensuring flight safety. However, this task faces challenges such as difficult sensor installation and high costs. This study introduces a wireless rotational speed sensing system based on a UAV-rotary triboelectric nanogenerator (UR-TENG). By employing a carefully designed structure with soft contact and a freestanding-triboelectric-layer mode, UR-TENG exhibits characteristics like low friction, affordability, ease of production, and self-powering capability. This eliminates the need for an external power source and addresses the complexity of installation in the limited space of UAVs. Experimental findings demonstrate that UR-TENG possesses high sensitivity and stability, maintaining the structural integrity of the UAV. The goodness of fit is notably high at 0.99959, with a maximum error rate of only 0.014 within a range of 6270 rpm. Moreover, UR-TENG integrates with a microcontroller unit (MCU) and external circuitry to form a monitoring system. This system transmits electrical signals to a PC via a Wi-Fi module, facilitating real-time rotational speed sensing and anomaly detection. Finally, a practical application demonstration on a UAV validates the adaptability of UR-TENG to complex operational environments. This study presents a promising approach for online rotation monitoring of UAV motors, with potential for commercialization, and introduces new avenues for TENG application in UAV technology.

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