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1.
Res Vet Sci ; 138: 39-48, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34091228

RESUMO

Methotrexate (MTX), an antifolate drug, is widely used in chemotherapeutic protocols for metastatic and primary brain tumors and some autoimmune diseases. Its efficacy for brain tumors is limited by the high incidence of central nervous system (CNS) complications. This investigation aimed to observe the morphological effects, including astroglial and microglial responses, following systemic short-term MTX administration in adult rats. Male Wistar rats received 5 or 10 mg/kg/day of MTX by intraperitoneal route for 4 consecutive days (respectively, MTX5 and MTX10 groups) or the same volume of 0.9% saline solution (control group). On the 5th day, brain samples were collected for hematoxylin-eosin and luxol fast blue staining techniques, as well as for immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in astrocytes and Iba1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) for microglia in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and molecular/granular layers of the cerebellum. Morphometric analyses were performed using Image Pro-Plus software. Brain levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1ß were determined by ELISA. No signs of neuronal loss or demyelination were observed in all groups. Increased GFAP and Iba1 expression was found in all areas from the MTX groups, although it was slightly higher in the MTX10 group compared to the MTX5. Both TNF-α and IL-1ß levels were decreased in the MTX5 group compared to controls. In the MTX10 group, TNF-α decreased, although IL-1ß was increased relative to controls. MTX administration induced microglial reaction and astrogliosis in several CNS areas. In the MTX5 group, it apparently occurred in the presence of decreased proinflammatory cytokines.


Assuntos
Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Proteína Glial Fibrilar Ácida/metabolismo , Gliose/fisiopatologia , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Microglia/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Astrócitos/patologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Gliose/induzido quimicamente , Gliose/patologia , Masculino , Microglia/metabolismo , Microglia/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
2.
Hernia ; 24(6): 1397-1400, 2020 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31858310

RESUMO

Omphalocele is a congenital abdominal wall defect that occurs approximately 1 in 4000-6000 live births. The abdominal-visceral disproportion, large diameter of the defect, volume of liver in the sac along with high incidence of associated anomalies make the surgical management a real challenge. Currently, there are two strategies for managing giant omphaloceles, staged surgical closure and nonoperative delayed closure. The combined treatment with PPP and BoNT/A injection has recently been described in adults. There is strong evidence on safety and efficacy of the use of BoNT/As in other areas of pediatrics and no recent reports of PPP use in children. Also, there are no data available about the combination of both techniques in pediatric population. The purpose of this manuscript is to report a case of a 7-year-old female child that was referred to our institution with a large ventral hernia secondary to omphalocele. We opted for a combined approach with BoNT/A injection and PPP before the definitive surgery. The surgical result was great with midline closure with no tension and no need for prosthetic substitution or component separation needed. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of BoNT/A injection and PPP for large ventral hernias in children. BoNT/A application was safe and the PPP technique was also proved to be applicable on children. We believe that the combination of BoNT/A and PPP presented to be a safe approach with an excellent result, particularly for not needing abdominal wall prosthetic substitution.


Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/uso terapêutico , Hérnia Umbilical/tratamento farmacológico , Hérnia Umbilical/cirurgia , Hérnia Ventral/tratamento farmacológico , Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/métodos , Pneumoperitônio Artificial/métodos , Pneumoperitônio/cirurgia , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/farmacologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos
3.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 51(11): e7356, 2018 Oct 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30304130

RESUMO

Essential oils (EO) are volatile liquids responsible for the aroma of plants. Pterodon polygalaeflorus seeds have received widespread use in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. For this reason and because Pterodon polygalaeflorus seeds have great EO content, which is frequently pharmacologically active, the present study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of EO from Pterodon polygalaeflorus (EOPPgfl) and its acute toxic effects. The EEOPPgfl sample, which was extracted by steam distillation of the seeds, had a yield of 2.4% of the seeds weight and had, as major constituents, beta-elemene (48.19%), trans-caryophyllene (19.51%), and epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (12.24%). The EOPPgfl sample showed mild acute toxicity and its calculated median lethal dose (LD50) was 3.38 g/kg. EOPPgfl (20-60 mg/kg) showed antinociceptive activity as evidenced by several tests and inhibited writhing induced by acetic acid. The maximum effect was obtained with the 30 mg/kg dose and at 60 min after its administration. EOPPgfl also decreased formalin-induced nociception, as verified by the inhibition of the first and second phase of the formalin test. At 30 mg/kg, EOPPgfl also decreased thermally stimulated nociception. Nociception may be related to inflammatory and antiedematogenic activity and at doses ranging 10-100 mg/kg, EOPPgfl blocked dextran- and carrageenan-induced edema. The results demonstrated that EOPPgfl presented, at doses approximately 100 times smaller than LD50, an antinociceptive effect that probably was due to anti-inflammatory activities.


Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Fabaceae/química , Nociceptividade/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Camundongos , Medição da Dor , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sementes/química , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet ; 95(2): 179-84, 2006 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16997304

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of community health agents (CHAs) to instruct women living in poor rural areas in obtaining self-collected cervical samples and compare the high-risk HPV (hrHPV) hybrid capture (HC) results obtained to those for gynecologist-collected samples. METHODS: After a one-day training, CHAs visited sexually active women, instructing each in the use of collection brush and the Universal Collection Medium tube. One week thereafter, a gynecologist collected cervical samples from, and performed colposcopies on, the same women. A single reference lab performed all HCs. RESULTS: 878 women (Age: 15-69 years) participated. Among self-collected samples, hrHPV prevalence was 33.9% (95% CI: 30.8%-37%), compared with 28.6% (95% CI: 27%-30%) among gynecologist-collected samples. However, 9.3% of the patients were HPV HC II-positive in the self-collected sample and HPV HC II-negative in the gynecologist-collected samples (95% CI: 7.38%-11.22%), whereas 4% tested positive in gynecologist-collected samples and negative in self-collected samples (95% CI: 2.7%-5.3%) (P<0.01; kappa=0.7). Of 9 cases of histologically-confirmed, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, self-collected and provider-collected samples missed one each. CONCLUSION: Self-collected vaginal sampling could be made an additional CHA function under existing program conditions, improving access to cervical cancer screening in poor rural settings.


Assuntos
Colo do Útero/virologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Autocuidado/métodos , Manejo de Espécimes , Displasia do Colo do Útero/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária , Reações Falso-Negativas , Feminino , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Pobreza , População Rural , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Displasia do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico
5.
Braz J Biol ; 76(2): 412-9, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26934154

RESUMO

Fishing selectivity of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus in the north coast of Brazil can be defined as the fisherman's ability to capture and select individuals from a certain size or sex (or a combination of these factors) which suggests an empirical selectivity. Considering this hypothesis, we calculated the selectivity curves for males and females crabs using the logit function of the logistic model in the formulation. The Bayesian inference consisted of obtaining the posterior distribution by applying the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to software R using the OpenBUGS, BRugs, and R2WinBUGS libraries. The estimated results of width average carapace selection for males and females compared with previous studies reporting the average width of the carapace of sexual maturity allow us to confirm the hypothesis that most mature individuals do not suffer from fishing pressure; thus, ensuring their sustainability.


Assuntos
Braquiúros , Animais , Teorema de Bayes , Tamanho Corporal , Brasil , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Feminino , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais
6.
PLoS One ; 9(9): e108353, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25265542

RESUMO

The potential use of CRISPR loci genotyping to elucidate population dynamics and microevolution of 146 Yersinia pestis strains from different biovars and locations was investigated in this work. The majority of strains from the Orientalis biovar presented specific spacer arrays, allowing for the establishment of a CRISPR signature for their respective isolates. Twenty-one new spacers were found in the Y. pestis strains from plague foci in Brazil. Ninety-three (64%) strains were grouped in the G1 genotype, whereas the others were distributed in 35 genotypes. This study allowed observing a microevolutionary process in a group of Y. pestis isolated from Brazil. We also identified specific genotypes of Y. pestis that were important for the establishment of the bacteria in plague foci in Brazil. The data have provided supporting evidence for the diversity and dynamics of CRISPR loci present in the genome of Y. pestis strains from plague foci in Brazil.


Assuntos
Repetições Palindrômicas Curtas Agrupadas e Regularmente Espaçadas/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Intergênico/genética , Yersinia pestis/genética , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas/genética , Sequência de Bases , Brasil , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Evolução Molecular , Genes Bacterianos , Variação Genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Genótipo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Peste/microbiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Yersinia pestis/classificação , Yersinia pseudotuberculosis/genética
7.
Rev. bras. pesqui. méd. biol ; Braz. j. med. biol. res;51(11): e7356, 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-951728

RESUMO

Essential oils (EO) are volatile liquids responsible for the aroma of plants. Pterodon polygalaeflorus seeds have received widespread use in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. For this reason and because Pterodon polygalaeflorus seeds have great EO content, which is frequently pharmacologically active, the present study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of EO from Pterodon polygalaeflorus (EOPPgfl) and its acute toxic effects. The EEOPPgfl sample, which was extracted by steam distillation of the seeds, had a yield of 2.4% of the seeds weight and had, as major constituents, beta-elemene (48.19%), trans-caryophyllene (19.51%), and epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (12.24%). The EOPPgfl sample showed mild acute toxicity and its calculated median lethal dose (LD50) was 3.38 g/kg. EOPPgfl (20-60 mg/kg) showed antinociceptive activity as evidenced by several tests and inhibited writhing induced by acetic acid. The maximum effect was obtained with the 30 mg/kg dose and at 60 min after its administration. EOPPgfl also decreased formalin-induced nociception, as verified by the inhibition of the first and second phase of the formalin test. At 30 mg/kg, EOPPgfl also decreased thermally stimulated nociception. Nociception may be related to inflammatory and antiedematogenic activity and at doses ranging 10-100 mg/kg, EOPPgfl blocked dextran- and carrageenan-induced edema. The results demonstrated that EOPPgfl presented, at doses approximately 100 times smaller than LD50, an antinociceptive effect that probably was due to anti-inflammatory activities.


Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Nociceptividade/efeitos dos fármacos , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Fabaceae/química , Sementes/química , Fatores de Tempo , Medição da Dor , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do Tratamento , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia
8.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;76(2): 412-419, Apr.-June 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-781380

RESUMO

Abstract Fishing selectivity of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus in the north coast of Brazil can be defined as the fisherman's ability to capture and select individuals from a certain size or sex (or a combination of these factors) which suggests an empirical selectivity. Considering this hypothesis, we calculated the selectivity curves for males and females crabs using the logit function of the logistic model in the formulation. The Bayesian inference consisted of obtaining the posterior distribution by applying the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to software R using the OpenBUGS, BRugs, and R2WinBUGS libraries. The estimated results of width average carapace selection for males and females compared with previous studies reporting the average width of the carapace of sexual maturity allow us to confirm the hypothesis that most mature individuals do not suffer from fishing pressure; thus, ensuring their sustainability.


Resumo A seletividade na pesca do caranguejo-uçá, na costa norte do Brasil, pode ser definida como a habilidade do pescador em capturar e selecionar indivíduos a partir de certo tamanho ou determinado sexo (ou pela combinação destes fatores) o que sugere uma seletividade empírica. Considerando esta hipótese foram calculadas as curvas de seletividade para caranguejos machos e fêmeas utilizando-se a função logit na formulação do modelo logístico. A inferência Bayesiana consistiu em obter a distribuição posterior com aplicação do método Monte Carlo com Cadeias de Markov - MCMC no software R com o uso do OpenBUGS e auxílio das bibliotecas BRugs e R2WinBUGS. Os resultados estimados de largura da carapaça média de seleção para machos e fêmeas comparados com estudos anteriores que relatam a largura da carapaça média de primeira maturação sexual permitem confirmar a hipótese de que grande parte dos indivíduos maduros não sofre a pressão da pesca o que garante sua sustentabilidade.


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Braquiúros , Brasil , Fatores Sexuais , Teorema de Bayes , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Tamanho Corporal
9.
J Assist Reprod Genet ; 24(8): 326-30, 2007 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17636446

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of GnRH antagonist with luteal phase estradiol administration to GnRH agonist cycles, long protocol. METHODS: 55 IVF-ICSI patients received oestradiol in the luteal phase of the cycle, before a cycle with GnRH antagonist. Fifty-five patients submitted to IVF-ICSI with the use of agonist were allocated, age matched, as a control group (historical control). The primary outcome was the number of retrieved oocytes. RESULTS: Patients were similar in terms of clinical characteristics. No differences were found in the number of oocytes retrieved (study group, 8.1 +/- 4.7; control group, 7.4 +/- 4.5) or in oocyte quality. CONCLUSIONS: We clearly demonstrated that the effectiveness of GnRH antagonist when combined with luteal phase estradiol is comparable to GnRH agonist cycles.


Assuntos
Implantação do Embrião/fisiologia , Estradiol/administração & dosagem , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/agonistas , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/antagonistas & inibidores , Leuprolida/administração & dosagem , Fase Luteal/efeitos dos fármacos , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Indução da Ovulação , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Gonadotropina Coriônica/farmacologia , Implantação do Embrião/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Fertilização in vitro , Humanos , Fase Luteal/metabolismo , Gravidez , Injeções de Esperma Intracitoplásmicas
10.
Neurosurg Rev ; 3(2): 139-50, 1980.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7231685

RESUMO

Thirteen cases of intraventricular tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis are described. The most common picture showed the "forme fruste", i.e. there were no signs of the typical clinical triad - metal retardation, seizures, and adenoma sebaceum - and there was usually no family history of tuberous sclerosis. There was a high incidence of increased intracranial pressure (76,9%). CT has made possible the preoperative diagnosis of an intraventricular tumor which is suggestive of tuberous sclerosis. The best surgical results were obtained by total excision of the tumor. The shunt procedures are discussed as a temporary surgery for relief of increased intracranial pressure and as a preparation of the patient for the final excision of the tumor. All the tumors were classified as subependymal giant cell astrocytomas according to the new classification of the World Health Organization.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Ventrículos Cerebrais/cirurgia , Glioma/cirurgia , Esclerose Tuberosa/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Ventrículos Cerebrais/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Glioma/complicações , Glioma/patologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Esclerose Tuberosa/patologia
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