Functional Brain Network Alterations in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Different Cognitive Function States: A Graph Theory Analysis Study.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the characteristics of brain functional network disruption in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with different cognitive function states by using graph theory analysis and to explore their relationship with clinical data and neuropsychiatric scales. METHODS: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 38 female SLE patients and 44 healthy controls. Based on Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, SLE patients were divided into a high MoCA group (MoCA-H; MoCA score, ≥26) and a low MoCA group (MoCA-L; MoCA score, <26). The matrix of resting-state functional brain networks of subjects in the 3 groups was constructed by using the graph theory approach. The topological properties of the functional brain networks, including global and local metrics, in the 3 groups were calculated. The differences in the topological properties of networks between the 3 groups were compared. In addition, Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between altered topological properties of brain networks and clinical indicators, as well as neuropsychiatric scales in SLE patients in the MoCA-L group. RESULTS: At the global level, in the sparsity threshold range of 0.10 to 0.34, the values of small-world properties were greater than 1 in all 3 groups, indicating that functional brain networks of both 3 groups had small-world properties. There were statistically significant differences in the characteristic path length, global, and local efficiency between 3 groups ( F = 3.825, P = 0.0260; F = 3.722, P = 0.0285; and F = 3.457, P = 0.0364, respectively). Systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the MoCA-L group showed increased characteristic path length ( t = 2.816, P = 0.00651), decreased global ( t = -2.729, P = 0.00826), and local efficiency ( t = -2.623, P = 0.0109) compared with healthy controls. No statistically significant differences in local metrics were found between the MoCA-H group and the healthy control, MoCA-L groups. At the local level, there was statistically significant difference in the node efficiency among the 3 groups ( P < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction). Compared with healthy controls, SLE patients in the MoCA-L group showed decreased node efficiency in left anterior cingulate paracingulate gyrus, bilateral putamen, bilateral pallidum, and left Heschl gyrus. No statistically significant differences in the local metrics were found between the MoCA-H, MoCA-L, and healthy control groups. Correlation analysis in SLE patients in the MoCA-L group showed that the characteristic path length was positively correlated with C4 levels ( r = 0.587, P = 0.007), the global and local efficiencies were negatively correlated with C4 levels ( r = -0.599, P = 0.005; r = -0.599, P = 0.005, respectively), and the node efficiency in the bilateral putamen was negatively correlated with C4 levels ( r = -0.611, P = 0.004; r = -0.570, P = 0.009). The node efficiency in the left pallidum was negatively correlated with disease duration ( r = -0.480, P = 0.032). The node efficiency in the left Heschl gyrus was negatively correlated with IgM levels ( r = -0.478, P = 0.033). No correlation was noted between other network metrics, clinical indicators, and neuropsychological scales. CONCLUSIONS: The topological properties of functional brain networks were disrupted in SLE patients with low MoCA scores, suggesting that altered topological properties of the brain networks were associated with cognitive function in SLE patients. Correlation between altered topological properties of the brain networks and clinical indicators was noted in SLE patients with low MoCA scores, suggesting that altered topological properties of brain networks in SLE patients may have clinical significance as imaging markers for monitoring disease changes in patients with SLE.

Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Oxidative C-H/C-H Cross-Coupling Reaction between Ferrocenes and Azoles.

The asymmetric C-H bond functionalization reaction is one of the most efficient and straightforward methods for the synthesis of optically active molecules. Herein, our work discovered a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric oxidative C-H/C-H cross-coupling reaction of ferrocenes with azoles such as oxazoles and thiazoles. Mono-N-protected amino acid as chiral ligands with palladium(II) has been demonstrated as an effective catalytic system in a weakly azine-directed asymmetric C-H bond functionalization reaction. This method offers a powerful strategy for constructing various substituted planar chiral ferrocenes via a dual C-H bond activation pathway in medium yields (up to 70%) with good enantioselectivity (up to 95.3:4.7 er) under mild conditions.

Synthesis of α-aryl sulfides by deaminative coupling of α-amino compounds with thiophenols.

By the deaminative coupling reaction of α-aminoesters and α-aminoacetonitriles with thiols, a new strategy for the synthesis of α-thioaryl esters and nitriles is described, representing an example of converting C(sp3)-N into C(sp3)-S bonds. The substrates form diazo compounds in situ in the presence of NaNO2, and then a transition-metal-free S-H bond insertion reaction occurs with thiophenol derivatives. The method is simple in operation and post-treatment and has good universality. The corresponding thioethers were obtained in moderate to good (up to 90%) yields under mild conditions.

Pd(II)-Catalyzed Azine-Assisted Enantioselective Oxidative C-H/C-H Cross-Coupling of Ferrocenes with Various Heteroarenes.

A palladium(II)-catalyzed enantioselective oxidative cross-coupling of ferrocenes with heteroarenes is described. Mono-N-protected amino acids can be used as sources of chirality. With azine as an efficient directing group, various substituted planar chiral ferrocenes were obtained via a dual C-H bond activation pathway in medium yields (up to 72%) with good enantioselectivity (up to 89.4:10.6 er) under mild conditions.

Evaluation of peripheral nerve acute crush injury in rabbits: comparison among diffusion kurtosis imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and electromyography.

OBJECTIVE: Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) has been proven to provide additional value for assessing many central nervous system diseases compared with conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); however, whether it has the same value in peripheral nerve injury is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the performance of DKI, DTI, and electromyography (EMG) in evaluating peripheral nerve crush injury (PNCI) in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 27 New Zealand white rabbits were selected to establish a PNCI model. Longitudinal DTI, DKI, and EMG were evaluated before surgery and 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks after surgery. At each time point, two rabbits were randomly selected for pathological examination. RESULTS: The results showed that fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from both DKI and DTI demonstrated a significant difference between injured and control nerves at all time points (all P < 0.005) mean kurtosis of the injured nerve was lower than that on the control side after 2-8 weeks (all P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in radial kurtosis, axial kurtosis, and apparent diffusion coefficient at almost every time point. The difference in compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of the bilateral gastrocnemius at each time point was statistically significant (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CMAP was a sensitive and reliable method to assess acute PNCI without being affected by perineural edema. DKI may not be superior to DTI in evaluating peripheral nerves, DTI with a shorter scanning time was preferred as an effective choice for evaluating acute peripheral nerve traumatic injury.

Improved Phase Stability and Enhanced Luminescence of Calcite Phase LuBO3:Ce3+ through Ga3+ Incorporation.

The application of LuBO3:Ce3+ (LBO:Ce) crystal as an excellent scintillation material has been limited due to its poor phase stability at high temperature or high pressure, so improving the phase stability is essential for promoting its development. Ga stabilized LuBO3:Ce3+ (LGBO:Ce) is synthesized by solid-state reaction at 1200 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra at ambient pressure show that all the samples are pure calcite phase. In situ high-pressure synchrotron radiation XRD patterns illustrate that calcite phase LGBO:Ce exhibits more excellent phase stability than that of LBO:Ce under high pressure due to the superior compressibility of the [GaO6] octahedral unit. The optical band gap of LGBO decreases from 5.58 to 4.64 eV after introducing 10% Ga, which leads to the decreased nonradiative transition and about double luminescence intensity as expected. More interestingly, the charge transition from O2- to Ce4+ is observed at about 290 nm in the absorption spectra. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra indicate the ratio of Ce4+/Ce3+ increases with increasing concentration of Ga3+, which can be attributed to the variation of energy separation between the 4f ground state of Ce3+ and the Fermi energy level position. In contrast to the enhancement of PL intensity, the integrated X-ray excited luminescence intensity decreases after Ga3+ incorporation attributing to the result of both decreased effective atomic number and ionization energy between 5d1 level and conduction band. The thermal luminescence spectra show that after the incorporation of Ga3+ the oxygen vacancy and intrinsic defects in LBO remain unchanged but that the concentration of oxygen vacancy significantly reduces. The mechanism of Ga3+ incorporation on phase stability and luminescence properties of LBO:Ce has been proposed and discussed systematically.

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Lung Cancer: Comparison Between Turbo Spin-Echo and Echo-Planar Imaging.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for evaluating lung cancer using single-shot turbo spin-echo (TSE) and single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) in a 3T MR system. METHODS: Both single-shot TSE-DWI and single-shot EPI-DWI were scanned twice respectively for 15 patients with lung cancer. Distortion ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio were compared between the 2 techniques. The Bland-Altman analysis was performed to analyze reproducibility between the parameters of TSE-DWI and EPI-DWI. Short-term test-retest repeatability, as well as interobserver agreement, was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULT: Turbo spin-echo DWI has lower signal-to-noise ratio and similar contrast-to-noise ratio compared with EPI-DWI. Distortion ratio of TSE-DWI was significantly smaller than that of EPI-DWI. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and true diffusivity (D) of TSE-DWI showed higher values than those of EPI-DWI. The Bland-Altman analysis showed unacceptable limits of agreement between these 2 sequences. Test-retest repeatability was good for ADC and D of EPI-DWI (CV, 14.11%-16.60% and 17.08%-19.53%) and excellent for ADC and D of TSE-DWI (CV, 4.8%-6.19% and 6.05%-8.71%), but relatively poor for perfusion fraction (f) and pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) (CV, 25.95%-27.70% and 56.92%-71.84% for EPI, 23.67%-28.67% and 60.85%-70.17% for TSE). For interobserver agreement, both techniques were good to excellent in ADC and D (The lower limit of 95% confidence interval for ICC was almost all greater than 0.75), whereas D* and f had higher interobserver variabilities with D* of TSE-DWI showing poorest reproducibility (ICC, -0.27 to 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: Lung DWI or IVIM using TSE could provide distortion-free images and improve the test-retest robustness of ADC and D as compared with EPI-DWI; however, it might exert a negative effect on perfusion parameter D*.

Application of a brain-computer interface for person authentication using EEG responses to photo stimuli.

In this paper, a personal authentication system that can effectively identify individuals by generating unique electroencephalogram signal features in response to self-face and non-self-face photos is presented. To achieve performance stability, a sequence of self-face photographs including first-occurrence position and non-first-occurrence position are taken into account in the serial occurrence of visual stimuli. Additionally, a Fisher linear classification method and event-related potential technique for feature analysis is adapted to yield remarkably better outcomes than those obtained by most existing

Investigation on the mechanical properties of polyurea (PU)/melamine formaldehyde (MF) microcapsules prepared with different chain extenders.

There is lack of understanding on controlling of mechanical properties of moisture-curing PU/MF microcapsules which limited its further application. PU/MF microcapsules containing a core of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were prepared with different chain extenders, polyetheramine D400, H2O, triethylenetetramine and polyetheramine (PEA) D230 by following a two-step synthesis method in this study. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, Malvern particle sizing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And micromanipulation technique was used to identify chemical bonds in the shell, size distributions, structure, thickness, and mechanical properties of microcapsules. The results show that PU/MF microcapsules were successfully prepared. Tr increased from 46.4 ± 13.9 N/m to 75.8 ± 23.3 N/m when extender changed from D400 to D230. And the Tr increased from 51.3 ± 14.1 to 94.8 ± 17.5 N/m when the swelling time increased from 1 to 3h. Morphologies of the shell were utilised to understand the mechanism of reactions in forming the shell materials.

Preparation of polyurea/melamine formaldehyde double-layered self-healing microcapsules and investigation on core fraction.

Moisture curing type self-healing microcapsules become more attractive, while instability of active core material crippled the efficiency of self-healing behaviour. Polyurea (PU)/melamine formaldehyde (MF) double-layered self-healing microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) core with high and stable core fraction were prepared. The structure, morphology, particle size and distribution were studied with Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Mastersizer 3000. The influences of process conditions were investigated to uncover the principle of core fraction and morphology of microcapsules. The core fraction of microcapsules was reduced with the increase of ageing time, and microcapsules prepared with ice-bath, polyetheramine (PEA) and prepolymer of melamine formaldehyde (P-MF) had higher core fraction and better morphology. PEA D230 and 1500 rpm agitation rate were chosen according to optimised trade-offs in the core fraction and morphology of the microcapsules.

Pyridine-phosphinimine ligand-accelerated Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition for preparation of 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole derivatives.

A series of phosphinimine ligands were designed and used in the Cu(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction of tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines and alkynes for the first time. By optimizing the reaction conditions, an efficient catalytic system (CuCl/2-PyCH2N[double bond, length as m-dash]P(t)Bu3) was developed to give 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole derivatives in moderate to excellent yields (46-98%).

Copper-catalyzed direct alkylation of 1,3-azoles with N-tosylhydrazones bearing a ferrocenyl group: a novel method for the synthesis of ferrocenyl-based ligands.

Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of ferrocenyl ketone-derived N-tosylhydrazones with benzo[d]oxazole leads to the direct C-H bond functionalization by a secondary ferrocenyl alkyl group. This direct C-H bond alkylation of azoles with N-tosylhydrazones bearing a ferrocenyl group uses inexpensive CuBr as the catalyst without any ligand. The reaction is operationally simple and conducted under mild conditions, giving the corresponding ferrocenyl-based ligands in moderate to good yields. Furthermore, they were able to act as bidentate ligands, giving rise to the corresponding palladium chelated complex 6a-6c, which were obtained by reaction of 5a-5c with [PdCl2(MeCN)2].

Impact of cost sharing on quality improvement and profits under uncertain demand: The case of a textile and garment supply chain.

The study explores the strategic pricing and quality improvement decisions under uncertain demand in a three-layer textile and garment supply chain. According to whether the fabric manufacturer (FM) invests in quality or not and whether the garment manufacturer (GM) or garment retailer (GR) is willing to share the costs or not, five game models are constructed to investigate the impact of different members' cost sharing on the optimal decisions and profits. By conducting a theoretical and numerical analysis, we find that: (1) The GM's or GR's cost sharing plays a positive effect on the quality improvement, as for whose cost sharing performs better in improving the quality depending on the proportion of cost sharing, and the quality improvement is highest with both members share the costs simultaneously. (2) The FM receives the highest profit when both members share the costs simultaneously, however, whose cost sharing is more profitable for the FM is also related to the proportion of cost sharing; in short, the FM always benefits from the cost sharing, no matter one member does this or two members do this. (3) The GM (GR) gains the highest profit when only the GR (GM) shares the costs, and the results indicate that if one member has shared the costs, whether the other member engaging in cost sharing could benefit the former depending on their proportions. Specifically, when the GM (GR) chooses to share the costs and the proportion is relatively low, the GR(GM) joining in cost sharing is beneficial to the former; otherwise, is harmful.

Towards promoting wound healing: A near-infrared light-triggered persistently antibacterial, synergistically hemostatic nanoarchitecture-integrated chitosan hydrogel.

The skin, the primary barrier of the body, is inevitably broken. However, the development of materials that facilitate wound healing with sustained antimicrobial, hemostatic, and biocompatible properties remains a formidable challenge. In this article, we prepared a photopolymerizable composite hydrogel consisting of a hydrogel matrix, a hemostatic/antibacterial agent, and a photothermal therapy agent. The photopolymerizable hydrogel matrix was prepared by grafting the photoinitiator and polymerizable active monomer onto the chitosan chain segment, which exhibits excellent biocompatibility. Furthermore, linalool is adsorbed on the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to form a hemostatic and antibacterial. Meanwhile, dopamine is employed as a coating material for hollow glass microsphere (HGM), which enables them to function as photothermal therapy agents. Upon exposure to near-infrared radiation, the PHA hydrogel releases linalool molecules from the surface of the HNTs, which diffuse into the hydrogel matrix, resulting in a sustained antimicrobial effect. At the same time, rapid curing of the photopolymerizable hydrogel under UV light forms a physical barrier that synergistically enhances the hemostatic properties of the HNTs. From the above, the results pave the way to develop a potential hemostatic antimicrobial dressing for clinical use in wound healing.

Comparison of physicochemical parameters, microbial community composition and flavor substances during mechanical and traditional brewing process of Jiang-flavor baijiu.

Mechanized, automated and intelligent brewing is an important trend of innovation and transition in Jiang-flavor baijiu industry. In this study, physicochemical parameters, microbial community composition and flavor substances during 3rd round heap fermentation between mechanical and traditional workshop were investigated and compared based on traditional culturable methods, high-throughput sequencing technology and gas chromatography analysis. The dominant bacterial and fungal genera were consistent between the two workshops, but mechanized brewing had a significant impact on the composition of fungal communities. Rhodococcus and Monascus were special genera in mechanical workshop. The interaction relationship between physicochemical parameters and dominant microorganisms in mechanized workshop was different from traditional workshop as well. This study provided a scientific basis for further analyzing the mechanism of mechanized brewing of Jiang-flavor baijiu. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01483-y.

Edaravone Dexborneol mitigates pathology in animal and cell culture models of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting neuroinflammation and neuronal necroptosis.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease with limited disease-modifying treatments. Drug repositioning strategy has now emerged as a promising approach for anti-AD drug discovery. Using 5×FAD mice and Aß-treated neurons in culture, we tested the efficacy of Y-2, a compounded drug containing the antioxidant Edaravone (Eda), a pyrazolone and (+)-Borneol, an anti-inflammatory diterpenoid from cinnamon, approved for use in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. RESULTS: We examined effects of Y-2 versus Eda alone by i.p. administered in 8-week-old 5×FAD mice (females) for 4 months by comparing cognitive function, Aß pathologies, neuronal necroptosis and neuroinflammation. Using primary neurons and astrocytes, as well as neuronal and astrocytic cell lines, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms of Y-2 by examining neuronal injury, astrocyte-mediated inflammation and necroptosis. Here, we find that Y-2 improves cognitive function in AD mice. Histopathological data show that Y-2, better than Eda alone, markedly ameliorates Aß pathologies including Aß burden, astrogliosis/microgliosis, and Tau phosphorylation. In addition, Y-2 reduces Aß-induced neuronal injury including neurite damage, mitochondrial impairment, reactive oxygen species production and NAD+ depletion. Notably, Y-2 inhibits astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation and attenuates TNF-α-triggered neuronal necroptosis in cell cultures and AD mice. RNA-seq further demonstrates that Y-2, compared to Eda, indeed upregulates anti-inflammation pathways in astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings infer that Y-2, better than Eda alone, mitigates AD pathology and may provide a potential drug candidate for AD treatment.

Chitosan/tannic acid phenamine networks-hollow mesoporous silica capsules with reversible pH response: Controlled-releasing amino acid derivatives as "green" corrosion inhibitor.

A novel amino acid derivative (SM) was synthesized through Schiff base reaction between syringaldehyde (SA) and methionine (MTI), and loaded to obtain a reversible pH-responsive releasing corrosion inhibitor silica capsule (CS/TA@SM@HMSs) with chitosan/tannic acid phenamine networks on the surface. The corrosion inhibition effect of SM and CS/TA@SM@HMSs on Q235 was studied using electrochemical techniques and surface analysis. The results showed the maximum inhibition efficiency of SM reached to 93.2 % at 200ppm by immersing Q235 in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The theoretically calculated electron parameter (the energy gap ΔE = 4.492 eV) indicated that SM molecules were more susceptible to electron transfer with iron surfaces therefore allowing better adsorption on carbon steel surfaces to prevent corrosion. Meanwhile, UV-visible measurements showed that the chitosan/tannic acid phenamine network on the capsule surface responded to changes in pH. The reversible pH-responsive corrosion inhibitor capsule can be switched on and off several times to release SM, demonstrating reversible release and efficient corrosion protection. This study proposes a novel class of "green" amino acid derivative corrosion inhibitors, and establishes a controllable, efficient and reversible pH-responsive release system. A new approach is provided to stimulating the release of corrosion inhibitors in response to long-term corrosion protection of metals.

Design and synthesis of a new family of planar and central chiral ferrocenyl phosphine ligands.

A family of planar chiral indene-fused ferrocenes were prepared through an intramolecular asymmetric C-H arylation in excellent yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). They were thereafter successfully transformed to chiral ferrocenyl phosphines, featuring both planar and central chiralities, in good yields (up to 83%) and excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 99% de) through highly diastereoselective phosphination. This protocol offers a general method for planar and central chiral ferrocenyl phosphines. The potential applications of the newly developed ligands were demonstrated by a Pd-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation reaction, in which high enantioselectivity (92% ee) and good yield (89%) were obtained.

Effects of different storage containers on the flavor characteristics of Jiangxiangxing baijiu.

Storage is a key factor controlling the quality of Jiangxiangxing baijiu, and storage time and the type of storage container play crucial roles in shaping the baijiu's distinct flavor. To investigate the influence of storage containers on the flavor characteristics of Jiangxiangxing baijiu, the sensory qualities, flavor components, and metal ions of Jiangxiangxing baijiu were measured during 24 months of storage in a pottery jar or a stainless steel tank. The results showed that Jiangxiangxing baijiu preserved in a pottery jar was superior to that stored in a stainless steel tank. A total of 96 flavor substances were detected, and 17 key flavor characteristic substances were screened by combining the results of odor activity values (OAV) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). A correlation heat map and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that aluminum, cadmium, iron, cobalt, magnesium, potassium, and copper ions promoted the formation of key characteristic substances including diethoxymethane, lactic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-5-ethylpyrazine, 1-hexanol, and 2-methyl-1-propanol. Overall, the results show that 24-month pottery jar storage can promote the flavor quality of Jiangxiangxing baijiu. This study established a theoretical foundation to select the appropriate storage conditions and control the flavor quality of Jiangxiangxing baijiu.

Preparation and characterization of long-term antibacterial and pH-responsive Polylactic acid/Octenyl succinic anhydride-chitosan @ tea tree oil microcapsules.

Encapsulation technology can increase the stability and maintain the volatile active substances of plant essential oils. In the present study, tree essential oil (TTO) was encapsulated with polylactic acid (PLA) modified by octenyl succinic anhydride chitosan (OSA-CS) as shell materials to form long-term antibacterial and pH-responsive microcapsules. The PLA/OSA-CS@TTO microcapsules were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and antibacterial performance testing. The results showed that the average particle size of microcapsules was 10 µm, and the encapsulation efficiency and drug loading efficiency of TTO reached 81.5 % and 60.3 %. After 4800 min of release in media at different pH (5 and 7) still sequestered 55.32 % and 56.74 % of TTO which approved the shell of microcapsules responded to different pH values. The microcapsules remained stable for 80 days after drying, and preserving 39.7 % of the core material. The morphology of PLA/OSA-CS@TTO microcapsules revealed that the PLA/OSA-CS@TTO microcapsules presented smooth and firm structure. Antibacterial test for staphylococcus aureus of those microcapsules implied that the bacteriostatic rate reached 100 % after 72 h. Bio-based macromolecular modification strategies can provide inspiration for the development of green microcapsules.