RESUMO
R-CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone) and R-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone + rituximab) are immunochemotherapy regimens frequently used for remission induction of indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas (iNHLs). Rituximab maintenance (RM) significantly improves progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with complete/partial remission (CR/PR). Here we report the final results of a randomized study comparing R-CVP to R-CHOP both followed by RM. Untreated patients in need of systemic therapy with symptomatic and progressive iNHLs including follicular (FL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), small lymphocytic (SLL), and lymphoplasmacytic (LPL) lymphoma were eligible. Patients were randomized to receive R-CVP or R-CHOP for eight cycles or until complete response (CR). All patients with CR/PR (partial response) received RM 375 mg/m2 q 2 months for 12 cycles. Primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). Two-hundred and fifty patients [FL 42%, MZL/MALT 38%, LPL/ Waldenström Macroglobulinaemia (WM) 11%, SLL 9%] were enrolled and randomized (R-CHOP: 127, R-CVP: 123). Median age was 56 years (21-85), 44% were male, 90% were in stage III-IV, 43% of FL patients had a Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) score ≥3, and 33·4% of all patients had an IPI score ≥3. At the end of induction treatment, the CR/PR rate was 43·6/50·9% and 36·3/60·8% in the R-CHOP and R-CVP groups (P = 0·218) respectively. After a median follow-up of 67, 66, and 70 months, five-year EFS was 61% vs. 56% (not significant), progression-free survival (PFS) was 71% vs. 69% (not significant) and overall survival (OS) was 84% vs. 89% in the R-CHOP vs. the R-CVP arm respectively. Grade III/IV adverse events (65 vs. 22) occurred in 40 (33·1%) and 18 (15·3%) patients, P = 0·001; neutropenia in 16 (11·6%) and 4 (3·4%) patients, P = 0·017; infection in 14 (10·7%) and 3 (2·5%) patients,; P = 0·011; and a second neoplasm in three versus seven patients., in the R-CHOP and the R-CVP groups respectively. This multicentre randomized study with >five-year follow-up shows similar outcome in patients with indolent lymphoma in need of systemic therapy treated with R-CVP or R-CHOP immunochemotherapy and rituximab maintenance in both arms. The minor toxicity of the R-CVP regimen makes it a reasonable choice for induction treatment, leaving other active agents like doxorubicin or bendamustin for second-line therapy.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Imunoterapia/métodos , Linfoma Folicular/tratamento farmacológico , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Rituximab/uso terapêutico , Vincristina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Ciclofosfamida/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polônia , Prednisona/farmacologia , Rituximab/farmacologia , Vincristina/farmacologiaRESUMO
We presented a very rare case of the fistula to coronary artery during staphylococcal aortic valve endocarditis in a young man. The tranesophageal echocardiography detected vegetation on aortic valve leaflets and large regurgitatin. During transesophageal echocardiography the peri-anular multi-chamber abscess formation and fistulous communication to circumflex coronary artery was detected.
Assuntos
Valva Aórtica , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/etiologia , Endocardite Bacteriana/complicações , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/complicações , Infecções Estafilocócicas/complicações , Fístula Vascular/etiologia , Adulto , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Endocardite Bacteriana/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Ventrículos do Coração/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fístula Vascular/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Systemic lupus erythromatosus is often associated with an antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). A high prevalence of valvular heart disease in APS leads to increased risk of embolic events, particularly cerebrovascular. We present a patient with cerebral infarction, with positive lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies and factor V Leiden mutation. Echocardiographic examination revealed mitral valve anterior leaflet thickening and verrucous vegetations consistent with Libman-Sacks endocarditis, which is commonly associated with APS.
Assuntos
Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/complicações , Endocardite/complicações , Embolia Intracraniana/etiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Adulto , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/diagnóstico , Infarto Cerebral/etiologia , Ecocardiografia Doppler , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , RecidivaRESUMO
We report a case of a 33-year-old man with infective endocarditis of both atrioventricular valves coexisting with a congenital heart defect: atrioventricular canal defect. Transthoracic and transesopageal echocardiography showed complete atrioventricular canal defect and vegetations affecting both the normal mitral and tricuspid valves. The patient received a combined antibiotic therapy and was qualified for cardiosurgical correction.
Assuntos
Comunicação Atrioventricular/diagnóstico , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Adulto , Ecocardiografia , Eletrocardiografia , Comunicação Atrioventricular/complicações , Endocardite/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
We describe a patient with a severe, neoplastic pulmonary embolism due to primary cancer of the pancreas. The 40-year-old male was admitted to the haematology department with an initial diagnosis of lymphoma. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a mass in the right atrium. Transoesophageal echocardiography was performed and revealed two moving tumours: the first in the extend of the vena cava superior and the second one in the tricuspid valve annulus. After bronchoscopy the patient's haemodynamic condition deteriorated and was followed by cardiac arrest. Post-mortem examination showed extensive tumour emboli in the left pulmonary artery as well as pancreatic cancer at an advanced stage.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundário , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/complicações , Embolia Pulmonar/etiologia , Neoplasias Vasculares/secundário , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Adulto , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Evolução Fatal , Átrios do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Embolia Pulmonar/patologia , Neoplasias Vasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Veia Cava InferiorRESUMO
We report a patient with a large, asymptomatic left atrial myxoma detected by transoesophageal echocardiography. The tumour filled the great part of the left atrium cave and led to mitral valve obstruction. Surgical management gave an excellent result.
Assuntos
Átrios do Coração , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirurgia , Mixoma/diagnóstico , Mixoma/cirurgia , Ecocardiografia , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Neoplasias Cardíacas/complicações , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mixoma/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
We presented a case of symptomatic secondary cardiac B-cell lymphoma localised in the free wall of the right ventricle (RV). It was detected during transthoracic echocardiography and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The RV free wall motion abnormalities, decreased dimensions of RV and small pericardial effusion were found. The tumour dimensions declined after the first cycle of chemiotherapy with antracyclins.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfoma de Células B/diagnóstico por imagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Ecocardiografia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Neoplasias Cardíacas/complicações , Neoplasias Cardíacas/tratamento farmacológico , Ventrículos do Coração , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B/complicações , Linfoma de Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Derrame Pericárdico/etiologia , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Vincristina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
We presented a case of the large asymptomatic pericardial cyst localised near cardiac apex, filled with fluid of water- -equivalent density. The cyst was detected accidentally during transthoracic echocardiography and confirmed by 64-slice multi-detector computed tomography. Repeated transthoracic echocardiography was recommened.
Assuntos
Cisto Mediastínico/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
We presented a case of asymptomatic myxoma of the tricuspid valve septal leaflet. The tumour was diagnosed accidentally during rutine transthoracic echocardiography and confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography. It was resected and the septal leaflet repaired during surgery.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Mixoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Mixoma/cirurgia , Valva Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Tricúspide/cirurgia , Idoso , Ecocardiografia , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Feminino , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirurgia , Humanos , Achados IncidentaisRESUMO
Ebstein anomaly is a congenital malformation of the heart that is characterised by apical displacement of the septal and posterior tricuspid valve leaflets, leading to atrialisation of the right ventricle with a variable degree of malformation and displacement of the anterior leaflet. We present a case of a mild type Ebstein anomaly leading to moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation and some degree of right ventricular dysfunction.
Assuntos
Anomalia de Ebstein/complicações , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/etiologia , Disfunção Ventricular Direita/etiologia , Anomalia de Ebstein/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Átrios do Coração/anormalidades , Ventrículos do Coração/anormalidades , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Valva Tricúspide/anormalidades , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagem , Disfunção Ventricular Direita/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
We present a case of severe symptomatic tricuspid valve regurgitation due to shifting of the septal leaflet of the valve toward the interventricular septum by a permanent ventricular pacemaker lead, making coaptation of the tricuspid leflats in systole impossible.
Assuntos
Eletrodos Implantados/efeitos adversos , Marca-Passo Artificial/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/etiologia , Idoso , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Ecocardiografia Tridimensional/métodos , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
We reported a case of a 45 year-old woman who had a quadricuspid aortic valve associated with moderate aortic regurgitation. The valve abnormality was detected by transthoracic echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography showed mild thickening of 4 symmetric aortic valve cusps, a small rectangular central regurgitant orifice, and moderate aortic insufficiency. In addition visualised this anomaly in 3D transesophageal echocardiography too.
Assuntos
Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/etiologia , Valva Aórtica/anormalidades , Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Ecocardiografia Tridimensional/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
We present a rare case of fungal (Candida albicans) endocarditis on the two (mitral and aortic) biological prosthetic valves. Vegetations were detected by transthoracic echocardiography and confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography.