RESUMO
As the COVID-19 vaccination campaign progresses worldwide, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) vaccine-related cases have been reported. We carried out a retrospective, descriptive study of GBS patients following COVID-19 vaccine, submitted to the National Pharmacovigilance Center of Tunis during the period between March 2021 and May 2022. Our study aimed to identify epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 vaccine-associated GBS. We found 9 cases of GBS post COVID-19 vaccination; 5 of them were excluded due to the lack of information, whereas 4 cases were included in this study. Men represented 75% (3/4) of the cases. The most frequently reported vaccine type was ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (n = 2 reports [50%]), Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and BNT162b2 vaccine in 1. The mean time interval from vaccination to symptom onset was 15.3 days. Clinical manifestations were different: classical GBS in two cases and GBS with unilateral facial palsy in the other 2 cases. All patients were treated with a course of intravenous immunoglobulin for 5 days. Three patients reported clinical improvement while one case (25%) showed treatment-related fluctuations. Our observations suggest that COVID-19 vaccines may be associated with GBS. Continuous surveillance and further studies are warranted to assess the significance of the association.
Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré , Vacinas , Humanos , Masculino , Ad26COVS1 , Vacina BNT162 , ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , COVID-19/complicações , Vacinas contra COVID-19/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vacinação/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The spectrum of cutaneous eruptions associated with dihydropyridines is extensive, varying from exanthemas to severe adverse events. We report a case of bullous eruption, one month after starting nicardipine and lercanidipine. The same symptoms recurred few days after taking nitrendipine.
Assuntos
Di-Hidropiridinas/efeitos adversos , Nicardipino/efeitos adversos , Dermatopatias Vesiculobolhosas/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Hipertensivos/efeitos adversos , Anti-Hipertensivos/imunologia , Reações Cruzadas , Di-Hidropiridinas/administração & dosagem , Di-Hidropiridinas/imunologia , Toxidermias/diagnóstico , Toxidermias/imunologia , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão/imunologia , Nicardipino/administração & dosagem , Nicardipino/imunologia , Dermatopatias Vesiculobolhosas/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias Vesiculobolhosas/imunologiaRESUMO
We report a rare case of facial hyperpigmentation during imatinib therapy for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Benzamidas/efeitos adversos , Dermatoses Faciais/induzido quimicamente , Hiperpigmentação/induzido quimicamente , Piperazinas/efeitos adversos , Pirimidinas/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Benzamidas/administração & dosagem , Benzamidas/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/patologia , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/tratamento farmacológico , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Humanos , Mesilato de Imatinib , Piperazinas/administração & dosagem , Piperazinas/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/administração & dosagem , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/efeitos adversos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas/administração & dosagem , Pirimidinas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
We describe two cases of fixed drug eruptions induced by pheniramine (1(st) case) and loratadine (2(nd) case).
RESUMO
We describe two cases of fixed drug eruptions induced by pheniramine (1(st) case) and loratadine (2(nd) case).
Assuntos
Toxidermias/etiologia , Eritema/induzido quimicamente , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/efeitos adversos , Toxidermias/patologia , Eritema/patologia , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Hiperpigmentação/induzido quimicamente , Hiperpigmentação/patologia , Loratadina/administração & dosagem , Loratadina/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feniramina/administração & dosagem , Feniramina/efeitos adversosRESUMO
We report an exceptional case of bullous lichen induced by metformin in a patient with diabetes mellitus.
Assuntos
Toxidermias/etiologia , Hipoglicemiantes/efeitos adversos , Erupções Liquenoides/induzido quimicamente , Metformina/efeitos adversos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Toxidermias/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Erupções Liquenoides/patologia , Metformina/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to the fast development of vaccines, which is considered a medical advance in healthcare. With the extensive vaccination campaign performed worldwide, many adverse events following immunization (AEFI) were reported. Most of them were flu-like symptoms, mild and self-limiting. However, serious adverse events, such as dermatomyositis (DM), an idiopathic autoimmune connective tissue disease, have also been reported. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we describe a case of skin erythema, edema, and diffuse myalgia attributed at first to Pfizer BioNTeh, COVID-19 vaccination, given the temporal relationship and the absence of significant medical history. The causality assessment score was I1B2. However, after completing the etiological assessment, an invasive breast carcinoma was identified, and we retained the diagnosis of paraneoplastic DM. CONCLUSION: This study underlines the importance of completing the etiological assessment before attributing any adverse reaction to vaccination to maintain optimal patient care.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes , Neoplasias da Mama , COVID-19 , Dermatomiosite , Humanos , Feminino , Vacinas contra COVID-19/efeitos adversos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Dermatomiosite/diagnóstico , Dermatomiosite/etiologia , VacinaçãoAssuntos
Diclofenaco/efeitos adversos , Toxidermias/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Hipersensibilidade a Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Eosinofilia/diagnóstico , Toxidermias/complicações , Síndrome de Hipersensibilidade a Medicamentos/complicações , Eosinofilia/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are widely used in therapy. They are mainly indicated in the treatment of epilepsy and some psychiatric pathologies as well as for their analgesic action. Their cutaneous adverse effects (CAE) are common, often mild but sometimes serious. The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological and clinical features of CAE occurring in adults and elderly patients (aged over 20 years-old) and to identify the most implicated AED. We conducted a descriptive retrospective study over a period of five years from January 2017 to December 2022 about CAE of AED in adults and elderly patients notified to The National Center Chalbi Belkahia of Pharmacovigilance (Tunis,Tunisia). All cases were analyzed according to the updates French methods of imputability. We collected 71 cases of patients aged over 20 years old who presented CAE to AED. The age ranged from 20 to 79 years (mean age=44.8 years). The sex ratio F/M was 0.7. AED were indicated for neurological pathology in 70.5% of cases, for psychiatric pathology in 15.9% of cases and for their analgesic action in 12.9% of cases. Epilepsy was the first indication (51.1% of cases). The most notified CAE in our study were drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome; 34% of cases), maculopapular exanthema (MPE; 26% of cases), erythematous rash (8% of cases) and photosensitivity in 5% of cases. Severe cutaneous adverse reactions were accounted for 37% of all CAE. The most implicated AED were carbamazepine (52%), phenobarbital (24%) and lamotrigine (18%). However, further study with a larger number of patients and in collaboration with prescribing physicians are needed to better clarify features of CAE associated with AED intake and specify the risk factors, specific to our Tunisian population.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Liposomal amphotericin B is a widely used broad-spectrum antifungal drug. It was developed to reduce nephrotoxicity and maximize the therapeutic utility of amphotericin B in the treatment of invasive fungal infections. Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome commonly associated with aromatic antiepileptic drugs. Liposomal amphotericin-B was associated with DRESS syndrome in only one case. CASE REPORT: We report an exceptional case of possible DRESS syndrome associated with liposomal amphotericin B in a 31-year-old male renal transplant recipient. Seventeen days after starting liposomal amphotericin B for visceral leishmaniosis, he developed a skin rash with elevated liver tests. Liposomal amphotericin B was then discontinued. A favourable outcome was slowly observed in one month. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This case scored two (possible case) based on the criteria adopted by the European group RegiSCAR. The Naranjo score for liposomal amphotericin B was four (possible).
Assuntos
Síndrome de Hipersensibilidade a Medicamentos , Transplante de Rim , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Anfotericina B/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Hipersensibilidade a Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Hipersensibilidade a Medicamentos/etiologia , Antifúngicos/efeitos adversosRESUMO
AIM: Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) is a COVID-19 vaccine with a reassuring safety profile. The main adverse reactions are mild local reactions. Cutaneous reactions are generally minor. The most common cutaneous reaction reported was a local injection-site reaction. CASE STUDY: Here we present 2 cases of erythema multiform (EM) following BNT162b2 vaccination with positive rechallenge. The 1st case was about a 51-year-old woman who developed 5 days after the 1st dose of the mRNA Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) a macular, erythematous, round-shaped lesions on the hands, knees and soles. She experienced a positive rechallenge one month later. In the 2nd case, a 55-year-old man presented 6 days following the 2nd shot of the mRNA Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2), targetoid eruption on the upper and lower members. The patient reported that he had the same skin lesions in ankles and soles few days following the 1st shot of the same vaccine. CONCLUSION: Few cases of EM following COVID-19 vaccination were reported in the literature and positive rechallenge in only one case. Rechallenge was not performed in most cases. Our two cases are particular because of the positive rechallenge in both patients. This is the gold standard to confirm that the vaccine was the culprit agent in inducing EM.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are responsible for multiple side effects, especially hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions can either be authentic allergies or non-allergic hypersensitivity reactions. Skin tests (prick and intradermal tests) are simple to perform and can be of great help, especially if the ICM needs to be re-used. The aim of the study was to assess the characteristics of the patients in whom skin tests were performed and the results of these tests. METHODS: This is a retrospective study from June 2014 to June 2019. All included patients had at least one episode of hypersensitivity reaction to ICM and underwent skin tests. RESULTS: We included 35 patients aged 18 to 85 years. The iopromide was the most implicated ICM. The reactions were mainly cutaneous (n=30) and immediate (n=27). The skin tests were negative, except for two patients. The re-use of ICM occurred in 11 patients: 9 with an ICM other than the one suspected and two patients with the same ICM. Among these patients, 5 did not have any premedication. Two of them had a second hypersensitivity reaction, the first with another ICM and the second with the same ICM. CONCLUSION: One of the main pillars of allergic exploration is ICM skin testing, not only to prevent a recurrence, but also to allow patients to benefit from ICM re-use, which are sometimes essential.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade a Drogas , Compostos de Iodo , Meios de Contraste/efeitos adversos , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Humanos , Compostos de Iodo/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
Introduction: Myocarditis is an adverse reaction discovered after the marketing of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Nevertheless, this effect is not mentioned as an adverse reaction in the summary of product characteristics of other types of vaccines against this disease. Objective: In this work, we aim to present the cases of myocarditis after vaccination against COVID-19 reported to the national Tunisian centre of pharmacovigilance. Method: We present the cases of myocarditis reported after the COVID-19 vaccination. All cases are diagnosed according to Brighton's case definition of myocarditis. The vaccines causality assessment was estimated by the French imputability updated method of Bégaud et al. Results: We included five patients. The sex ratio (M/F) was 4. The mean age was 30 years. All patients had no notable cardiovascular history and did not report any significant past medical history. The onset of symptoms was two days post-vaccination in three patients. The predominant reported symptoms are chest pain and dyspnea in the five cases. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the myocarditis diagnosis in four patients (not performed for one patient).All cases were classified as definitive cases according to the Brighton case definition of myocarditis. No patient required hospitalization in a cardiac intensive care unit. All the patients recovered from acute myocarditis within a few days. Conclusion: Reported cases of myocarditis post-COVID-19 vaccination in our population are rare, not severe, and have a quick favorable outcome.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy drugs can be responsible of several side effects such as hand-foot syndrome (HFS). This syndrome is also called "palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia" and "acral erythema." Without proper management, it can deteriorate the quality of life of a patient, leading to temporary or definitive stop of chemotherapy. AIM OF THIS STUDY: To identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients, the risk factors for occurrence and worsening of this syndrome, and the drugs most likely to be responsible of HFS. METHODS: Our study was retrospective, including 42 patients with HFS secondary to a chemotherapy drug. These cases were notified to the National Center of Pharmacovigilance over 7 years. The severity of HFS has been classified according to the NCI-CTCAE v4.0 classification. RESULTS: Our population was composed of 40 women and 2 men. The mean age was 51 years. Docetaxel was the main drug associated with this adverse effect. Hands were involved in all cases and were sometimes associated with other skin surfaces apart from feet. Erythema of the hands and/or feet was present in all patients; it was associated with edema in more than half of the cases. The distribution of different grades according to the NCI-CTCAE classification among the patients was almost equal: 28% Grade 1, 36% Grade 2, and 36% Grade 3. HFS occurred mainly after the first course of chemotherapy with a mean period of 3-4 days. The regression of HFS occurred more rapidly for Grade 1 and Grade 2 compared with Grade 3, especially when assisted by symptomatic treatment. The recurrence rate of HFS for those patients with decreased doses, spacing of cures, and/or symptomatic and prophylaxis treatment was 25%. CONCLUSION: An early detection of HFS, associated with preventive measures, enables patients to continue the chemotherapy.
Assuntos
Síndrome Mão-Pé , Eritema/induzido quimicamente , Eritema/epidemiologia , Feminino , Síndrome Mão-Pé/epidemiologia , Síndrome Mão-Pé/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Immunization plays an important role in achieving global health goals. Thus, vaccination is one of the essential means of preventing infectious and viral diseases. The onset of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) is common and most of the time it is a mild effect. However, stimulating the immune system during critical periods of brain development can lead to neurological effects. Among the neurological effects, we were interested in this work by seizures appearing following vaccination.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos , Vacinas , Humanos , Vacinas/efeitos adversos , Imunização/efeitos adversos , Vacinação/efeitos adversos , Convulsões/induzido quimicamenteAssuntos
Antifúngicos/efeitos adversos , Toxidermias/etiologia , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/etiologia , Miconazol/efeitos adversos , Prurido/etiologia , Escroto , Técnicas e Procedimentos Diagnósticos , Toxidermias/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prurido/diagnósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Metformin is an oral antihypoglycemic drug. Its cutaneous side effects are rare and photosensitivity had not been reported. AIM: Case report. CASE REPORT: We report 3 cases (a man and two women) of photosensitivity induced by metformin, notified to the Tunisian National Centre of Pharmacovigilance. Onset of the reaction was respectively 22 days, 4 months and 4 years. Daily dose of metformin varied from 1 to 2 tablets. Cutaneous lesions were located in sun-exposed sites in all cases with extension to the back in one case. Lesions were eczematous in two cases and erythematous in one case. Lesions healed after stopping metformin in all cases with positive rechallenge in the 1st case. CONCLUSION: In patient treated by metformin, occurrence of photosensitivity can be related to this drug.
Assuntos
Hipoglicemiantes/efeitos adversos , Metformina/efeitos adversos , Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade/induzido quimicamente , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that may be initiated or exacerbated by some drug intakes. Some of the most common medications known to trigger or worsen existing psoriasis include lithium, gold salts, beta blockers and antimalarials. CONCLUSION: We report an exceptional case of plantar psoriasis in a woman who was treated by olmesartan for 3 years.