RESUMO
Anti-pigmentation peptides have been developed as alternative skin-lightening agents to replace conventional chemicals that have adverse effects on the skin. However, the maximum size of these peptides is often limited by their low skin and cell penetration. To address this issue, we used our intra-dermal delivery technology (IDDT) platform to identify peptides with hypo-pigmenting and high cell-penetrating activity. Using our cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) from the IDDT platform, we identified RMNE1 and its derivative RMNE3, "DualPep-Shine", which showed levels of α-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanin inhibition comparable to the conventional tyrosinase inhibitor, Kojic acid. In addition, DualPep-Shine was delivered into the nucleus and regulated the gene expression levels of melanogenic enzymes by inhibiting the promoter activity of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor-M (MITF-M). Using a 3D human skin model, we found that DualPep-Shine penetrated the lower region of the epidermis and reduced the melanin content in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, DualPep-Shine showed high safety with little immunogenicity, indicating its potential as a novel cosmeceutical ingredient and anti-pigmentation therapeutic agent.
Assuntos
Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células , Melaninas , Melanócitos , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele , Pigmentação da Pele , Transcrição Gênica , Melaninas/antagonistas & inibidores , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/genética , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , alfa-MSH/antagonistas & inibidores , alfa-MSH/metabolismo , Humanos , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/química , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/farmacologia , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/química , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/farmacologia , Melanoma Experimental , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/química , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/química , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/farmacologia , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Epiderme/efeitos dos fármacos , Epiderme/metabolismoRESUMO
This paper presents the results of measurements from simultaneous human exposure to various radiofrequency (RF) signals at densely populated areas. Measurements were performed at 1260 positions across Korea to determine exposure compliance to electromagnetic fields for the general public. The measured exposure levels were very low compared with the international exposure guidelines and Korean human protection notice. The highest total exposure ratio was 5.1 × 10(-3) (approximately 7.1% of guideline limits).
Assuntos
Exposição Ambiental/estatística & dados numéricos , Densidade Demográfica , Ondas de Rádio , Tecnologia sem Fio/instrumentação , Tecnologia sem Fio/estatística & dados numéricos , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Ondas de Rádio/efeitos adversos , República da CoreiaRESUMO
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by skin inflammation, itching, and redness. Although various treatments can alleviate symptoms, they often come with side effects, highlighting the need for new treatments. Here, we discovered a new peptide-based therapy using the intra-dermal delivery technology (IDDT) platform developed by Remedi Co., Ltd (REMEDI). The platform screens and identifies peptides derived from proteins in the human body that possess cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) properties. We screened over 1000-peptides and identified several derived from the Speckled protein (SP) family that have excellent CPP properties and have anti-inflammatory effects. We assessed these peptides for their potential as a treatment for atopic dermatitis. Among them, the RMSP1 peptide showed the most potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways while possessing CPP properties. To further improve efficacy and stability, we developed a palmitoylated version called Pal-RMSP1. Formulation studies using liposomes (Pal-RMSP1 LP) and micelles (Pal-RMSP1 DP) demonstrated improved anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and enhanced therapeutic effects in vivo. Our study indicates that nano-formulated Pal-RMSP1 could have the potential to become a new treatment option for atopic dermatitis.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica , Nanopartículas , Humanos , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologiaRESUMO
Two types of artificial reefs, one for simple (S-AR), another for complex artificial reef (C-AR), were installed on a Korean coast of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) where a barren ground was progressive. Compared with macrobenthic organisms at NHB (natural hard bottom) control, AR (artificial reef) enhanced seaweed composition, reducing echinoderm composition, mostly sea urchins, the causative animal of the barren ground. Composition of the two mutually exclusive communities was AR type-specific, the C-AR exerting betterfunction over S-AR by enhancing higher seaweed composition. However this ecosystem-sound composition at C-AR was maintained only within 10 years. Another negative aspect of the AR was an unexpectedly higher composition of tunicates that canbe a sign of nutrient-rich environment in the Korean waters. Overall, CAR was more agreeable when simply based on its function excluding construction cost.