[Infanticide in the postpartum period: about a clinical case]. / Infanticide en post-partum: à propos d'un cas.

BACKGROUND: Infanticide is an extremely traumatic criminal act, which has psychopathologic repercussions and severe sociofamilial consequences. It is marked by its plurality of forms, the variety of its aspects and the frequency of its hidden cases. Circumstances and modes of completion of the infanticide act are variable according to the nature of the author and the sociocultural context. Infanticide is often situated within the framework of an acute and a chronic structured psychiatric pathology (puerperal psychosis, maniacodepressive psychosis, schizophrenia, epilepsy, substance abuse, etc.). Sometimes, it is connected to sociocultural constraints and confusions of adaptation of the postpartum stage. The psychopathologic justifications evoke a profound dysfunction of the mother-child interactions, fears of division and the infantile and regressive characteristics of the mother. The medicolegal issue of responsibility of the author of infanticide is complex. Treatment depends on the mental pathology of the author; psychotherapeutic efforts are required in parallel with pharmacological treatment. The role of psychiatrists in preventing the act of infanticide is crucial. This consists in detecting the populations at risk, identifying the psychiatric complications of the postpartum stage and ensuring an adequate coordination of the maternity team and the social services. CASE-REPORT: The infanticide acts reported in the literature are situated in diverse contexts and are motivated by various circumstances. We report a case of a young woman without any personal or family psychiatric history; she is married and has a stable matrimonial life. She was hospitalised following a suicide attempt and subsequently killed her child by strangulation; this occurred ten days after giving birth. The murder took place during a first psychotic episode that arose brutally one week after delivery and essentially included persecution mania, inconsistent comments, auditive hallucinations, indifference and emotional coolness. This symptomatology lasted four months and totally regressed with antipsychotics. The diagnosis of a puerperal psychosis was evoked at first, having eliminated major melancholic depression and any organic affection. CONCLUSION: The illustration of our clinical case shows to what extent the role of the psychiatrist is essential in preventing and ensuring the therapeutic stage of such psychiatric disorders arising during the postpartum stage, which would complicate infanticide acts at any time.

[Female drug abuse in a university setting]. / La toxicomanie féminine en milieu universitaire.

Morocco is a country with Muslim-Arab tradition. In this sociocultural context, drug abuse in women is very taboo. We tried to approach the subject of drug use in women in a cross-sectional study of a sample of 1208 students (744 women and 464 men) who completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. We found 6.59% of women and 36.2% of men used drugs. Using DSM IV criteria, drug dependence was found in 2% of the subsample of female drug users and drug abuse in 1.5%. Place of residence and level of income were statistically significant risk factors for drug use.

Serum melatonin and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in major depression.

In this study, serum melatonin and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) were measured in 14 major depressive inpatients, compared to 14 matched controls according to age, gender, season and hormonal treatment in women. Moreover, the relationship between serum melatonin and urinary aMT6s levels was analysed in the two groups. Results indicated that the two groups of subjects showed a clear melatonin rhythm without significant difference in the mean level of melatonin or aMT6s, in the area under the curve of melatonin or in the melatonin peak. However, the time of the nocturnal melatonin peak secretion was significantly delayed in depressive subjects as compared to healthy controls. Moreover, the depressed patients showed urinary aMT6s concentrations enhanced in the morning compared to night time levels, while these concentrations were lowered from the night to the morning in the control group. These results suggest that the melatonin production is phase-shifted in major depression.

[Female drug abuse in a university setting]

Morocco is a country with Muslim-Arab tradition. In this sociocultural context, drug abuse in women is very taboo. We tried to approach the subject of drug use in women in a cross-sectional study of a sample of 1208 students [744 women and 464 men] who completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. We found 6.59% of women and 36.2% of men used drugs. Using DSM IV criteria, drug dependence was found in 2% of the subsample of female drug users and drug abuse in 1.5%. Place of residence and level of income were statistically significant risk factors for drug use