Effect of incision length, location, and shape on local corneoscleral deformation during cataract surgery.

The effect of incision length, location, and shape on the structural integrity of the globe was examined using finite element analysis by comparing the radial deformation of the corneoscleral tissue adjacent to the incision. The results show that incision length had the greatest adverse effect, 12 mm incisions causing deformations an order of magnitude higher than the distension of the intact globe at 20 mm Hg. The least structural disturbance was produced by 3 mm scleral pocket incisions.

Knife versus neodymium:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy: a one-year follow-up.

To study the effectiveness of the neodymium:YAG laser for secondary posterior capsulotomy, 100 limbal needle-knife discissions were compared to 100 YAG discissions. After a one-year follow-up, the "post-knife" and "post-YAG" visual acuities were compared to (1) the prediscission vision, and (2) the best vision achieved following cataract surgery prior to posterior capsule opacification. Additional comparisons rated the relative "success" of the two procedures in producing improved visual acuity. When compared to best post-cataract vision, the results at one year showed knife discission to be a success in 94.6% of all cases; the YAG, in 80% of all cases. When patients with preexisting pathology were eliminated from the comparison (there was a higher percentage of preexisting pathology in the YAG group), the knife discissions were successful in 98.5% of the cases, the YAG in 84.6%. The patients in the knife group also recovered their best visual acuity more promptly and completely than did those in the YAG group and had a lower incidence of complications.

The Knolle-Pearce irrigating loop.

Use of an irrigating lens loop which maximizes fluid flow eliminates the need for direct pressure or counter-pressure as the lens nucleus is removed from the anterior segment and also protects the internal structure of the globe from surgical trauma.

Surgical techniques for management of the posterior capsule.

Surgical techniques for management of the posterior capsule vary depending upon personal preference. Five different techniques are presented here, polishing, vacuuming, a combination of polishing and vacuuming, freezing, and chemical agents.

[Symptom: changes at the corners of the mouth (author's transl)]. / Symptom: Mundwinkelveränderungen.

The multiplicity of the pathological changes discussed have already been called many names: rhagades, perlèche, angular cheilosis, interlabial mycosis. It is often a poly-etiologic disease picture the causes of which must be recognized and then if necessary be clarified in greater detail by close interdisciplinary cooperation. Beside the common internal and dermatological diseases which may lead to changes at the angles of the mouth it is intended to show which dental and stomatological considerations are to be included in the differential diagnosis and therapy of this symptom complex.

Persistent elevation in intraocular pressure after Nd:YAG laser treatment.

A bilaterally pseudophakic patient, who had no previous evidence of glaucoma, underwent Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and dispersal of vitreous syneresis opacities of his left eye. The eye developed persistent intraocular pressure elevation and visual field loss, requiring medical therapy and argon laser trabeculoplasty. His fellow eye remained normotensive after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Nd:YAG laser treatment can result in chronic intraocular pressure elevation and glaucomatous visual field loss.

A review of 1,147 cases of Sheets lens implantations.

A review of 1,147 Sheets Style 30 intraocular lens implantations is presented. The incidence of complications is similar to or less than that of J-loop lenses. In-the-bag placement appears to eliminate some of the problems associated with J-loop lenses placed in the ciliary sulcus.