Multiresistant bacteria isolated from domestic and wild animals with skin lesions were susceptible to native plants from Southern Brazil.

We evaluated the chemical composition, toxicity, and antibacterial activity of Schinus terebinthifolia (SCH), Eugenia uniflora (EUG), Persicaria hydropiperoides (PER), Equisetum hyemale (EQU), Solidago chilensis (SOL), and Baccharis trimera (BRA). These plants were tested (7.5-0.01 mg/mL) against Gram-positive (G+; n = 32) and Gram-negative (G-; n = 26) isolates from animals (M07-A9, CLSI). Antibiogram (disk diffusion), chromatographic analysis (UPLC), and toxicity assay (HET-CAM) were also performed. A high incidence of resistance was noted, in which 18.4% (07/38) of G+ (Staphylococcus intermedius/Enterococcus faecium) and 17.7% (06/34) of G- (Pseudomonas aeruginosa/Escherichia coli/Proteus mirabilis) were multidrug-resistant. All bacteria were sensitive (MIC50) to SCH (both 3.75 mg/mL), EUG (3.75 mg/mL and 7.5 mg/mL, respectively) and PER (both 7.5 mg/mL). SCH/EUG/PER highlighted as antibacterial, probably due to the major compounds (ethyl gallate, quinic acid, quercetin). These extracts showed normal embryonic development (SCH/EUG: 7.5-0.94 mg/mL). These findings highlighted the promising use of native plants for therapeutic purposes.

Bovine Colostrum Silage: Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics at Different Fermentation Times.

Bovine colostrum silage (BCS) is a technique used by milk producers for the conservation of bovine colostrum. However, it is necessary to ensure the safety and quality of BCS, as this food will be supplied to the animals. This study aimed to compare the physicochemical and microbiological compositions of colostrum silage at different fermentation times with milk and bovine colostrum (BC) quality parameters. BC samples were obtained from Jersey animals from one dairy farm. The BC samples (n = 21) were placed in 500-mL plastic bottles, stored vertically and anaerobically fermented for periods of 61-437 days. The following parameters of the physicochemical composition of the BCS were evaluated: acidity, protein, total solids and ash, using the methodologies of Adolfo Lutz Institute (2008). The microbiological analysis was developed according to the methodology proposed by Saalfeld et al. (2013), with adaptations. The acidity, total solids and protein over fermentation time (group 1: 61 to 154, group 2: 200 to 273, and group 3: 280 to 437 days) were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The ash content was significantly different (P < 0.05) in groups 1 and 3 and showed a decrease (moderate negative correlation of -0.63) with increasing fermentation time. Positive correlations were observed between total solids and the protein and ash contents. The genus of microorganisms with the highest occurrence was Lactobacillus spp. (95.2% of BCS) and those of lesser occurrence included Escherichia spp., Actinomadura spp., Streptococcus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. (4.8% of BCS). BCS has a physicochemical composition similar to BC and showed changes during the fermentation period; however, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in BCSs reinforces the need to further explore the quality parameters for BCS to ensure the safety of animals who receive this food.

Isolamento de Arcanobacterium pyogenes de granuloma actinomicóide em bovino / Isolation of Arcanobacterium pyogenes of actinomycotic-like granuloma in a cow

Foi observada em um bovino com suspeita de lechiguana, uma lesäo arredondada de consistência dura na regiäo sub-mandibular que media 12x11x7cm. Foram realizadas biópsias cirúrgicas para estudos bacteriológico e histológico, teste de tuberculinizaçäo intra-dérmico e coleta de sangue, a fim de realizar o teste de imunodifusäo radial para o diagnóstico de lechiguana. Posteriormente, foi realizada eutanásia e necropsia do animal. No resultado das biópsias, näo se obteve isolamento bacteriano e o estudo histológico näo foi conclusivo. Os testes de tuberculinizaçäo e de imunodifusäo apresentaram resultado negativo. Na necropsia, constatou-se que a lesäo consistia de um nódulo, formado por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo envolvendo uma massa esbranquiçada com grânulos amarelados de até 3mm de diâmetro. Através de histologia, constataram-se piogranulomas multifocais, com um infiltrado de neutrófilos circundando rosetas formadas por colônias bacterianas no centro e corpúsculos de Splendore-Hoeppli na periferia; ao redor desse infiltrado purulento observaram-se células epitelióides e tecido fibroso infiltrado por linfócitos. Arcanobacterium pyogenes foi isolado em cultura pura do material obtido na necropsia. Conclui-se que A. pyogenes poderia ter participaçäo na etiologia de granuloma com características clínicas e patológicas semelhantes à lechiguana, tuberculose e actinobacilose.