RESUMO
The false aneurysm of the left ventricle is a rare complication after a mitral valvular surgery. It results from the rupture of the ventricular wall inside an adhering pericardium, thus constituting a cavity whose wall is devoid of myocardial elements and communicates with the ventricle by a large collar. Its clinical presentation remains not very specific with an insidious spontaneous evolution which is generally done towards rupture with sudden death by tamponade. Various sophisticated modern diagnostic techniques allows a precise diagnosis. The letal nature of this lesion must be recognized and justifies an immediate surgical repair. We report the case of a 68 years old patient who presented herself in consultation of cardiology with a NYHA IIb (New York Heart Association) cardiac failure 4 months after a surgery of mitral valvular replacement. The transthoracic echography showed a voluminous false aneurysm of the left ventricle confirmed by cardiac CT scan. She has benefited from an anevrismectomy with good clinic evolution. This observation illustrates the late and silent character of the development of the false aneurysm of the left ventricle after mitral valvular surgery.
Le faux anévrysme du ventricule gauche est une complication rare après chirurgie valvulaire mitrale1. Il résulte de la rupture de la paroi du ventricule dans le péricarde adhérant, constituant ainsi une cavité dont le mur est dépourvu d'éléments myocardiques et qui communique avec le ventricule par un large collet. Sa présentation clinique reste peu spécifique avec une évolution spontanée insidieuse qui se fait le plus souvent vers la rupture avec mort subite par tamponnade1,2. Diverses techniques diagnostiques modernes permettent un diagnostic précis. La nature potentiellement létale de cette lésion doit être reconnue et justifie une réparation chirurgicale immédiate. Nous rapportons le cas d'une patiente âgée de 68 ans qui s'est présentée en consultation de cardiologie avec un tableau d'insuffisance cardiaque gauche stade IIB selon la New York Heart Association (NYHA) 4 mois après une chirurgie de remplacement valvulaire mitral. L'échographie transthoracique a montré un volumineux faux anévrysme de la paroi inférolatérale du ventricule gauche, confirmé par le scanner cardiaque. Elle a bénéficié d'une anévrysmectomie avec bonne évolution clinique. Cette observation illustre le caractère tardif et parfois silencieux du développement du faux anévrysme du ventricule gauche après chirurgie valvulaire mitrale.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The incorporation of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) into the management of operable breast cancer (BC) has been hampered by the heterogeneous results from different studies. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of ctDNA in patients with operable (non metastatic) BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL) and conference proceedings was conducted to identify studies reporting the association of ctDNA detection with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with stage I-III BC. Log-hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled at each timepoint of ctDNA assessment (baseline, after neoadjuvant therapy, and follow-up). ctDNA assays were classified as primary tumor-informed and non tumor-informed. RESULTS: Of the 3174 records identified, 57 studies including 5779 patients were eligible. In univariate analyses, ctDNA detection was associated with worse DFS at baseline [HR 2.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.92-4.63], after neoadjuvant therapy (HR 7.69, 95% CI 4.83-12.24), and during follow-up (HR 14.04, 95% CI 7.55-26.11). Similarly, ctDNA detection at all timepoints was associated with worse OS (at baseline: HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.60-4.77; after neoadjuvant therapy: HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.44-5.14; and during follow-up: HR 9.19, 95% CI 3.26-25.90). Similar DFS and OS results were observed in multivariate analyses. Pooled HRs were numerically higher when ctDNA was detected at the end of neoadjuvant therapy or during follow-up and for primary tumor-informed assays. ctDNA detection sensitivity and specificity for BC recurrence ranged from 0.31 to 1.0 and 0.7 to 1.0, respectively. The mean lead time from ctDNA detection to overt recurrence was 10.81 months (range 0-58.9 months). CONCLUSIONS: ctDNA detection was associated with worse DFS and OS in patients with operable BC, particularly when detected after treatment and using primary tumor-informed assays. ctDNA detection has a high specificity for anticipating BC relapse.