RESUMO
Objective: To investigate gut microbial composition in Latino infants in relation to breastfeeding, obesity, and antibiotic exposure.Method: We analyzed the gut microbiome in 6-month-old Latino infants from an ongoing urban mother-child cohort. Alpha and beta diversity were assessed in relation to infants' early dietary exposure and anthropometrics including obesity.Results: Infants exclusively breastfed at 4 to 6 weeks had lower alpha diversity and less bacterial abundance compared with those who did not. Breastfeeding status at 4 to 6 weeks and 6 months of age accounted for differences in alpha and beta diversity. Infants who were obese at 6 months of age had higher levels of alpha diversity compared with non-obese infants.Conclusions: Early exclusive breastfeeding and obesity impacts microbial diversity by 6 months of age in Latino infants, a group at high risk for future obesity.
Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Obesidade Infantil/etnologia , Obesidade Infantil/microbiologia , Antropometria , Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Aleitamento Materno , Exposição Dietética/efeitos adversos , Fezes/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , RNA Ribossômico 16S/análiseRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association of adolescent BMI trajectory with adult metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and with intergenerational obesity. METHODS: This study used data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Growth and Health Study (1987-1997). Data from the 20-year follow-up (2016-2019) study were included from the original participants (N = 624) and their children (N = 645). Adolescent BMI trajectories were identified using latent trajectory modeling. Mediation analysis using logistic regression models was performed to estimate confounder-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI between adolescent BMI trajectory and adult MetSyn. Using similar methods, the association between BMI trajectory and offspring obesity was examined. RESULTS: Latent trajectory modeling identified four patterns: "weight loss then gain" (N = 62); "persistently normal" (N = 374); "persistently high BMI" (N = 127); and "weight gain then loss" (N = 61). Women who had a persistently high BMI trajectory had twice the odds of having children who met the definition for obesity compared with the persistently normal group, adjusting for adult BMI (OR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.39-5.46). None of the trajectory groups was associated with adult MetSyn compared with the persistently normal group. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent adolescent obesity may not confer MetSyn risk during adulthood. However, maternal adolescent BMI trajectories that are persistently high may increase the odds of intergenerational obesity among offspring.