Canine cutaneous lupus erythematosus with prominent interdigital lesions in two greyhounds.

Canine cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE) is a well-described, yet uncommon, autoimmune disease which can present clinically with different variants. This case report describes the clinical and histopathological presentation, and treatment response, of CCLE affecting a novel location, the interdigital skin, in two unrelated greyhounds.

O lúpus eritematoso cutâneo canino (LECC) é uma doença autoimune bem descrita, porém incomum, que pode se apresentar clinicamente com diferentes variantes. Este relato de caso descreve a apresentação clínica e histopatológica, e a resposta ao tratamento, do LECC afetando uma nova localização, a pele interdigital, em dois galgos não aparentados.

El lupus eritematoso cutáneo canino (CCLE) es una enfermedad autoinmune bien descrita, aunque poco frecuente, que puede presentarse clínicamente con diferentes variantes. Este informe de caso describe la presentación clínica e histopatológica, y la respuesta al tratamiento, de CCLE que afecta a una nueva ubicación, la piel interdigital, en dos galgos no relacionados.

Le lupus érythémateux cutané canin (LECC) est une maladie auto-immune bien documentée, mais peu fréquente, qui peut se présenter cliniquement sous différents variants. Ce rapport clinique décrit la présentation clinique et histopathologique, ainsi que la réponse au traitement, du LECC affectant une nouvelle localisation, la peau interdigitée, de deux lévriers non apparentés.

Proliferative, lymphocytic, infundibular mural folliculitis and dermatitis with prominent follicular apoptosis and parakeratotic casts in a Labrador retriever: Clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features and co-morbidities.

Proliferative, lymphocytic, infundibular mural folliculitis and dermatitis have been reported in six female Labrador retrievers from North America. This is the first report of the disease outside North America, describing the clinical and histopathological diagnosis and dermoscopic aspect of the verrucous plaques, treatment and co-morbidities in a female Labrador retriever dog.

La folliculite et la dermatite murale infundibulaire proliférative, lymphocytaire ont été rapportées chez six Labrador retrievers femelles d'Amérique du Nord. Il s'agit du premier rapport de cette affection en dehors de l'Amérique du Nord, décrivant le diagnostic clinique et histopathologique, l'aspect dermatoscopique des plaques verruqueuses, le traitement et les comorbidités chez une femelle Labrador retriever.

A foliculite e dermatite mural linfocítica infundibular proliferativa tem sido relatada em seis cadelas Labrador retriever da América do Norte. Este é o primeiro relato da doença fora da América do Norte, descrevendo o diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico e o aspecto dermoscópico de placas verrucosas, tratamento de comorbidades em uma cadela Labrador retriever.

Se ha publicado la descripción de una foliculitis y dermatitis mural infundibular, linfocítica y proliferativa en seis hembras de Labrador Retriever de América del Norte. Este es el primer informe de la enfermedad fuera de América del Norte, que describe el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico y el aspecto dermatoscópico de las placas verrugosas, el tratamiento y las comorbilidades en una perra Labrador Retriever.

Generalised pustular onychopathy of unknown aetiology in a domestic cat.

Claw diseases are rare in cats and often associated with cutaneous lesions in other regions of the body. This case report describes an atypical manifestation of a generalised onychopathy of unknown origin in a domestic short hair cat.

Les maladies des griffes sont rares chez le chat et souvent associées à des lésions cutanées dans d'autres régions du corps. Ce rapport de cas décrit une manifestation atypique d'une onychopathie généralisée d'origine inconnue chez un chat domestique à poils courts.

Las enfermedades de las uñas son raras en los gatos y, a menudo, se asocian con lesiones cutáneas en otras regiones del cuerpo. Este artículo describe un caso de una manifestación atípica de onicopatía generalizada de origen desconocido en un gato doméstico de pelo corto.

Enfermidades ungueais em gatos são raras, e muitas vezes são associadas a lesões cutâneas em outras regiões do corpo. Este caso descreve uma manifestação atípica de uma onicopatia generalizada de origem desconhecida em um gato doméstico de pelo curto.

The use of dermoscopy to support the diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in two dogs.

Two unrelated adult dogs presenting with chronic pruritic dermatitis were diagnosed with sarcoptic mange through the in vivo dermoscopic visualisation of Sarcoptes scabiei mites. The species of mite was confirmed via microscopy of superficial skin scrapings taken from lesional skin. Dermoscopy offers rapid point-of-care, noninvasive screening for dogs with sarcoptic mange.

Deux chiens adultes non apparentés présentant une dermatite prurigineuse chronique ont été diagnostiqués avec une gale sarcoptique par la visualisation dermoscopique in vivo d'acariens Sarcoptes scabiei. L'espèce d'acarien a été confirmée par microscopie de raclages cutanés superficiels prélevés sur la peau lésionnelle. La dermoscopie offre un dépistage rapide et non invasif au chevet du patient pour les chiens atteints de gale sarcoptique.

Dois cães adultos apresentando dermatite pruriginosa crônica foram diagnosticados com sarna sarcóptica através da visualização dermatoscópica in vivo dos ácaros Sarcoptes scabiei. A espécie de ácaro foi confirmada por avaliação microscópica de raspados cutâneos superficiais coletados de pele lesional. A dermatoscopia é um método diagnóstico que oferece triagem ambulatorial rápida e não invasiva para cães com sarna sarcóptica.

Dos perros adultos no relacionados que presentaban dermatitis pruriginosa crónica fueron diagnosticados con sarna sarcóptica a través de la visualización dermatoscópica in vivo de los ácaros Sarcoptes scabiei. La especie de ácaro se confirmó mediante microscopía de raspados cutáneos superficiales tomados de la piel lesionada. La dermatoscopia ofrece una detección rápida y no invasiva en el punto de atención primaria para perros con sarna sarcóptica.

Acral congenital superficial dermal lymphatic malformations in two unrelated cats: clinicopathological, dermoscopic and ultrastructural findings.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous vascular malformations (CVM) represent a spectrum of human diseases identified at birth or in paediatric patients and classified according to the type of vessel affected. Confusing classification in human medicine has led to misdiagnoses and frequent nomenclature revision. Cutaneous lymphatic malformations (CLM) are reported sporadically in humans. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinicopathological findings of superficial dermal cutaneous lymphatic malformations (SDCLM) in two cats. ANIMALS: Two unrelated adult domestic short hair cats. METHODS: The two cats were evaluated clinically and with a dermoscope for recurrent swelling and presence of vesicles oozing serosanguineous fluid affecting the right and left hind foot, respectively, since birth. Skin biopsy specimens were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation and electron microscopy. RESULTS: A CVM was suspected based on the age of onset, clinical signs, results of diagnostic imaging and histopathological findings. Dermoscopy was used to describe the alterations of the skin surface. The involvement of the lymphatic vessels was confirmed using immunohistochemical findings and electron microscopy. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of the clinical, dermoscopic, histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics of SDCLM in cats resembling the human counterpart. SDCLMs are rare conditions and appropriate histopathological and immunohistochemical confirmation is required to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

Dermoscopic analysis of the skin of healthy warmblood horses: a descriptive study of 34 cases in Italy.

BACKGROUND: Dermoscopy is a diagnostic tool that has been introduced into small animal dermatology for the evaluation of hair and the skin surface. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the use of this technique on horses and the dermoscopic appearance of equine hair and skin have yet to be reported. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility of dermoscopy, and to describe hair and skin surface features of healthy warmblood horses. ANIMALS: Thirty four client-owned, healthy adult horses. METHODS: Six body regions (head, neck, dorsal thorax, ventral thorax, croup and mane) were examined with a smartphone-attached, hand-held polarized light dermoscope at 20-fold magnification. Smartphone-collected images were evaluated to determine the overall hair density, large and thin primary hair densities and diameters, and skin surface characteristics. Software was used to measure large and thin primary hair shaft thickness. Comparisons between body regions, breeds and sexes were made. RESULTS: Dermoscopic examination of the equine skin surface was feasible and easy to perform. At 20-fold magnification thick, straight hair shafts emerging from single follicular openings were observed. In between these, thinner straight hair shafts were present in all evaluated regions. Hair shafts of the head and the mane were significantly thicker but less dense compared to other regions. Skin pigmentation and variable perifollicular discolouration were present. CONCLUSIONS: Dermoscopy may represent a valuable technique for the dermatological examination of the equine patient.

The usefulness of dermoscopy in canine pattern alopecia: a descriptive study.

BACKGROUND: Dermoscopic studies evaluating noninflammatory, nonpruritic progressive alopecia attributable to pattern alopecia are currently unavailable. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the dermoscopic features observed in healthy skin of short coated dogs and compare these findings with those observed in dogs affected by pattern alopecia diagnosed by clinical and dermatopathological examination. ANIMALS: Thirty male and female, healthy, breed matched, young adult, short coated dogs (controls) and 30 male and female, young adult, short coated dogs affected by pattern alopecia. METHODS: Dermoscopy was performed with a Fotofinder II videodermoscope equipped with software that allowed the measurement of structures visualized in magnified images (20×-40×-70×). Skin biopsy samples were obtained from the thorax and evaluated dermoscopically for dermoscopic-histological correlation in affected dogs. RESULTS: Dermoscopic findings in canine pattern alopecia were hair shaft thinning, circle hairs and follicular keratin plugs; in the affected sun exposed areas there was a honeycomb-like pattern of pigmentation. Arborizing red lines reflecting vascularization were classified as a nonspecific finding because they were also common in healthy dogs. Dermoscopic features correlated with histology for selected hair follicle abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Although canine pattern alopecia is a visually striking disease, this study supports the value of dermoscopy for clinical examination and also opens promising perspectives for the identification of diagnostic dermoscopic patterns that may be useful for other skin disorders.

Emergence of cutaneous neosporosis in a dog receiving immunosuppressive therapy: molecular identification and management.

BACKGROUND: Neosporosis is a multisystemic disease caused by the intracellular protozoan Neospora caninum. In dogs the disease primarily affects the central nervous system. Canine cutaneous neosporosis is a rare condition often associated with old age or concurrent immunosuppressive treatments for different underlying conditions. ANIMALS: A 10-year-old female spayed golden retriever dog affected by primary immune-mediated myelofibrosis and treated with immunosuppressive therapies for 6 weeks that developed severe cutaneous lesions. METHODS: Definitive diagnosis was based on several investigation techniques including serology (immunoblotting), immunohistochemistry (IHC), species-specific conventional and real-time PCR, and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Remission of cutaneous neosporosis was obtained with the administration of clindamycin while the concurrent immunosuppressive therapy was maintained to manage the underlying primary condition. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: To the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first report of species-specific PCR and DNA sequencing used as diagnostic methods for canine cutaneous neosporosis emerging in a dog receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

Identification of Altered miRNAs in Cerumen of Dogs Affected by Otitis Externa.

Otitis externa is one of the most common diseases in dogs. It is associated with bacteria and yeast, which are regarded as secondary causes. Cerumen is a biological substance playing an important role in the protection of ear skin. The involvement of cerumen in immune defense is poorly understood. MicroRNAs can modulate the host immune response and can provide promising biomarkers for several inflammatory and infectious disorder diagnosis. The aims of this study were to profile the cerumen miRNA signature associated with otitis externa in dogs, integrate miRNAs to their target genes related to immune functions, and investigate their potential use as biomarkers. Cerumen was collected from healthy and otitis affected dogs and the expression of miRNAs was profiled by Next Generation Sequencing; the validation of the altered miRNAs was performed using RT-qPCR. The potential ability of miRNAs to modulate immune-related genes was investigated using bioinformatics tools. The results pointed out that 32 miRNAs, of which 14 were up- and 18 down-regulated, were differentially expressed in healthy vs. otitis-affected dogs. These results were verified by RT-qPCR. To assess the diagnostic value of miRNAs, ROC analysis was carried out, highlighting that 4 miRNAs are potential biomarkers to discriminate otitis-affected dogs. Bioinformatics showed that cerumen miRNAs may be involved in the modulation of host immune response. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that miRNAs can be efficiently extracted and quantified from cerumen, that their profile changes between healthy and otitis affected dogs, and that they may serve as potential biomarkers. Further studies are necessary to confirm their diagnostic value and to investigate their interaction with immune-related genes.