Effects of different external factors on urban roadside plants for the reduction of airborne fine particulate matters.

With the progress of urbanization and industrialization in China, the consumption of fossil fuels blows up. The burning of fossil fuels releases large amounts of particulate matter, leads to smog, and the air quality is gradually getting worsen. Previous studies have shown that vegetation can effectively reduce airborne particles with different size fractions. And large amounts of previous studies pointed to the adsorption ability of urban forest for particles larger than 2.5 µm. The capacity of roadside plants for the capture of fine particles, especially for those smaller than 2.5 µm has been rarely reported. In this study, five external factors including leaf orientation, leaf height, planting location, planting form, and pollution concentration were tested to evaluate their impact on the dust retention capacity of different roadside plants. The results indicate that significant interspecies was found between tested plant species, and with the change of different external factors, the capturing capacity for the same roadside plants varied. The change of leaf orientation has limited effects on the amount of captured fine particles for the tested plants. While, the amount of captured particulate matter by leaves was inversely proportional to its growth height. Plants locating in the central of the road showed significantly higher capturing capacity than they, when they was set alongside the road. The total amount of captured fine particle by Ligustrum japonicum locating in the central green belt of road was about 5 times higher than it when it was planted in the green belt alongside the road. In addition, the correlation between the capturing capacity of roadside plants and its distance to the street curb was found to be negative.

Plants have been widely accepted as an environmentally friendly air particulate filter that can effectively remove fine particulate matter which can be harmful to humans. By analyzing the dust retention of plant leaves, this paper discussed the influence of different factors such as traffic pressure, planting position, and leaf orientation on the capture ability of roadside plants, in addition, we investigated particulate matter with a smaller size (PM_0.22). The mainly objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the dust retention efficiency of roadside plants and roadside plants as phytoremediation to improve city air quality which consists with the purpose of the journal.

Crystalline Silicon White Light Sources Driven by Optical Resonances.

Silicon (Si) is generally considered as a poor photon emitter, and various scenarios have been proposed to improve the photon emission efficiency of Si. Here, we report the observation of a burst of the hot electron luminescence from Si nanoparticles with diameters of 150-250 nm, which is triggered by the exponential increase of the carrier density at high temperatures. We show that the stable white light emission above the threshold can be realized by resonantly exciting either the mirror-image-induced magnetic dipole resonance of a Si nanoparticle placed on a thin silver film or the surface lattice resonance of a regular array of Si nanopillars with femtosecond laser pulses of only a few picojoules, where significant enhancements in two- and three-photon-induced absorption can be achieved. Our findings indicate the possibility of realizing all-Si-based nanolasers with manipulated emission wavelength, which can be easily incorporated into future integrated optical circuits.

Facile synthesis of nickel-doped Co9S8 hollow nanoparticles with large surface-controlled pseudocapacitive and fast sodium storage.

Transition metal sulfides are considered to be promising candidates as anodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). However, their further applications are limited by poor electrical conductivity and sluggish electrochemical kinetics. We report, for the first time, nickel-doped Co9S8 hollow nanoparticles as SIB anodes with enhanced electrical conductivity and a large pseudocapacitive effect, leading to fast kinetics. This compound exhibits excellent sodium storage performance, including a high capacity of 556.7 mA h g-1, a high rate capability of 2000 mA g-1 and an excellent stability up to 200 cycles. The results demonstrate that nickel-doped Co9S8 hollow nanoparticles are a promising anode material for SIBs.

Flocculating and dewatering performance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic solids using a thermal-sensitive copolymer.

Thermal-sensitive polymers have been tested on settling, compacting or dewatering of clays or oil sand tailings. However, not much attention has been paid to explore the effect of temperature on flocculating performance using thermal-sensitive polymers. In this study, poly(NIPAM-co-DMAPMA) was synthesized and employed to investigate the flocculating and re-flocculating performance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles at two specific temperatures; meanwhile settling and dewatering behaviors were also investigated. The results demonstrated that good flocculating performances were achieved at both room temperature (∼23 °C) and lower critical solution temperature (45 °C). Furthermore, larger flocs were formed at 45 °C as the copolymer was added. Floc strength and re-flocculating ability of the flocs were also intensified prominently at 45 °C. Additionally, settling and dewatering rates of suspensions were improved, and the moisture of filtered cakes was reduced when suspensions were at 45 °C. The phenomena could be justified by the phase transition of the copolymer from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity as the temperature increased. There were much stronger adhesion forces between particles and higher adsorption amount of the copolymer onto solid surfaces at 45 °C. Therefore, the copolymer may be promising in solid-liquid separation to improve the floc size, floc strength, and settling and dewatering rate to achieve much lower moisture filtered cake.

Effect of different pH coking wastewater on adsorption of coking coal.

H2SO4 has an effect on the sorption of organic contaminants by coking coal (CC) in wastewater. This paper focused on the effect of pH on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenols and ammonia. UV-vis spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra, zeta potential and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis were investigated to characterize the changes of CC properties and coking wastewater (CW) at different pH values. The results showed that the COD and phenol removal efficiencies increased with decreasing pH value, while the ammonia removal efficiency was decreased gradually. A new transmittance band in the region of 340-600 cm(-1) was observed in UV-vis spectra of CW in acidic condition. The absolute value of the zeta potential as the solution was gradually increasing with the increasing of pH value. Surface area and total pore volume of CC which was immersed in acidic solutions measured by BET were much higher than that of raw CC. CC has a greater adsorption capacity to organic pollution in the acidic solution mainly by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding.

Effect of pH on the flocculation behaviors of kaolin using a pH-sensitive copolymer.

pH-sensitive copolymers have been widely introduced to achieve rapid dewatering and consolidation of solids in mining and oil sands processing wastes. But no more attention has been given to the flocculation efficiency of solid suspensions as a function of pH using pH-sensitive copolymer. In this study, a pH-sensitive copolymer was synthesized and employed to investigate the flocculation behaviors of kaolin by focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM). A titration test was introduced to characterize the copolymer conformation transition. The results demonstrated that at pH ranging from 3 to 6, with the pH increase, the zeta potential magnitude of kaolin particles increased, resulting in the repulsive forces between particles increasing. However, the hydrophobicity of kaolin increased as the pH increased. Thus, the hydrophobic forces could neutralize a part of the repulsive forces between particles and result in good and similar flocculation performances. At the pH greater than 6, the zeta potential magnitude of kaolin particles and copolymer molecules increased significantly, and the repulsive force between kaolin particles increased after copolymer addition due to the kaolin particles being more negatively charged, which resulted in poor flocculation efficiency and cloudy supernatant. It was concluded that the pH-sensitive copolymer could achieve both perfect flocculation efficiency and low moisture of filter cake at the isoelectric point of copolymer.

[Research on the Noise Reduction with Hyper-Resolution Infrared Spectrum Based on Improved PCV Method].

The noise reduction with observed high resolution infrared radiance is crucial to improve the accuracy and stability of the retrieval of thermodynamic profiles. When applying the principal component analysis noise filter algorithm to the observed radiance, the optimal number k of principal components that used in the algorithm was mostly calculated with the statistical and empirical method. The percent cumulative variance method is one of the statistical methods that have been commonly used to calculate k, however, the threshold of the percent cumulative variance was determined subjectively and arbitrarily, which limits the application of this method. While the empirical method need the real-time Noise-Equivalent Spectral Radiance (NESR) to normalize non uniform noise in the observed data, but the real-time NESR needs the raw data of complex spectrum which is not easy to obtain in most cases. Aiming at the solving the problems above, a PCA noise filter based on the Improved PCV algorithm is proposed, of which the threshold is determined by iteratively calculating the difference between the simulated and reconstructed spectrum using different principal components, whereby k is determined such that the PCV is larger than the threshold. The new method solves the problem of arbitrary of the determination of k, and at the same time it doesn't need the real-time NESR to normalize the observed radiance. First, the impact of normalization on the noise reduction is analyzed using physical retrieval of temperature profiles; the result shows that the impact is very small, which less than the impact of calculation error of k is caused by normalization on the retrieval of temperature profiles. Then, the noise reduction of the representative radiance data which covers four quarters of 2011 shows that, the RMSE of the retrieved temperature profile using the Improved PCV method is improved by 0.1 K compared to the factor indicator function method when the real-time NESR is not available, and it is almost the same with the latter when the normalization is done. Under the condition that the NESR is not available, the method proposed in this article could objectively and reasonably reduce the noise level of the ground-based high resolution infrared radiance.

[The Application of the L-Curve Method in the Retrieval of Temperature Profiles Using Ground-Based Hyper-Spectral Infrared Radiance].

The thermodynamic profiles of Planetary Boundary Layer could be retrieved by using ground-based hyper-spectral infrared radiance. The AERIoe algorithm has a better performance at the dependency of initial profiles than the "onion peeling" method which was originally applied in the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer. The regularization parameter is the key to the AERIoe algorithm, and the strategy for choosing the regularization parameter in the retrieval algorithm is based on the empirical method, which requires too much time for computation while the empirical method needs many iteration steps. A L-curve criterion is proposed to calculate the regularization parameter in AERIoe algorithm. The L-curve criterion is based on a log-log plot of corresponding values of the residual and solution norms, and the optimal regularization parameter corresponds to a point on the curve near the "corner" of the L-shaped region. Therefore, the L-curve criterion has better theoretical basis than the traditional empirical method. The result of retrieval experiment using the observed data collected at the SGP site of the year 2011 shows that, the L-curve method has a good performance in terms of stability, convergence and accuracy of the retrieval. Compared with empirical method, L-curve algorithm converges more quickly which saves much computation time when retrieving the temperature profiles. When considering the retrieval accuracy, the L-curve method has a better behavior at the middle and top of the boundary layer, with an improvement of 0.2 K of RMSE at the altitude of 1～3 km than the empirical method. Therefore, the L-curve algorithm has a better performance compared with the empirical method when choosing the regularization parameter in the retrieval of temperature profiles using the ground-based hyper-spectral infrared radiance.

Organic pollution removal from coke plant wastewater using coking coal.

Coke plant wastewater (CPW) is an intractable chemical wastewater, and it contains many toxic pollutants. This article presents the results of research on a semi-industrial adsorption method of coking wastewater treatment. As a sorbent, the coking coal (CC) was a dozen times less expensive than active carbon. The treatment was conducted within two scenarios, as follows: (1) adsorption after biological treatment of CPW with CC at 40 g L(-1); the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 75.66%, and the concentration was reduced from 178.99 to 43.56 mg L(-1); (2) given an adsorption by CC of 250 g L(-1) prior to the biological treatment of CPW, the eliminations of COD and phenol were 58.08% and 67.12%, respectively. The CC that adsorbed organic pollution and was returned to the coking system might have no effect on both coke oven gas and coke.

Contamination of Phenylobacterium in several human and murine cell cultures.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize an unknown microorganism causing contamination in several mammalian cell cultures. METHODS: This bacterium was identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and studied by DAPI and DiOC6 (3) staining, Gram staining, acid-fast staining, and electron microscopy. The isolated bacterium was also used to infect host cells to observe antibiotic effectiveness and its relationship with host cells. RESULTS: The 16S rRNA sequence analysis shows that this rod-shaped microorganism belongs to the family Caulobacteraceae, class Alphaproteobacteria, and was most closely related to Phenylobacterium zucineum HLK1T strain. The bacterium collected in the "swimming" stage was Gram staining negative, but Gram staining positive in the "sessile" stage. Under the electron microscope both flagellated and non-flagellated types were found. So far, no antibiotics were effective to inhibit this microorganism. The contamination with this bacterium frequently led to failed resuscitation of thawed cells. We found that the cells resuscitated with the used culture supernatants were increased in number by 3-4 folds as compared to those resuscitated with freshly prepared media. CONCLUSION: Phenylobacterium may have a dimorphic life cycle including a swimming stage and a sessile stalked stage.

Effects of chaiyuwendan decoction on endocannabinoids levels in adipose tissue of rats with chronic stress-induced depression.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how Chaiyuwendan decoction (CWD) affects endocannabinoid levels in the adipose tissue of depressed rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups with six rats in each. One group was randomly selected as the control group. The remaining three groups were subjected to chronic stress to induce depression. Groups were randomly assigned as a model group, CWD group, and amitriptyline group. CWD was given to the CWD group once a day from the second day of modeling. The amitriptyline group was administered amitriptyline intragastrically (10 mg/kg) once a day. After treatment for 21 days, body weight and fat weight were measured and the levels of N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), and N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA) in adipose tissue were determined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, body weight, fat weight, AEA, and PEA were significantly lower, and 2-AG was higher, in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, body weight, fat weight, the AEA, and PEA levels were significantly higher, and 2-AG level was significantly lower in the CWD group (P < 0.05). However, the levels did not differ significantly between the CWD group and the amitriptyline group. CONCLUSION: CWD could regulate the levels of AEA, 2-AG, and PEA in rats with depression induced by chronic stress.

Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy.

Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are crucial to the repair and homeostasis of mature skeletal muscle. MuSC dysfunction and dysregulation of the myogenic program can contribute to the development of pathology ranging from cancers like rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) or muscle degenerative diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Both diseases exhibit dysregulation at nearly all steps of myogenesis. For instance, MuSC self-renewal processes are altered. In RMS, this leads to the creation of tumor propagating cells. In DMD, impaired asymmetric stem cell division creates a bias towards producing self-renewing stem cells instead of committing to differentiation. Hyperproliferation of these cells contribute to tumorigenesis in RMS and symmetric expansion of the self-renewing MuSC population in DMD. Both diseases also exhibit a repression of factors involved in terminal differentiation, halting RMS cells in the proliferative stage and thus driving tumor growth. Conversely, the MuSCs in DMD exhibit impaired differentiation and fuse prematurely, affecting myonuclei maturation and the integrity of the dystrophic muscle fiber. Finally, both disease states cause alterations to the MuSC niche. Various elements of the niche such as inflammatory and migratory signaling that impact MuSC behavior are dysregulated. Here we show how these seemingly distantly related diseases indeed have similarities in MuSC dysfunction, underlying the importance of considering MuSCs when studying the pathophysiology of muscle diseases.

Hybrid Sequencing-Based Genomic Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Urinary Tract Infections Among Inpatients at a Tertiary Hospital in Beijing.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a serious threat for inpatients. This study aimed to describe the genomic characteristics of K. pneumoniae causing UTI in a tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China. Methods: A total of 20 K. pneumoniae strains collected from 2020 to 2021 were performed whole-genome sequencing. The Antibiotic susceptibility of 19 common antimicrobial agents was tested against all strains. The multi-locus sequence types (MLSTs) and serotypes were determined from the WGS data. De novo assemblies were used to identify resistance and virulence genes. The presence and characteristics of the plasmids were detected using hybrid assembly of long and short-read data. Results: These K. pneumoniae strains were clustered into nine sequence types (STs) and twelve K-serotypes. All the carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) strains acquired carbapenemase blaKPC-2 (n=7). Two CRKP strains exhibited increased resistance to Polymyxin B with MIC ≥ 4 mg/L due to insertion of an IS5-like sequence in the mgrB gene, and they were also involved in a transmission event in Intensive Care Unit. Long-read assemblies identified many plasmids co-carrying multiple replicons. Acquisition of a new IncM2_1 type blaCTX-M-3 positive plasmid was observed after transfer from ICU to neurovascular surgery by comparing the two strains collected from the same patient. Conclusion: K. pneumoniae is a significant pathogen responsible for urinary tract infections. The ST11-KL47 strain, prevalent at our hospital, exhibits a combination of high drug resistance and hypervirulence. It is imperative to enhance ongoing genomic surveillance of urinary tract infection-causing pathogens.

The detection methods currently available for protein aggregation in neurological diseases.

Protein aggregation is a pathological feature in various neurodegenerative diseases and is thought to play a crucial role in the onset and progression of neurological disorders. This pathological phenomenon has attracted increasing attention from researchers, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. Researchers are increasingly interested in identifying chemicals or methods that can effectively detect protein aggregation or maintain protein stability to prevent aggregation formation. To date, several methods are available for detecting protein aggregates, including fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and molecular detection methods. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of methods to observe protein aggregation in situ under a microscope. This article reviews the two main aspects of protein aggregation: the mechanisms and detection methods of protein aggregation. The aim is to provide clues for the development of new methods to study this pathological phenomenon.

Dynamic characteristic modeling of left ventricular assist devices based on hysteresis effects.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to develop a new model for the dynamic characteristics of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) interacting with the cardiovascular system under constant-speed modes. METHODS: A new hysteresis model is established on the basis of the hysteresis effect and turbomachinery principles. The simulation results from the hysteresis model were compared with the inertia model. The in-vitro experiment results of a centrifugal pump (from literature) and the unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results of an axial pump were used as the benchmarks. RESULTS: Compared with the inertia model, at the partial support mode, the relative estimation error of the time to the maximum and minimum pump flow (Q) in the hysteresis model decreased at least 16.3% cardiac cycle (Tc) in the centrifugal pump and at least 1.9% Tc in the axial pump, indicating its ability to simulate more realistic Q fluctuations. Moreover, the hysteresis model could predict an accurate time distribution of different Q. CONCLUSION: The hysteresis model provides a general calculation method for simulating the dynamic characteristics of constant-speed LVADs under interaction with the cardiovascular system. It is more accurate than the inertia model. SIGNIFICANCE: The hysteresis model is helpful for the rapid estimation of unsteady dynamic characteristics in absence of a physical pump prototype at the preliminary design stage.

Research on Interface Bonding Properties of TiAlSiN/WC-Co Doped with Graphene.

Based on the first-principles method, TiAlSiN/WC-Co interface models with graphene doped into the matrix, coating, and the coating/matrix are constructed. The interface adhesion work is calculated and modeled to study the interface bonding properties from the atomic microscopic point of view. The results show that the interface bonding properties of TiAlSiN/WC-Co can be improved when the matrix is doped with the main surface of intrinsic graphene, and the interface bonding property of TiAlSiNN/WC-Co can be improved when the coating and coating/matrix are doped separately with the main surface of intrinsic graphene or single vacancy defective graphene. Furthermore, the model electronic structures are analyzed. The results show that there exist strong Si/Co and N/Co covalent bonds in the interfaces when the matrix is doped with the main surface of intrinsic graphene, which causes the adhesion work of TiAlSiN/WC/msGR/Co to be greater than that of TiAlSiN/WC-Co. Additionally, when the graphene is doped into the coating, in the interface of TiAlSiN/msGR/TiAlSiNN/WC-Co, there exist strong N/Co covalent bonds that increase the interface adhesion work. Additionally, more charge transfer and orbital hybridization exist in the coating/matrix interface doped with the main surface of intrinsic graphene or single vacancy defective graphene, which explains the essential mechanism that the adhesion work of TiAlSiNN/msGR/WC-Co is greater than that of TiAlSiNN/WC-Co, and the adhesion work of TiAlSiNN/svGR/WC-Co is greater than that of TiAlSiNN/WC-Co.

Numerical analysis of different cardiac functions and support modes on blood damage potential in an axial pump.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac functions and support modes of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) will influence the pump inner flow field and blood damage potential. METHODS: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and lumped-parameter-model (LPM) were applied to investigate the impacts of cardiac functions under full (9000 rpm) and partial (8000 rpm) support modes in an axial pump. RESULTS: The constitution of hemolysis index (HI) in different components of the pump was investigated. HI was found to be more sensitive to positive incidence angles (i) compared with negative incidence angles in rotors. Negative incidence angles had little impact on HI both in rotors and the outlet guide vanes. The improved cardiac function made only a minor difference in HIave (estimated average HI in one cardiac cycle) by 9.88%, as the flow rate expanded mainly to higher flow range. Switching to partial support mode, however, would induce a periodic experience of severe flow separation and recirculation at low flow range. This irregular flow field increased HIave by 47.97%, remarkably increasing the blood damage potential. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the relationship between the blade incidence angle i and HI, and recommended negative-incidence-angle blade designs as it yielded lower HI. Moreover, to avoid flow range below 50% of the design point, careful evaluations should be made before switching support modes as weaning procedures in clinical applications.

Preparation of sulfur self-doped coal-based adsorbent and its adsorption performance for Cu2.

The limited application of high-sulfur coal (HSC) and the increasing severity of copper pollution in solution are two pressing issues. To alleviate such issues, a sulfur self-doped coal-based adsorbent (HSC@ZnCl2) was obtained by pyrolysis (850 °C, 60 min holding time) of HSC and ZnCl2 with a mass ratio of 1:0.5. The results adsorption experiment revealed that the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process was consistent with the Sips isothermal model (R2 = 0.992) and pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 = 0.994), and that the adsorption process with a maximum adsorption capacity of 11.97 mg/g. Meanwhile, the adsorption of Cu2+ onto HSC@ZnCl2 was a result of the synergistic effects of various interactions, such as the complexation by oxygen-containing functional groups, electrostatic attraction and surface precipitation by ZnS on the adsorbent surface, and the process also included redox reaction. The findings of this work indicate that the preparation of sulfur self-doped coal-based adsorbent prepared from high-sulfur coal is a promising method for its large-scale utilization.

Genetic Engineering of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 25955 for Bioconjugate Vaccine Applications.

Vaccination is considered the most effective means to fight against the multidrug-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. In recent years, a potential protein glycan coupling technology has been extensively used in the production of bioconjugated vaccines. Here, a series of glycoengineering strains derived from K. pneumoniae ATCC 25955 were designed for protein glycan coupling technology. The capsule polysaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster and the O-antigen ligase gene waaL were deleted via the CRISPR/Cas9 system to further weaken the virulence of host stains and block the unwanted endogenous glycan synthesis. Particularly, the SpyCatcher protein in the efficient protein covalent ligation system (SpyTag/SpyCatcher) was selected as the carrier protein to load the bacterial antigenic polysaccharides (O1 serotype), which could covalently bind to SpyTag-functionalized nanoparticles AP205 to form nanovaccines. Furthermore, two genes (wbbY and wbbZ) located in the O-antigen biosynthesis gene cluster were knocked out to change the O1 serotype of the engineered strain into the O2 serotype. Both KPO1-SC and KPO2-SC glycoproteins were successfully obtained as expected using our glycoengineering strains. Our work provides new insights into the design of nontraditional bacterial chassis for bioconjugate nanovaccines against infectious diseases.

Identification of potential antigenic peptides of Brucella through proteome and peptidome.

BACKGROUND: Brucellosis, caused by Brucella spp., is a major zoonotic public health threat. Although several Brucella vaccines have been demonstrated for use in animals, Brucella spp. can cause human infection and to date, there are no human-use vaccines licensed by any agency. Recently, methods in vaccine informatics have made major breakthroughs in peptide-based epitopes, opening up a new avenue of vaccine development. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this article was to identify potential antigenic peptides in Brucella by proteome and peptidome analyses. METHODS: Mouse infection models were first established by injection with Brucella and spleen protein profiles were then analysed. Subsequently, the major histocompatibility complex class I or II (major histocompatibility complex [MHC]-I/II)-binding peptides in blood samples were collected by immunoprecipitation and peptides derived from Brucella proteins were identified through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These peptides were then evaluated in a variety of ways, such as in terms of conservation in Brucella and synchronicity in predicted peptides (similarity and coverage), which allowed us to more effectively measure their antigenic potential. RESULTS: The expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IFN-γ was significantly altered in the spleen of infected mice and some Brucella proteins, such as Muri, AcpP and GroES, were also detected. Meanwhile, in blood, 35 peptides were identified and most showed high conservation, highlighting their potential as antigen epitopes for vaccine development. In particular, we identified four proteins containing both MHC-I- and MHC-II-binding peptides including AtpA, AtpD, DnaK and BAbS19_II02030. They were also compared with the predicted peptides to estimate their reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The peptides we screened could bind to MHC molecules. After being stimulated with antigen T epitopes, Memory T cells can stimulate T cell activation and promote immune responses. Our results indicated that the peptides we identified may be good candidate targets for the design of subunit vaccines and these results pave the way for the study of safer vaccines against Brucella.