[Prevention and treatment of lung cancer by regulating tumor-associated macrophages with traditional Chinese medicine].

Lung cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in the world, and its incidence and mortality is increasing year by year. Interactions between tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment(TME) affect tumor proliferation, infiltration, and metastasis. Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs) are prominent components of TME, and they have dual regulation effects on malignant progression of lung cancer. The number, activity, and function of M2 macrophages are related to the poor prognosis of lung cancer, and M2 macrophages participate in tumor angiogenesis and immune escape. It has been proved that traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) and their active ingredients can enhance the antitumor effects, reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and prolong the survival rates of patients with cancer. This paper summarized the role of TAMs in the lung cancer initiation and progression, explored the molecular mechanism of TCM in regulating the recruitment, polarization phenotype, activity, and expression of related factors and proteins of TAMs, and discussed related signal pathways in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer based on the TCM theory of "reinforcing healthy qi and eliminating pathogen". This paper is expected to provide new ideas for the immunotherapy of targeted TAMs.

[Three-dimensional breast non-contact measurement].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a system for three-dimensional (3D) non-contact measurement of breast using computer-aided projection fringe measurement (CAPFM). METHODS: A system of 3D non-contact breast measurement was developed based on CAPFM and used for measurement of a plastic model mimicking human breast. RESULTS: The CAPFM system was capable of non-contact 3D measurement with rapid data collection (within 0.5 s) and measurement (no longer than -3 min). This system was highly automatic, and with software-controlled measurement, the sensitivity was as high as 0.6 mm (for linear measurement) and 1 ml (for volume measurement), to well meet the clinical requirements. The measurement results could be stored and expressed in numerical values or represented in vivid 2D figures and 3D images, which facilitated subsequent studies. CONCLUSION: The 3D non-contact breast measurement system on the basis of CAPFM can be helpful for medical assessment of the breast.

[A study of making use of computer-aided projection fringe system to measure breast dimension].

OBJECTIVE: To measure breast basic dimension by using computer-aided projection fringe system. METHODS: A system has been developed for measuring breast basic dimension based on computer-aided projection fringe measurement and programming software. Plastic manikins breast's SN-N (sternal notch to nipple distance), N-ML (nipple to midline distance), N-N (internipple distance), MBW (base width of breast) and N-IMF (nipple to inframammary fold distance) are measured with this system. At the same time, these items are also measured with routine ruler. RESULTS: This study indicate that the system has some merits: (1) non-touching measurement; (2) it is very rapid, the patient measured need hold his breath only 0.5 second, and all the time it takes is about 2.5 minutes; (3) the measurement's sensitivity is as high as to 0.6 mm, which meets the clinic requirement entirely; (4) the measurement's accuracy of the system is not significantly when comparing to the routine ruler's. CONCLUSIONS: Computer-aided projection fringe system for measuring breast basic dimension is feasible and advanced.