Self-Optimized Ligand Effect of Single-Atom Modifier in Ternary Pt-Based Alloy for Efficient Hydrogen Oxidation.

Modifying the atomic and electronic structure of platinum-based alloy to enhance its activity and anti-CO poisoning ability is a vital issue in hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, the role of foreign modifier metal and the underlying ligand effect is not fully understood. Here, we propose that the ligand effect of single-atom Cu can dynamically modulate the d-band center of Pt-based alloy for boosting HOR performance. By in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, our research has identified that the potential-driven structural rearrangement into high-coordination Cu-Pt/Pd intensifies the ligand effect in Pt-Cu-Pd, leading to enhanced HOR performance. Thereby, modulating the d-band structure leads to near-optimal hydrogen/hydroxyl binding energies and reduced CO adsorption energies for promoting the HOR kinetics and the CO-tolerant capability. Accordingly, PtPdCu1/C exhibits excellent CO tolerance even at 1,000 ppm impurity.

Concentrated Formic Acid from CO2 Electrolysis for Directly Driving Fuel Cell.

The production of formic acid via electrochemical CO2 reduction may serve as a key link for the carbon cycle in the formic acid economy, yet its practical feasibility is largely limited by the quantity and concentration of the product. Here we demonstrate continuous electrochemical CO2 reduction for formic acid production at 2 M at an industrial-level current densities (i.e., 200 mA cm-2 ) for 300 h on membrane electrode assembly using scalable lattice-distorted bismuth catalysts. The optimized catalysts also enable a Faradaic efficiency for formate of 94.2 % and a highest partial formate current density of 1.16 A cm-2 , reaching a production rate of 21.7 mmol cm-2 h-1 . To assess the practicality of this system, we perform a comprehensive techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment, showing that our approach can potentially substitute conventional methyl formate hydrolysis for industrial formic acid production. Furthermore, the resultant formic acid serves as direct fuel for air-breathing formic acid fuel cells, boasting a power density of 55 mW cm-2 and an exceptional thermal efficiency of 20.1 %.

How well did the consensus methods apply in the guideline development of traditional Chinese medicine: a web-based survey in China.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Consensus methods are crucial in developing clinical guidelines. Different methods, such as the Delphi and nominal group techniques, are commonly used, but there is a lack of detailed instructions on how to implement them effectively. The survey aims to explore the opinions and attitudes of the chair, panel and working group on the critical elements of the consensus methods during guideline development. METHODS: We used a cross-sectional design to conduct this study and sent a structured questionnaire to stakeholders, including the chair, panel members, and working group participants, through the popular mobile phone application WeChat.We selected participants using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling. The questionnaire gathered information on demographics, experiences, opinions, and concerns regarding consensus methods and guideline development. RESULTS: The sample comprised 290 participants representing 31 provinces or municipalities. Among them, the most significant number of respondents (n = 107, 36.9%) were from Beijing. Most participants, specifically 211 (72.76%), held senior professional titles, while 186 (64.14%) adhered to ongoing guidelines. The Delphi method was the most commonly used consensus method (n = 132, 42.31%), but the respondents had only a preliminary understanding of it (n = 147, 47.12%). The consensus process also revealed the insufficiency of involving pharmacoeconomists, patients, and nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Consensus methods have to be standardised and used consistently in the guideline development process. The findings of this study offer insights into diverse roles and more effective ways to apply the consensus process during guideline development.

Selenium nanoparticles improve nickel-induced testosterone synthesis disturbance by down-regulating miR-708-5p/p38 MAPK pathway in Leydig cells.

The present study was designed to investigate the role of miR-708-5p/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway during the mechanism of selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) against nickel (Ni)-induced testosterone synthesis disorder in rat Leydig cells. We conducted all procedures based on in vitro culture of rat primary Leydig cells. After treating Leydig cells with Nano-Se and NiSO4 alone or in combination for 24 h, we determined the cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, testosterone production, and the protein expression of key enzymes involved in testosterone biosynthesis: steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1). The results indicated that Nano-Se antagonized cytotoxicity and eliminated ROS generation induced by NiSO4 , suppressed p38 MAPK protein phosphorylation and reduced miR-708-5p expression. Importantly, we found that Nano-Se upregulated the expression of testosterone synthase and increased testosterone production in Leydig cells. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of p38 MAPK and miR-708-5p using their specific inhibitor during Nano-Se against Ni-induced testosterone synthesis disorder. The results showed that Ni-inhibited testosterone secretion was alleviated by Nano-Se co-treatment with p38 MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 and miR-708-5p inhibitor, respectively. In conclusion, these findings suggested Nano-Se could inhibit miR-708-5p/p38 MAPK pathway, and up-regulate the key enzymes protein expression for testosterone synthesis, thereby antagonizing Ni-induced disorder of testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells.

Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis from Selective Oxygen Reduction over Metal Selenide Catalysts.

Se-based nanoalloys as an emerging class of metal chalcogenide with tunable crystalline structure, component distribution, and electronic structure have attracted considerable interest in renewable energy conversion and utilization. In this Letter, we report a series of nanosized M-Se catalysts (M = Cu, Ni, Co) as prepared from laser ablation method and screen their electrocatalytic performance for onsite H2O2 generation from selective oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. A flexible control on 2e-/4e- ORR pathway has been achieved by engineering the alloying component. Moreover, through a feedback loop between theory and experiment an optimized scaling relationship between oxygenated ORR intermediates has been discovered on cubic Cu7.2Se4 nanocrystals, that is, the ensemble effect of isolated Cu component destabilizes O* binding while the ligand effect of Se to Cu fine-tunes the binding strength of OOH*, leading to a superb H2O2 selectivity above 90% over a wide potential window even after 1400 potential cycles.

Ambient Electrosynthesis of Urea with Nitrate and Carbon Dioxide over Iron-Based Dual-Sites.

The development of efficient electrocatalysts to generate key *NH2 and *CO intermediates is crucial for ambient urea electrosynthesis with nitrate (NO3 - ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ). Here we report a liquid-phase laser irradiation method to fabricate symbiotic graphitic carbon encapsulated amorphous iron and iron oxide nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes (Fe(a)@C-Fe3 O4 /CNTs). Fe(a)@C-Fe3 O4 /CNTs exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward urea synthesis using NO3 - and CO2 , affording a urea yield of 1341.3±112.6 µg h-1 mgcat -1 and a faradic efficiency of 16.5±6.1 % at ambient conditions. Both experimental and theoretical results indicate that the formed Fe(a)@C and Fe3 O4 on CNTs provide dual active sites for the adsorption and activation of NO3 - and CO2 , thus generating key *NH2 and *CO intermediates with lower energy barriers for urea formation. This work would be helpful for design and development of high-efficiency dual-site electrocatalysts for ambient urea synthesis.

Surface-Plasmon-Mediated Alloying for Monodisperse Au-Ag Alloy Nanoparticles in Liquid.

Plasmonic noble-metal nanoparticles with broadly tunable optical properties and catalytically active surfaces offer a unique opportunity for photochemistry. Resonant optical excitation of surface-plasmon generates high-energy hot carriers, which can participate in photochemical reactions. Although the surface-plasmon-driven catalysis on molecules has been extensively studied, surface-plasmon-mediated synthesis of bimetallic nanomaterials is less reported. Herein, we perform a detailed investigation on the formation mechanism and colloidal stability of monodisperse Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles synthesized through irradiating the intermixture of Au nanochains and AgNO3 solution with a nanosecond pulsed laser. It is revealed that the Ag atoms can be extracted from AgNO3 solution by surface-plasmon-generated hot electrons and alloy with Au atoms. Particularly, the obtained Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles without any surfactants or ligands exhibit superior stability that is confirmed by experiments as well as DLVO-based theoretical simulation. Our work would provide novel insights into the synthesis of potentially useful bimetallic nanoparticles via surface-plasmon-medicated alloying.

Nano-selenium attenuates mitochondrial-associated apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT pathway in nickel-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Nano-Se against nickel (Ni)-induced hepatotoxicity and the potential mechanism. Hence, we constructed in vivo and in vitro models of Ni-induced hepatotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to nickel sulfate (NiSO4 , 5.0 mg/kg, i.p.) with or without Nano-Se (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, oral gavage) co-administration for 14 days, and HepG2 cells were exposed to NiSO4 (1500 µM) with or without Nano-Se (20 µM) for 24 h. Nano-Se obviously prevented Ni-induced hepatotoxicity indicated by ameliorating pathological change and decreasing Ni accumulation in rat livers. Ni induced a significant increase in hepatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, decreased the glutathione (GSH) content while compared to those in the control group. Nano-Se administration improved the hepatic antioxidant capacity through increase hepatic GSH contents and GSH-Px activity, decrease the activities of SOD, CAT, and MDA level. Nano-Se improved the cell viability, decreased active oxygen (ROS) generation and ameliorated morphological changes of nuclear structures in Ni-treated HepG2 cells. In addition, Nano-Se inhibited the Ni-induced increases of cytochrome c, caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, increased PI3K and AKT phosphorylation both in vivo and in vitro. Besides, the PI3K inhibitor Y294002 could inhibit the protective effects of Nano-Se on apoptosis. Thus, Nano-Se significantly activates PI3K/AKT signaling to ameliorate apoptosis in Ni-induced hepatotoxicity.

Nano-selenium attenuates nickel-induced testosterone synthesis disturbance through inhibition of MAPK pathways in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Nano-Se against Ni-induced testosterone synthesis disorder in rats and determine the underlying protective mechanism. Sprague-Dawley rats were co-treated with Ni (5.0 mg/kg, i.p.) and Nano-Se (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, oral gavage) for 14 days after which various endpoints were evaluated. The Ni-induced abnormal pathological changes and elevated 8-OHdG levels in the testes were attenuated by Nano-Se administration. Importantly, decreased serum testosterone levels in the Ni-treated rats were significantly restored by Nano-Se treatment, particularly at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of testosterone synthetase were increased by Nano-Se compared to the Ni group, whereas phosphorylated protein expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were suppressed by Nano-Se administration in the Ni-treated rats. Overall, the results suggest that Nano-Se may ameliorate the Ni-induced testosterone synthesis disturbance via the inhibition of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK MAPK pathways.

Ameliorative effects of nano-selenium against NiSO4-induced apoptosis in rat testes.

Nickel (Ni) is a common environmental pollutant, which has toxic effects on reproductive system. Nowadays, nano-selenium (Nano-Se) has aroused great attention due to its unique antioxidant effect, excellent biological activities and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of Nano-Se on NiSO4-induced testicular injury and apoptosis in rat testes. Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) (5 mg/kg b.w.) was administered intraperitoneally and Nano-Se (0.5, 1, and 2 mg Se/kg b.w., respectively) was given by oral gavage in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Histological changes in the testes were determined by H&E staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the apoptosis in testes. Expression levels of mitochondrial apoptosis-related genes and proteins were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The results showed that Nano-Se improved lesions of testicular tissue induced by NiSO4. Nano-Se significantly alleviated NiSO4-induced apoptosis in rat testes, as well as significantly downregulated the Bak, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and caspase-3 and upregulated Bcl-2 expression levels, all of which were involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Altogether, we concluded that Nano-Se may potentially exert protective effects on NiSO4-induced testicular injury and attenuate apoptosis, at least partly, via regulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathways in rat testes.

Laser-Irradiation-Induced Melting and Reduction Reaction for the Formation of Pt-Based Bimetallic Alloy Particles in Liquids.

Laser melting in liquids (LML) is one of the most effective methods to prepare bimetallic alloys; however, despite being an ongoing focus of research, the process involved in the formation of such species remains ambiguous. In this paper, we prepared two types of Pt-based bimetallic alloys by LML, including Pt-Au alloys and Pt-iron group metal (iM=Fe/Co/Ni) alloys, and investigated the corresponding mechanisms of alloying process. Detailed component and structural characterizations indicate that laser irradiation induced a quite rapid formation process (not exceeding 10 s) of Pt-Au alloy nanospheres, and the crystalline structures of Pt-Au alloys is determined by the monometallic constituents with higher content. For Pt-iM alloys, we provide direct evidence to support the conclusion that FeOx /CoOx /NiOx colloids can be reduced to elementary Fe/Co/Ni particles by ethanol molecules during laser irradiation, which then react with Pt colloids to form Pt-iM sub-microspheres. These results demonstrate that LML provides an optional route to prepare Pt-based bimetallic alloy particles with tunable size, components, and crystalline phase, which should have promising applications in biological and catalysis studies.

Coexistence of resistance switching and negative differential resistance in the α-Fe2O3 nanorod film.

We report the coexistence of resistance switching (RS) behavior and the negative differential resistance (NDR) phenomenon in the α-Fe2O3 nanorod film grown in situ on a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate. The reversible switching of the low- and high-resistance states (LRS and HRS, respectively) of the film device can be excited simply by applying bias voltage. The switching from the HRS to the LRS was initiated in the negative bias region, whereas the NDR process followed by the reversion of the HRS occurred in the positive bias region. With the increase in compliant current (CC), the carrier conduction models of the LRS and the HRS both changed and the current-voltage (I-V) relationships in the NDR region were seriously affected by the thermal process according to the level of applied CC. The co-existence of RS and NDR was possibly caused by defects during migration, such as oxygen vacancies and interstitial iron ions, which were formed in the α-Fe2O3 nanorod film. This work provided information on the ongoing effort toward developing novel electrical features of advanced transition metal oxide devices.

Laser irradiation-induced Au-ZnO nanospheres with enhanced sensitivity and stability for ethanol sensing.

Incorporating noble metal nanoparticles on the surface or the inner side of semiconductors to form a hybrid nanostructure is an effective route for improving the gas sensing performance of the semiconductors. In this study, we present novel Au-decorated ZnO nanospheres (Au-ZnO NSs) obtained by the laser irradiation of liquids. Structural characterization indicated that the Au-ZnO NSs consisted of single crystalline ZnO NSs with a few Au nanoparticles decorated on their surfaces and abundant encapsulated Au nanoparticles with relatively small sizes. Laser irradiation-induced heating-melting-evaporating processes are responsible for the formation of unique Au-ZnO NSs. The gas sensing properties of the Au-ZnO NSs, as gas sensing materials, were investigated and compared with those of pure ZnO NSs. The former showed a lower working temperature, higher sensitivity, better selectivity, and good reproducibility. The response values of the Au-ZnO NS and pure ZnO NS sensors to ethanol of 100 ppm were 252 and 75 at a working temperature of 320 °C and 360 °C, respectively. Significant enhancements in gas sensing performance should be attributed to the electronic sensitization induced by the depleted layers between the encapsulated Au nanoparticles and ZnO and chemical sensitization originating from the catalytic effects of Au nanoparticles decorated on the surfaces that dissociated molecular oxygen.

Size-Controlled AgI/Ag Heteronanowires in Highly Ordered Alumina Membranes: Superionic Phase Stabilization and Conductivity.

Nanoscaled ionic conductors are crucial for future nanodevices. A well-known ionic conductor, AgI, exhibited conductivity greater than 1 Ω(-1) cm(-1) in α-phase and transformed into poorly conducting ß-/γ-phase below 147 °C, thereby limiting applications. Here, we report that transition temperatures both from the ß-/γ- to α-phase (Tc↑) and the α- to ß-/γ-phase (Tc↓) are tuned by AgI/Ag heteronanowires embedded in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes with 10-30 nm pores. Tc↑ and Tc↓ shift to correspondingly higher and lower temperature as pore size decreases, generating a progressively enlarged thermal hysteresis. Tc↑ and Tc↓ specifically achieve 185 and 52 °C in 10 nm pores, and the final survived conductivity reaches ∼8.3 × 10(-3) Ω(-1) cm(-1) at room temperature. Moreover, the low-temperature stabilizing α-phase (down to 21 °C, the lowest in state of the art temperatures) is reproducible and survives further thermal cycling. The low-temperature phase stabilization and enhancement conductivity reported here suggest promising applications in silver-ion-based future nanodevices.

A novel reduction approach to fabricate quantum-sized SnO2-conjugated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites as non-enzymatic glucose sensors.

Quantum-sized SnO2 nanocrystals can be well dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets through a convenient one-pot in situ reduction route without using any other chemical reagent or source. Highly reactive metastable tin oxide (SnO(x)) nanoparticles (NPs) were used as reducing agents and composite precursors derived by the laser ablation in liquid (LAL) technique. Moreover, the growth and phase transition of LAL-induced SnO(x) NPs and graphene oxide (GO) were examined by optical absorption, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Highly dispersed SnO(x) NPs can also prevent rGO from being restacked into a multilayer structure during GO reduction. Given the good electron transfer ability and unsaturated dangling bonds of rGO, as well as the ample electrocatalytic active sites of quantum-sized SnO2 NPs on unfolded rGO sheets, the fabricated SnO2-rGO nanocomposite exhibited excellent performance in the non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose molecules. The use of LAL-induced reactive NPs for in situ GO reduction is also expected to be a universal and environmentally friendly approach for the formation of various rGO-based nanocomposites.

Study of the Durability of Membrane Electrode Assemblies in Various Accelerated Stress Tests for Proton-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.

In this work, we focus on the degradation of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) in proton-exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) induced by different accelerated stress tests (ASTs), including constant-current mode, square-wave mode, and solar photovoltaic mode. In constant-current mode, at continuous testing for 600 h at 80 °C, a degradation of operating voltage increased by the enhanced current density from 22 µV/h (1 A/cm2) to 50 µV/h (3 A/cm2). In square-wave mode, we found that in the narrow fluctuation range (1-2 A/cm2), the shorter step time (2 s) generates a higher degradation rate of operating voltage, but in the wide fluctuation range (1-3 A/cm2), the longer step time (22 s) induces a faster operating voltage rise. In the solar photovoltaic mode, we used a simulation of 11 h sunshine duration containing multiple constant-current and square-wave modes, which is closest to the actual application environment. Over 1400 h ASTs, the solar photovoltaic mode lead to the most serious voltage rise of 87.7 µV/h. These results are beneficial to understanding the durability of the PEM electrolyzer and optimizing the components of MEAs, such as catalysts, membranes, and gas diffusion layers.

Odorant Binding Protein Expressed in Legs Enhances Malathion Tolerance in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel).

Bactrocera dorsalis is a highly invasive species and is one of the most destructive agricultural pests worldwide. Organophosphorus insecticides have been widely and chronically used to control it, leading to the escalating development of resistance. Recently, odorant binding proteins (OBPs) have been found to play a role in reducing insecticide susceptibility. In this study, we used RT-qPCR to measure the expression levels of four highly expressed OBP genes in the legs of B. dorsalis at different developmental stages and observed the effect of malathion exposure on their expression patterns. The results showed that OBP28a-2 had a high expression level in 5 day old adults of B. dorsalis, and its expression increased after exposure to malathion. By CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis, we generated OBP28a-2-/- null mutants and found that they were more susceptible to malathion than wild-type adults. Furthermore, in vitro direct affinity assays confirmed that OBP28a-2 has a strong affinity for malathion, suggesting that it plays a role in reducing the susceptibility of B. dorsalis to malathion. Our findings enriched our understanding of the function of OBPs. The results highlighted the potential role of OBPs as buffering proteins that help insects survive exposure to insecticides.

Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for the management of primary dysmenorrhoea: protocol for a randomised controlled trial in China.

INTRODUCTION: Primary dysmenorrhoea (PD) is a common menstrual concern with significant physical and psychosocial impacts. The effectiveness and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) in alleviating PD symptoms remain uncertain due to insufficient evidence. This single-centre, parallel, randomised controlled study intends to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TEAS for PD management. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: 60 participants aged 18-40 years diagnosed with moderate to severe PD will be recruited from Tai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and randomly assigned to either a TEAS group or a TEAS-sham group (1:1). The TEAS group will undergo 12 sessions of TEAS treatment over two menstrual cycles, with 30 min per session, three sessions weekly. Participants in the TEAS-sham group will receive TEAS stimulation using identical devices and protocols but without current output. The primary outcome is the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain assessment. Secondary outcomes are Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, total effective rate, uterine artery haemodynamics, prostaglandin and ß-endorphin level, mental well-being and quality of life. Adverse events and their potential reasons and the use of analgesics will also be recorded. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tai'an Hospital of TCM. Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2300071686.

Group III (In/Ga)-V (P/As)-VI (S/Se) Monolayers: A New Class of Auxetic Semiconductors with Highly Anisotropic Electronic/Optical/Mechanical/Thermal Properties.

We present a theoretical design of a class of 2D semiconducting materials, namely, group III (In/Ga)-V (P/As)-VI (S/Se) monolayers, whose global-minimum structures are predicted based on the particle swarm optimization method. Electronic structure calculations suggest that all group III-V-VI monolayers exhibit quasi-direct semiconducting characteristics with desirable band gaps ranging from 1.76 to 2.86 eV (HSE06 functional). Moreover, most group III-V-VI monolayers possess highly anisotropic carrier mobilities with large anisotropic ratios (3.4-6 for electrons, 2.2-25 for holes). G0W0+BSE calculations suggest that these monolayers show high optical anisotropy and relatively large exciton binding energies (0.33-0.75 eV), comparable to that (0.5 eV) of MoS2 monolayer. In particular, the GaPS monolayer manifests strikingly anisotropic I-V curves with a large ON/OFF ratio of ∼105 (106 for the GaPS bilayer) and anisotropic lattice thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the GaPS monolayer is predicted to exhibit both in-plane and out-of-plane negative Poisson ratios (NPRs) and prominent anisotropic Young moduli.

Sleep Duration and Functional Disability Among Chinese Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: The duration of sleep plays a crucial role in the development of physiological functions that impact health. However, little is known about the associations between sleep duration and functional disability among older adults in China. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the associations between sleep duration and functional disabilities in the older population (aged≥65 years) in China. METHODS: The data for this cross-sectional study were gathered from respondents 65 years and older who participated in the 2018 survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, an ongoing nationwide longitudinal investigation of Chinese adults. The duration of sleep per night was obtained through face-to-face interviews. Functional disability was assessed according to activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales. The association between sleep duration and functional disability was assessed by multivariable generalized linear models. A restricted cubic-spline model was used to explore the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and functional disability. RESULTS: In total, 5519 participants (n=2471, 44.77% men) were included in this study with a mean age of 73.67 years, including 2800 (50.73%) respondents with a functional disability, 1978 (35.83%) with ADL disability, and 2299 (41.66%) with IADL disability. After adjusting for potential confounders, the older adults reporting shorter (≤4, 5, or 6 hours) or longer (8, 9, or ≥10 hours) sleep durations per night exhibited a notably increased risk of functional disability compared to that of respondents who reported having 7 hours of sleep per night (all P<.05), which revealed a U-shaped association between sleep duration and dysfunction. When the sleep duration fell below 7 hours, increased sleep duration was associated with a significantly lower risk of functional disability (odds ratio [OR] 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.91; P<.001). When the sleep duration exceeded 7 hours, the risk of functional disability associated with a prolonged sleep duration increased (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05-1.29; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Sleep durations shorter and longer than 7 hours were associated with a higher risk of functional disability among Chinese adults 65 years and older. Future studies are needed to explore intervention strategies for improving sleep duration with a particular focus on functional disability.