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Introduction: MYC transcription factors are the basic regulators of the jasmonic acid signaling pathway and play important roles in plant growth and development and the response to adverse stress. In recent years, severe winter freezing and late spring frost in the main planting area of walnut in Xinjiang have affected the growth and development of walnut, which has become a prominent problem restricting walnut production. Xinjiang wild walnut is the only remaining wild species of walnuts in China, which contains a lot of genes with excellent traits, and is important for the cultivation and breeding. Methods: In this paper, the physicochemical properties and bioinformatics of MYC transcription factor members in walnut were analyzed, and the nine MYC were screened from the transcriptome data under low temperature stress. At last, we study the subcellular localizations and the expression patterns of the nine MYC members in Xinjiang wild walnut. Results: The results revealed that 30 MYC members were identified from published walnut whole-genome data, and their evolutionary relationships with Arabidopsis and poplar were divided into six groups according to clustering analysis, among which JrMYC22 and JrMYC23 had high homology with PtrMYC2b, which is induced by jasmonic acid in response to low-temperature stress. Walnut MYC members are unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. The prediction of promoter cis-acting elements of walnut MYC transcription factor family members revealed that cis-acting elements related to jasmonic acid and lowtemperature stress were the ones with the greatest number of members, with 12. In addition, all nine MYC family members in Xinjiang wild walnut plants responding to low-temperature stress exhibited strong fluorescence responses in the nucleus. The expression levels of these members in response to low-temperature stress revealed that JrMYC28, JrMYC31, JrMYC33, JrMYC34, and JrMYC35 were highly expressed, and it was hypothesized that JrMYC28, JrMYC31, JrMYC33, JrMYC34, and JrMYC35 might play a key role in the response to lowtemperature stress. Discussion: The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for further research on the functional mechanisms of the MYC transcription factor family members in walnut.
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In the title compound, C(21)H(20)Br(2)O(2)S, prepared by the reaction of 1,9-bis-(4-bromo-phen-yl)nona-2,7-diene-1,9-dione with sodium sulfide nona-hydrate in acetonitrile, the six-membered thio-pyran ring has a chair conformation while the H atoms ortho to the S atom adopt a cis configuration. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 2.59â (8)°.
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To clarify the phytogeography of Prunus armeniaca L., two chloroplast DNA fragments (trnL-trnF and ycf1) and the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were employed to assess genetic variation across 12 P. armeniaca populations. The results of cpDNA and ITS sequence data analysis showed a high the level of genetic diversity (cpDNA: HT = 0.499; ITS: HT = 0.876) and a low level of genetic differentiation (cpDNA: FST = 0.1628; ITS: FST = 0.0297) in P. armeniaca. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the genetic variation in P. armeniaca occurred among individuals within populations. The value of interpopulation differentiation (NST) was significantly higher than the number of substitution types (GST), indicating genealogical structure in P. armeniaca. P. armeniaca shared genotypes with related species and may be associated with them through continuous and extensive gene flow. The haplotypes/genotypes of cultivated apricot populations in Xinjiang, North China, and foreign apricot populations were mixed with large numbers of haplotypes/genotypes of wild apricot populations from the Ili River Valley. The wild apricot populations in the Ili River Valley contained the ancestral haplotypes/genotypes with the highest genetic diversity and were located in an area considered a potential glacial refugium for P. armeniaca. Since population expansion occurred 16.53 kyr ago, the area has provided a suitable climate for the population and protected the genetic diversity of P. armeniaca.
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DNA de Cloroplastos/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Prunus armeniaca/genética , Variação Genética , Haplótipos , Filogenia , FilogeografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of using forehead expansive skin flap double-pedicled with superficial temporal vessels for repairing male cervicofacial scar. METHODS: From July 2005 to June 2009, 13 male patients with an average age of 27 years old (range: 21 - 38) were operated by the above method. The scar-repairing area was from 14 cm × 5 cm to 32 cm × 15 cm. The procedure was carried out in three stages. Firstly, ultrasound Doppler was used to detect and mark the location and orientation of superficial temporal artery. A proper cavity was created under the forehead muscle and then the appropriate expander embedded through the scalp incision. The expander was expanded first by injecting normal saline at 1 or 2 weeks post-operation. After that, the injection was repeated by 3 or 5 days. The volume ratio of injection to expander was (1.5-3.5):1. Secondly the forehead expansive skin flap was designed with proper hair follicle scalp pedicled by bilateral superficial temporal artery when the expansion was completed. After removal of the expander, the rectangle expansive skin flap with hair follicle scalp was transferred through the double pedicle. The cervicofacial scar was excised according to the size of the transferred expansive skin flap (25 cm × 6 cm to 32 cm × 9 cm). And the flap was adjusted with hair follicle scalp to the middle of the chin area in order to obtain the normal beard appearance. Donor site were closed directly. Thirdly, the pedicle skin flap were cut and restored after one month. RESULTS: The volume expanded for each expander ranged from 420 to 800 ml (mean: 660). The average expansion time was 4 months (range: 3 - 5). All flaps survived well. Donor site were closed directly. Both chin and beard looked normal. CONCLUSIONS: Repairing hypertrophic scar and reconstructing beard in cervicofacial area with forehead expansive skin flap pedicled by bilateral superficial temporal artery is a valuable and safe method. The donor site is scarless. And the reconstructed chin and beard are normal both functionally and aesthetically.
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Cicatriz/cirurgia , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pescoço/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ortognáticos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/irrigação sanguínea , Expansão de TecidoRESUMO
In the present study, the synthesis of hapten for the organophosphorus (OP) pesticide paraoxon-methyl was developed, with a spacer arm (aminocarboxylic acid) attached at the aromatic ring. It was conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) for use as an immunogen and to ovalbumin (OVA) for coating antigen for ELISA testing. Rabbits were immunized with the immunogen and two polyclonal antisera were produced and screened against the coating antigen using competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For application to textile samples, the influence of several factors such as organic solvent, ionic strength, and pH on the ELISA results were studied. Under optimized conditions, the quantitative working range was 0.012-1.158 microg/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.005 microg/mL and the IC(50) was 0.115 microg/mL.There was negligible cross reactivity (CR) with other OP pesticides. The recoveries obtained by standard paraoxon-methyl addition to the different textile samples such as cotton, wool and muslin delaine were all from 86.0% to 108.0%. Therefore, the optimized ELISA may become a new convenient and economical analytical tool for monitoring paraoxon-methyl residues in textile samples.
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Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Compostos Organofosforados/análise , Praguicidas/análise , Têxteis/análise , Animais , Anticorpos/sangue , Anticorpos/imunologia , Bovinos , Haptenos/química , Haptenos/imunologia , Compostos Organofosforados/química , Ovalbumina/química , Ovalbumina/imunologia , Paraoxon/análogos & derivados , Paraoxon/análise , Paraoxon/química , Praguicidas/química , Coelhos , Soroalbumina Bovina/química , Soroalbumina Bovina/imunologiaRESUMO
A rapid immunochromatographic assay was developed and validated for detection of 1-aminohydantoin (AHD) in urine specimens. Colloidal gold-labeled polyclonal antibody specific to AHD derivative was used as the marker; based on the competitive reactivity theory, the metabolite of nitrofurantoin after derivatization with benzaldehyde would compete with carboxyphenyl AHD derivative-conjugated ovalbumin. The test strip could efficaciously detect the novel analyte with a visual detection limit of 10 ng mL(-1) and high specificity. The reliability of the assay was determined by testing 80 standard samples comparing with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The semi-quantitative detection was accomplished in less than 15 min with low cost, especially for requirements of rapid and simple screening. This is the first publication of an immunochromatographic assay for detection of nitrofuran residues.
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Hidantoínas/urina , Imunoensaio/métodos , Anticorpos/metabolismo , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Coloide de Ouro/química , Humanos , Hidantoínas/metabolismo , Modelos Químicos , Nitrofuranos/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
The present study was conducted to investigate the clinical significance of cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 1 (CREB3L1) and pleiotrophin (PTN) expression in prognosis of patients with brain gliomas. Human brain tissue samples were collected from normal glial tissues (control), low- and high-grade glioma tissues. CREB3L1 and PTN expression levels in cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and population distribution of the CREB3L1- and PTN-presenting patients was examined. The CREB3L1 and PTN mRNA expression levels in three types of the brain cells was determined by RT-PCR. Survival rates for population of the CREB3L1- and PTN-presenting patients were examined. CREB3L1+ cell counts were decreased with increased PTN+ cells in the low-grade and high-grade glioma tissues as compared with the control. Population proportion of the CREB3L1+-presenting patients decreased from the control to the high-grade glioma and the population of the PTN+-presenting patients increased in low- and high-grade gliomas as compared with the control (both P<0.05). The decrease in the CREB3L1 mRNA expression was associated with the increase in the PTN mRNA expression in the low- and high-grade gliomas (P<0.05). Survival time for patients with CREB3L1- and PTN+ gliomas was shorter than patients with CREB3L1+ and PTN- gliomas in the investigated cohorts (both P<0.05). There was a relationship between the expression levels of both proteins and survival time. CREB3L1 and PTN expression levels serve as biomarkers with utility in grading gliomas. Absence of CREB3L1 and presence of PTN in brain glioma cells correlate with survival time of the glioma patients.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Proteína de Ligação ao Elemento de Resposta ao AMP Cíclico/genética , Citocinas/genética , Glioma/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Encéfalo/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Glioma/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The neuroprotective effects of hypothermia in acute ischemic stroke are well documented. However, the mechanisms involved in the effects remain to be clearly elucidated and the role of hypothermia on long-term white matter integrity after acute ischemic stroke has yet to be investigated. AIMS: To investigate the role of mild focal hypothermia on long-term white matter (WM) integrity after transient cerebral ischemia. RESULTS: Mild focal hypothermia treatment immediately after ischemic stroke significantly promotes WM integrity 28 days after the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) in mice. Higher integrity of white matter, lower activation of total microglia, less infarct volume, and better neurobehavioral function were detected in hypothermia-treated mice compared to normothermia-treated mice. Furthermore, we found that hypothermia could decrease detrimental M1 phenotype microglia and promote healthy M2 phenotype microglia. In vitro, results also indicated that hypothermia promoted oligodendrocytes differentiation and maturation after oxygen glucose deprivation. CONCLUSION: Hypothermia promotes long-term WM integrity and inhibits neuroinflammation in a mouse model of ischemic brain injury.
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Encéfalo/fisiologia , Hipotermia Induzida/métodos , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/complicações , Leucoencefalopatias/etiologia , Leucoencefalopatias/terapia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Antígenos/genética , Antígenos/metabolismo , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Infarto Encefálico/etiologia , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Hipóxia Celular/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Cérebro/citologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Glucose/deficiência , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Proteína Básica da Mielina/genética , Proteína Básica da Mielina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neurofilamentos/genética , Proteínas de Neurofilamentos/metabolismo , Oligodendroglia/metabolismo , Proteoglicanas/genética , Proteoglicanas/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Teste de Desempenho do Rota-Rod , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Avascular necrosis of femoral head (AVFH) is a clinically recalcitrant disease of hip that leads to joint destruction. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) and RANK ligand (RANKL) regulates the balance, maturation and function of osteoclast and bone remodeling. This study aims to investigate molecular pathways which leads to AVN by studying expression profile of OPG, RANK and RANKL genes. Quantitative Real Time-PCR is used to evaluate mRNA expression of OPG, RANK and RANKL. mRNA and protein level in normal and necrotic tissue from 42 samples of ANFH specimens were analyzed. OPG and RANKL protein levels are estimated by western blotting. The results indicated that OPG mRNA levels are higher but not significantly different in necrotic tissue than that in normal tissue (P>0.05). Although expression of RANK and RANKL is significantly lower than that of OPG, RANK and RANKL mRNA levels are higher in necrotic tissue than normal tissue (P<0.05). Protein levels of OPG and RANKL show no significant difference. In conclusion, OPG, RANK and RANKL play important role in progress of bone remodeling in necrotic area and in disturbance of bone homeostasis, which might have an effect on bone destruction and subsequent collapse of hip joint.
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Practical applications of the high temperature thermoelectric materials developed so far are partially obstructed by the costly and complicated fabrication process. In this work, we put forward two additional important properties for thermoelectric materials, high crystal symmetry and congruent melting. We propose that the recently discovered thermoelectric material Cu2-xSe, with figure of merit, zT, over 1.5 at T of ~ 1000 K, should meet these requirements, based on our analysis of its crystal structure and the Cu-Se binary phase diagram. We found that its excellent thermoelectric performance is intrinsic, and less dependent on grain size, while highly dense samples can be easily fabricated by a melt-quenching approach. Our results reveal that the melt-quenched samples and single crystals exhibit almost the same superior thermoelectric performance, with zT as high as 1.7-1.8 at T of ~973 K. Our findings not only provide a cheap and fast fabrication method for highly dense Cu(2-x)Se bulks with superior thermoelectric performance, paving the way for possible commercialization of Cu2-xSe as an outstanding component in practical thermoelectric modules, but also provide guidance in searching for new classes of thermoelectric systems with high crystal symmetry or further improving the cost performance of other existing congruent-melting thermoelectric materials.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the functional result of a "Two in One" urethroplasty which combined oral mucosa graft and local flap. METHODS: 17 patients with hypospadias underwent a "Two in One" urethroplasty, which combined buccal mucosa and local flap for urethral reconstruction. Uroflowmetry was performed 1 day before and 1 year after operation. The urine flow rate, voided volume and urine flow curves were detected using a rotating sensor. The results of maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) were expressed as percentiles and compared to the Toguri value from normal children. RESULTS: Before corrective operation, 12 of 17 patients (70.6%) produced a plateau urine flow curve. 5 patients (29.4%) produced a very low flow curve. The average maximum flow rate was (7.89 +/- 2.29) ml/s per second compared to Toguri values, 12 of 17 patients (70.6%) had a Qmax below the normal 5th percentile. After a "Two in One" urethroplasty, a hell-shaped curve was obtained in 10 patients (58.8%). The maximum flow rate was (11.30 +/- 3.01) mL/s per second. 7 of 17 patients (41.2%) had a Qmax above the normal 25th percentile, 8 patients (47.1%) had a Qmax between the normal 25th percentile and 5th percentile, only 2 patients (11.8%) had a Qmax below the 5th percentile. CONCLUSIONS: The functional result of the "Two in One" urethroplasty is ideal. The maximum urine flow rate of the patients increases after the operation.
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Hipospadia/fisiopatologia , Hipospadia/cirurgia , Uretra/fisiopatologia , Uretra/cirurgia , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A novel two-step etching approach is used to modify the surface layer of photovoltaic glasses, leading to a porous surface layer with a graded refractive index, and nearly 100% transmittance over a broad range of wavelengths, from ultraviolet to near infrared.
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OBJECTIVE: To apply the scapular free flap extended to the upper arm for resurfacing the face and neck, as well as the upper lip in one stage. METHODS: The scapular free flap was designed with extended portion to the posterior and interior part of the upper arm. Then the free flap was transferred to resurface the face and neck with the routine portion and to resurface the upper lip with the extended portion. RESULTS: 6 cases with extensive upper lip, facial and cervical burn scar were treated with the extended scapular free flaps. The flap size ranged from 22 cm x 11 cm to 40 cm x 9.5 cm (36.57 cm x 10.20 cm in average) for the routine portion and from 7 cm x 4 cm to 12 cm x 4 cm (10.32 cm x 3.67 cm in average) for the extended portion. All flaps survived completely. CONCLUSIONS: There are direct communicating branches ("choke vessel") between the circumflex scapular artery (CSA) and the posterior humeral circumflex artery (PHCA). When the blood supply of PHCA is cut off, the CSA can provide blood supply through the communicating branches to the upper arm skin area previously nourished by PHCA. So the blood supply of the extended portion of the scapular free flap is not only from the branches of CSA, but also from the direct communicating branches between the CSA and PHCA. The extended scapular free flap has a reliable blood supply and can be applied to construct the facial and cervical scar contraction with the extended portion to resurface the upper lip. The satisfactory result can be expected.
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Cicatriz/cirurgia , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Adulto , Braço/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pescoço , Escápula , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To prevent the retraction of the penis after prolongation and augmentation. METHODS: After all the superficial and part of the deep suspensory ligament amputation, we implanted the silicon sheet (the length 2.3-3.6 cm, the width 1.5-2.5 cm, the thickness 2-3 mm) and injected autologous granular fat (30-48 ml) into penis. RESULTS: 16 patients (age 22-63 years, averagely 38 years) underwent this kind operation, the prolongation length is 1.8-5.1 cm, the average was 2.91 cm, the increased diameter of penis was 0.6-1 cm, the average is 0.85 cm, the following period is 3 months to 2 years. The results are satisfactory with the penis retraction less than 8%, and less than 10% decrease in diameter. CONCLUSIONS: This method is an ideal way of the penis prolongation and augmentation, the implantation of the silicon sheet is effective way to prevent the retraction of the penis.
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Tecido Adiposo/transplante , Pênis/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Silicones/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante Autólogo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A rapid and simple method is developed for the determination of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) by CE immunoassay with chemiluminescence (CL). This method is based on the competitive reactions between horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled MPA (MPA-HRP) and free MPA with anti-MPA antiserum. The influencing factors on the electrophoresis and CL detection were studied completely and the optimal conditions of separation and determination were obtained. The linear range was 2.0-50 nmol/L and the LOD for MPA was 0.9 nmol/L. The present method was applied to the analysis of pork tissues.
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Eletroforese Capilar/métodos , Imunoensaio/métodos , Acetato de Medroxiprogesterona/análise , Animais , Escore Lod , Medições Luminescentes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To provide an ideal method for flap prefabrication. METHODS: The superficial temporal fascial flap has been elevated based on the superficial temporal vessels during the first-stage procedure. A subcutaneous tissue pocket with appropriate site was formed in the retroauricular and mastoid process region. The fascial flap was transferred into the pocket and fixed properly. The tissue expander was placed under the fascial flap. When the expanding process has been finished, the expander was removed and the expanded induced prefabricated skin flap of the retroauricular and mastoid process region pedicled on the superficial temporal vascular bundle was elevated and transferred to repair the facial skin defect. RESULTS: There were nine cases in the group. Facial defects after resection of the melanotic nevus was repaired in 2 cases and facial defects after resection of the facial haemangioma and scar were repaired in 2 and 5 cases respectively. Pedicle length of the superficial temporal fascial flap was ranged from 5.5 cm to 7 cm (mean length 6.2 cm). The size of the fascial flaps was ranged from 4 cm x 3 cm to 7 cm x 7 cm (mean size 5.7 cm x 4.9 cm). The size of the prefabricated skin flaps was ranged from 5 cm x 5 cm to 8.0 cm x 7.5 cm (mean size 6.4 cm x 6.1 cm). The average time of the tissue expansion process is 16.1 weeks. All flaps survived postoperatively and the donor sites of the flaps were appropriated directly in 5 cases. The split-thickness skin grafting was used to recover the donor site defects in 4 cases. CONCLUSIONS: The superficial temporal fascial flap owns the following advantages: the vascular pedicle is much longer and vascular supply is plentiful, and it is convenient to transfer. Meanwhile, the skin of the retroauricular and mastoid process region is most similar to that of the face in texture, color and depth. For the patients selected strictly, the technique mentioned above is somewhat an ideal method for facial defect repair.
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Orelha Externa/cirurgia , Traumatismos Faciais/cirurgia , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Fáscia/transplante , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Expansão de Tecido , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological properties of cultured human oral mucosa epithelium using autologous serum in order to provide a new material for tissue engineering urethra. METHODS: The cultured oral mucosa epithelium was respectively transplanted beneath the skin, above the deep fascia and in the wound of the athymic mice. The specimens were taken at 2, 3, 4, and 6 weeks posttransplantation, and processed for (1) immunofluorescence anti-HLA staining to determine graft acceptance, and (2) anti-human IV collagen and antihuman laminin immunohistochemical staining procedures to indicate the basement membrane formation. RESULTS: All the grafts survived and grew very well. The grafts were positive to anti-HLA. Collagen type IV and laminin were detected at the dermo-epidermal junction in all groups from day 14, and increasing in density up to day 21. CONCLUSIONS: he cultured human oral mucosa epithelium by autologous serum could develop an excellent functional epithelium tissue, which would be used to reconstruct urethra and repair wound.
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Epitélio/transplante , Mucosa Bucal/citologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Soro , Transplante de Pele , Técnicas de Cultura de Tecidos , Alicerces Teciduais , Transplante de Tecidos/métodos , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the result of urethral defect repair using freeze-dried acellular bladder submucosa. METHODS: The freeze-dried acellular bladder submucosa was obtained from human cadaveric bladder submucosa using freeze-thawed enzymatic treatment and the freeze-drying technique. 18 male New Zealand rabbits were used in this experiment. A defect of 1.0 cm x 0.5 cm was created in the ventral urethra of the animal. The acellular matrix was grafted to the urethral defect in 14 rabbits. The other 4 animals underwent a sham operation as the controls. From postoperative one to twenty-four weeks, the animals underwent retrograde urethrography at certain intervals. The grafts of the acellular matrix were taken and prepared for histological evaluation. RESULTS: No obvious urethral stricture was observed in the 14 matrix-grafted animals. Histological examinations of the specimens showed progressive infiltration of cells and vascular vessels. Complete epithelization was obtained at 2 weeks. The orientation of collagen fibers in the matrix-grafted area tended to be regular with time. CONCLUSIONS: Freeze-dried acellular bladder submucosa may be a suitable material for urethral defect repair, which induces urethral mucous cells to migrate, grow and epithelialize.
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Matriz Extracelular/transplante , Liofilização , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Uretra/cirurgia , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/citologia , Coelhos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Uretra/patologia , Estreitamento Uretral , Bexiga Urinária/citologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate new methods of treatment for penile hypospadias. METHODS Urethroplasty was performed for penile hypospadias using inner preputial skin grafts combined with preputial island flap. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients have received this procedure. After a mean follow up of one year, no fistula or urethral stricture was found. All patients obtained excellent cosmetic results. CONCLUSIONS: This method allows for adequate correction of severe chordee. It is a useful procedure for selected cases of primary hypospadias with severe incurvation.
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Prepúcio do Pênis/transplante , Hipospadia/cirurgia , Pênis/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Hipospadia/etiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Uretra/cirurgiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This clinical study was to explore why the neo-urethra is liable to be infected after hypospadias operation, find the source and the common floras of infection, and accordingly, improve the peroperation procedures so as to reduce postoperative infection rate. METHODS: The pathogenic floras were examined and analyzed by germiculture and karyotype analysis. RESULTS: The bacteria in the neo-urethra mostly came from the orifice and the reconstruction material of the urethra. The most common floras that caused infection were gram-positive coccus. The most sensitive antibiotics for hypospadias infection were demethylvancomycin. CONCLUSION: The postoperative infection of hypospadias is incisional, not the urinary system infection. Because the microenvironment of the neo-urethra is more suitable for infection than that of the skin or mucosa, the reconstructed urethra is likely to be infected.