[The seroepidemiological aspects of respiratory diseases and the prospects for their prevention in organized children's sanatorium-type collectives]. / Seroépidemiologicheskie aspekty respiratornykh zabolevanii i perspektivy ikh profilaktiki v detskikh organizovannykh kollektivakh sanatornogo tipa.

68 children aged 3-7 years, undergoing general sanative treatment in a bronchopulmonary sanatorium in the vicinity of Moscow between November 10 and December 29, 1990, were examined. During the stay of these children in the sanatorium cases of respiratory diseases, mainly of parainfluenza etiology, were registered, which was confirmed by serological laboratory studies. At this season no cases of Legionella and Mycoplasma infections were detected. The necessity of taking prophylactic measures with the use of reaferon and lysozyme in sanative groups of children in due time, starting from the first day of the formation of such group, was substantiated.

[Viral hepatitis markers in saliva specimens from patients with acute hepatitis A, B and C]. / Markery virusnykh gepatitov v obraztsakh sliuny bol'nykh ostrymi gepatitami A, B i C.

Anti-HVA IgM, HBsAg, anti-HBc IgM, anti-HVC were determined in the blood sera and saliva specimens obtained from patients with acute hepatitis A, B, C (HA, HB, HC) and from healthy persons of the control group. 37 HA patients, 27 HB patients and 24 HC patients, observed in the dynamics of the disease (for a period of 1 month and longer from the appearance of manifestations of the disease), as well as 30 practically healthy persons (the control group) were examined. Anti-HVA IgM could be found in saliva specimens taken from the HA patients 100% of cases, but could not be found in saliva specimens from the persons of the control group and HB patients. The presence of HBsAg was established in 92.8% and anti-HBc IgM, in 100% of cases in saliva specimens from patients with acute HB. In no case HB markers were found in saliva samples obtained from HA patients and from the persons of the control group. In HBsAg-positive saliva specimens HB virus DNA was detected by the method of polymerase chain, reaction, which opened new aspects for the modern interpretation of the role of saliva as a factor in the natural transmission of HB. Anti-HVC could be found in all patients both in the blood serum and saliva specimens, but proved to be absent in the persons of the control group, as well as in HA and HB patients. The dynamic study of HA, HB and HC patients for the detection of anti-HVA and anti-HBc IgM, HBsAg and anti-VHC demonstrated the possibility of detecting these markers for 1 month and longer in the blood sera and in saliva specimens. The results of these investigations suggest that saliva specimens may be regarded as an alternative to blood sera in the diagnosis of HA, HB and HC in patients with acute viral hepatitis; these results also open prospects for the use of saliva specimens as an object of study in diagnostic laboratories, the deciphering of viral hepatitis outbreaks, the diagnosis of HA in persons with anicteric forms of HA.

[Etiological and pathogenetic factors in aborted pregnancy]. / O nekotorykh étiologicheskikh i patogeneticheskikh faktorakh nevynashivaniia beremennosti.

PIP: It is believed that 1 of the most frequent causes for habitual abortion is a hypofunction of the ovaries and an endometrial insufficiency. The authors studied 80 women suffering from miscarriage, aged 21 to 34. The etiological factor for the miscarriage was an ovarian hypofunction in 48 cases and ovarian hypofunction associated with genital infantilism which was confirmed by X-ray examination in 32 cases. Functional diagnosis tests were performed, and the level of 11-oxycorticosteroid in the blood was measured as well as the level of catecholamine secretion. These tests and a thorough examination of the small pelvis revealed an ovarian dysfunction and significant signs of hypoluteinis, glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex, inhibition of the adaptive mechanisms and disorder of the hemodynamic organs of the small pelvis. These results allow to plan a medical action for women with ovarian hypofunction and genital infantilism associated with chronic inflammatory processes of the sexual organs.^ieng