Assuntos
Comitês de Cuidado Animal , Bem-Estar do Animal/normas , Revisão Ética/normas , Modelos Animais , Revisão da Pesquisa por Pares/normas , Projetos de Pesquisa/normas , Experimentação Animal , Direitos dos Animais , Animais , Tomada de Decisões , Revisão da Pesquisa por Pares/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were fed diets containing 25% rapeseed oil (RSO), partially-hydrogenated herring oil (PHHO) or a 3:1 mixture of lard/corn oil as control (CON) for 4 months. The RSO contained approximately 25% of the fatty acids as erucic acid (cis-docos-13-enoic, 22:1w9) while the PHHO contained a similar concentration of mainly cetoleic acid (cis-docos-11-enoic, 22:1w11). The CON contained no 22:1 acids. The monkeys developed the expected myocardial lipidosis, somewhat more pronounced in the RSO than the PHHO group, but small foci of mononuclear cell infiltration, while infrequent, occurred in all three groups. Significant intergroup differences in biochemical or hematologic measurements of serum constituents were an increase in serum cholesterol concentration in the RSO group and an increase in serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase activity in both RSO and PHHO groups at certain intervals. The shorter proportion of M. fascicularis life span represented by this experiment may account for the absence of clear intergroup differences such as are reported in rats used in similar studies.
Assuntos
Gorduras na Dieta , Ácidos Erúcicos , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Animais , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Brassica , Colesterol/sangue , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Erúcicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe , Haplorrinos , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino , Músculos/patologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Necessidades Nutricionais , ÓleosRESUMO
Heart mitochondrial oxidation of palmityl CoA and pyruvic acid was studied in rats and in the monkey Macaca fascicularis to determine the effects of feeding partially hydrogenated herring oil. Herring oil glycerides contain cetoleic acid (cis-11-docosenoic) which could have a similar effect to erucic acid (cis-13-docosenoic) in causing a rat cardiomyopathy. The initial rat heart mitochondrial response to dietary cetoleic acid (67% cis, 33% trans) was an in vitro decrease in palmityl CoA oxidation. Pronlonged feeding of cetoleic acid mixture was associated with a significant metabolic adaptation, increasing pyruvate and palmityl CoA oxidation above control levels. In vitro addition of cetoleyl CoA (pure cis isomer) stimulated pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, a possible response to decreased B-oxidation. There was no significant adaptive change in pyruvate or palmityl CoA use in monkeys after prolonged feeding of partially hydrogenated herring oil. Cetoleyl CoA was a good substrate for monkey heart carnitine acyl transferase even in the presence of palmityl CoA. These observations suggest that C22 fatty acids may be metabolized more rapidly in monkey heart than in rat heart. Metabolic differences argue against using the rat as an experimental model for studying possible cardiotoxic effects of docosenoic acids in primates.