Diving into the proteomic atlas of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells.

The COVID-19 pandemic was initiated by the rapid spread of a SARS-CoV-2 strain. Though mainly classified as a respiratory disease, SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple tissues throughout the human body, leading to a wide range of symptoms in patients. To better understand how SARS-CoV-2 affects the proteome from cells with different ontologies, this work generated an infectome atlas of 9 cell models, including cells from brain, blood, digestive system, and adipocyte tissue. Our data shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly trigger dysregulations on proteins related to cellular structure and energy metabolism. Despite these pivotal processes, heterogeneity of infection was also observed, highlighting many proteins and pathways uniquely dysregulated in one cell type or ontological group. These data have been made searchable online via a tool that will permit future submissions of proteomic data ( https://reisdeoliveira.shinyapps.io/Infectome_App/ ) to enrich and expand this knowledgebase.

Early use of nitazoxanide in mild Covid-19 disease: randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Nitazoxanide is widely available and exerts broad-spectrum antiviral activity in vitro. However, there is no evidence of its impact on SARS-CoV-2 infection. In a multicenter, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adult patients presenting up to 3 days after onset of Covid-19 symptoms (dry cough, fever, and/or fatigue) were enrolled. After confirmation of SARS-CoV2 infection by RT-PCR on a nasopharyngeal swab, patients were randomised 1:1 to receive either nitazoxanide (500 mg) or placebo, TID, for 5 days. The primary outcome was complete resolution of symptoms. Secondary outcomes were viral load, laboratory tests, serum biomarkers of inflammation, and hospitalisation rate. Adverse events were also assessed. From June 8 to August 20, 2020, 1575 patients were screened. Of these, 392 (198 placebo, 194 nitazoxanide) were analysed. Median time from symptom onset to first dose of study drug was 5 (4­5) days. At the 5-day study visit, symptom resolution did not differ between the nitazoxanide and placebo arms. Swabs collected were negative for SARS-CoV-2 in 29.9% of patients in the nitazoxanide arm versus 18.2% in the placebo arm (p=0.009). Viral load was also reduced after nitazoxanide compared to placebo (p=0.006). The percent viral load reduction from onset to end of therapy was higher with nitazoxanide (55%) than placebo (45%) (p=0.013). Other secondary outcomes were not significantly different. No serious adverse events were observed. In patients with mild Covid-19, symptom resolution did not differ between nitazoxanide and placebo groups after 5 days of therapy. However, early nitazoxanide therapy was safe and reduced viral load significantly.

Sífilis gástrica: relato de 21 casos e revisäo da literatura / Gastric syphilis: a report of 21 cases and literature review

A sífilis é uma doença infecto-contagiosa causada pelo Treponema pallidum. Embora raramente comprometido, o estömago representa a principal sede de lesöessifiliticas do trato gastrointestinal. Objetivo: Relatar a expetiência dos autores em 21 casos diagnosticados e tratados entre 1970 e 1999 na Faculdade Medicina de Ribeiräo Preto da Universidade de Säo Paulo, Ribeiräo Preto, SP. Material e métodos: Foram revisados 54.000 laudos endoscópicos e 21 prontuários dos pacientes selecionados e revistos os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, radiológicos, endoscópicos, terapêuticos e evolutivos da sífilis gástrica nesta populaçäo. Resultados: Dos 21 pacientes, 16(76,10 por cento) eram do sexo masculino e 5(23,9 por cento) do feminino, com média de idade de 40 anos. Dor epigástrica ocorreu em todos os casos, seguida por emagrecimento em 66,7 por cento. Apenas 2 pacinentes (9,5 por cento) tinham evidências clinicas de sífilis. O teste sorológico de Wasserman foi o mais utilizado e positivo em 76,1 por cento dos casos. Catorze pacientes tinham estudo radiológico, sendo encontrada lesäo ulcerada gástrica em 50 por cento deles. A endoscopia revelou enormes ulceraçöes de antro e/ou corpo com infiltraçäo da parede em 80 por cento dos casos. O tratamento com penicilina benzatínica foirealizado em 18 pacientes (85,7 por cento) e 3 (14,3 por cento) foram operados devido à suspeita de carcinoma gástrico. Conclusäo: Os autores propöem uma classificaçäo macroscópica baseada no aspecto endoscópico das lesöes gástricas. A sífilis deve ser considerada como diagnóstico deferencial de toda a lesäo ulcerada gástrica, incluindo o carcinoma. Como resultado, ressecçöes gástricas desnecessárias podem ser evitadas