Reverse supply chain practices for construction and demolition waste in the Brazilian Amazon: a multi-stakeholder view.

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) is an environmental problem that affects all regions of the world. Particularly in the Brazilian Amazon Forest region, the volume of CDW generated almost doubled between 2007 and 2019. Indeed, despite Brazil having environmental regulations for waste management, these have been insufficient to solve the environmental problem because there is no CDW reverse supply chain (RSC) properly developed in the Amazon region. Previous studies have proposed a conceptual model of a CDW RSC but have hitherto failed to apply them against real world practice. This paper, therefore, attempts to test existing conceptual models that describe a CDW RSC against real industry practice prior to developing an applied model of a CDW RSC for the Brazilian Amazon. To modify the conceptual model for CDW RSC, qualitative data through 15 semi-structured interviews with five different types of stakeholders of the Amazonian CDW RSC were collected and analyzed using qualitative content analysis methods using NVivo software. The proposed applied model includes present and future reverse logistics (RL) practices, and strategies and tasks necessary for the implementation of a CDW RSC in the city of Belém of Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon. Findings reveal that several overlooked problems, particularly the limitations of the existing legal framework in Brazil, are not enough to promote a robust CDW RSC. This is perhaps the first study to examine CDW RSC in the Amazonian rainforest. Arguments provided in this study highlight the necessity for an Amazonian CDW RSC that must be promoted and regulated by the government. This can be addressed by the utilizing public-private partnership (PPP) for developing a CDW RSC.

Evaluation of the QuEChERS method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis pesticide residues in water and sediment.

A method for the determination of pesticide residues in water and sediment was developed using the QuEChERS method followed by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. The method was validated in terms of accuracy, specificity, linearity, detection and quantification limits. The recovery percentages obtained for the pesticides in water at different concentrations ranged from 63 to 116%, with relative standard deviations below 12%. The corresponding results from the sediment ranged from 48 to 115% with relative standard deviations below 16%. The limits of detection for the pesticides in water and sediment were below 0.003 mg L⁻¹ and 0.02 mg kg⁻¹, respectively.

Percepção ambiental de estudantes sobre seu bairro / Environmental perception of students about the neighborhood where they live and study / Percepción ambiental de los estudiantes sobre el barrio en el que viven y estudian

As políticas brasileiras, no campo da educação, estimulam a relação escola-bairro como parte importante do processo educativo, para o que entendemos ser fundamental valorizar tanto as características do ambiente sócio físico, quanto a experiência das pessoas que ali convivem. Com base nesse quadro geral, investigamos a percepção dos estudantes sobre os locais onde moram e estudam, explorando os limites do bairro e como situam a escola nesse contexto. Metodologicamente foram utilizados diários pessoais com solicitação do desenho de mapas e entrevistas realizadas durante caminhadas pela área. Participaram 23 estudantes (15 mulheres e 7 homens), com idades entre 13 e 17 anos, matriculados no 9º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública do bairro Guarapes, Natal-RN. Os resultados mostram sua percepção sobre a setorização do espaço, a predominância de descrições gráficas relativas ao centro do bairro e dificuldades no reconhecimento de mudanças previstas para acontecerem naquela zona urbana.(AU)

Brazil's policies in the field of education encourage school-community relathionship as an important part of the educational process, for which we believe is essential to valorise both the physical characteristics of the social environment and the experience of the people who live there. Based on this, we investigate the perception of students about where they live and study, exploring the boundaries of the local and how to place the school in this context. Methodologically they were used diary personal with drawing maps and interviews during walks in the area. There were 23 students (15 women and 7 men) aged between 13 and 17 years enrolled in the 9th grade in a public school Guarapes neighborhood, Natal-RN. The results show their perception of the compartmentalization of space, the predominance of graphic descriptions of the center of the neighborhood and difficulties in recognizing changes set to take place in that urban area.(AU)

Políticas de Brasil en el campo de la educación fomentan la relacion escuela-barrio como una parte importante del proceso educativo, esencial para valorizar tanto las características físicas del entorno social y la experiencia de las personas que viven allí. Sobre este marco, se investiga la percepción de los estudiantes acerca de donde viven y estudian, la exploración de los límites del barrio y cómo colocar la escuela en este contexto. Metodológicamente fueron utilizados diarios personales con el dibujo de mapas y entrevistas durante los paseos en la zona. Había 23 estudiantes (15 mujeres y 7 hombres) con edades entre los 13 y 17 años matriculados en el noveno grado en una escuela pública situado en barrio Guarapes, Natal-RN. Los resultados muestran la compartimentación del espacio, el predominio de las descripciones gráficas del centro de la zona y las dificultades para reconocer los cambios que tendrá lugar en esa zona urbana.(AU)