Body Adiposity Changes After Lifestyle Interventions in Children/Adolescents and the NYD-SP18 and TMEM18 Variants.

BACKGROUND This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the common TMEM-18 (rs4854344, G>T) and NYD-SP18 (rs6971091, G>A) gene variants and weight loss after lifestyle interventions (increased physical activity in conjunction with optimal dietary intake) in overweight/obese children/adolescents. MATERIAL AND METHODS We genotyped 684 unrelated, white, non-diabetic children (age 12.7±2.1 years, average BMI at baseline 30.66±4.80 kg/m²). Anthropometric and biochemical examinations were performed before and after 4 weeks of an intensive lifestyle intervention. RESULTS The mean weight loss achieved was 5.20±2.02 kg (P<0.001). NYDSP-18 AA homozygotes had significantly higher abdominal skinfold value before and after the intervention (both, P=0.001). No significant associations between BMI decrease and the NYD-SP18 and TMEM18 variants were found. Associations between all anthropometrical and biochemical changes and genes remained non-significant after data were adjusted for sex, age, and baseline values. CONCLUSIONS Decreased body weight in overweight/obese children is not significantly influenced by the NYD-SP18 rs6971091 or TMEM18 rs4854344 polymorphisms.

The consumption of the carp meat and plasma lipids in secondary prevention in the heart ischemic disease patients.

OBJECTIVES: Omega-3 fatty acids (FA) have been shown to be protective against cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of the consumption of carp meat on CVD risk factors has not yet been examined in detail. We ascertained the influence of a diet enriched with carp meat with an elevated content of omega-3FA (200 g twice weekly for 4 weeks) in a group of subjects after cardiac revascularization surgery for ischemic heart disease with a follow-up spa treatment. DESIGN: After cardiac revascularization surgery, the probands consumed either a standard spa diet (56 individuals, 41 males, 15 females, age 41-80 years) or a diet enriched with two portions of carp meat (87 individuals, 64 males, 23 females, age 50-82 years). The differences in body mass index (kg/m²), blood pressure, plasma lipids and C-reactive protein (CRP) of the groups were analyzed. RESULTS: In the group with a higher consumption of carp meat, significantly greater improvements in lipid parameters in comparison to the standard spa diet were detected (total cholesterol p<0.001, triglycerides p<0.001, LDL-C p<0.001, CRP p<0.001, HDL-C p<0.001). No differences between these groups in blood pressure and body mass index were found. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the diet enriched with carp meat significantly improved plasma lipid parameters in patients after major cardiac revascularization surgery.