A Novel Gene Fusion YLPM1::PRKD1 Identified in a Cribriform Subtype of Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma.

Cribriform adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland (CASG) is an entity that is currently classified under polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC), cribriform subtype per the 2022 WHO classification of head and neck tumours. There is debate about whether CASG should be considered a separate diagnostic entity, as CASG differs from conventional PAC in anatomic site, clinical behaviors, and molecular patterns. Herein we describe a challenging and unique case which shares histologic and behavioral features between CASG and conventional PAC with a YLPM1::PRKD1 rearrangement not previously reported in the literature.

Rates of Cognitive Decline in 100 Patients With Alzheimer Disease.

Background: In the state of Louisiana, the prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) is projected to increase 26.4% by 2025 because of the rapidly increasing geriatric population. While significant research is available on risk factors for developing AD, less data are available regarding AD progression and the rate of change among patients with the disease. To date, no research has established the baseline cognitive decline of patients with AD residing in New Orleans, Louisiana. Methods: We evaluated 100 patients in the Ochsner Health system from September 2013 to December 2019 who had a diagnosis of AD and repeated Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores to determine annual rates of decline. Associated variables that were analyzed included race, age at diagnosis, social factors, and comorbidities. Results: The average annual rates of decline for MMSE and MoCA scores were 2.43 (SD 2.82) points and 2.39 (SD 1.88) points, respectively. Our results were significant for a faster rate of decline in MMSE scores among smokers (3.50 points, SD 3.20) vs nonsmokers (1.54 points, SD 2.07). We found no significant difference in MoCA scores for smokers vs nonsmokers, in addition to other demographic and lifestyle variables. Conclusion: The rate of decline seen in an urban population of patients with AD is lower than the average rate of decline reported in the literature, a finding that can help inform future interventional studies that use rate of decline as a primary outcome.

Characteristics of accidental injuries from power tools treated at two emergency departments in Queensland.

OBJECTIVE: Injuries are a major burden on the Australian healthcare system. Power tool usage is a common cause of accidental injury. A better understanding of the trends of power tool injuries will inform prevention strategies and potentially mitigate costs. METHODS: The ED databases from two level 1 hospitals were reviewed for presentations between 2005 and 2015 resulting from accidental injury with power tools. A subgroup of patients presenting to one hospital between 2016 and 2017 were interviewed about the activities and circumstances that led to their injuries, and followed up 3 months later to assess outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 4057 cases of accidental injury from power tool use were identified. Power saws and grinders contributed to 54% of injuries. Most injuries were located on an upper limb (48%) or the head and neck (30%). Over half (54%) of all head injuries were associated with metal and wood fragments to the eye from grinders, drills and saws. Hospital admission rates were highest for patients aged >60 years. Injuries to females were <5% of all presentations, but 40% of those caused by lawnmowers. Among the 200 patients interviewed, lapses in concentration during use, and modification and inappropriate use of a power tool were the main contributors to injury. Recovery periods >3 months were common. CONCLUSIONS: Accidental injuries from power tool use have a considerable impact on ED resources and can affect the long-term quality of life of those injured. Effective education about safe usage and protection may prevent many injuries.