Metallic State of a Mixed-Sequence Oligomer Salt That Models Doped PEDOT Family.

Modern organic conductors are typically low-molecular-weight or polymer-based materials. Low-molecular-weight materials can be characterized using crystallographic information, allowing structure-conductivity relationships to be established and conduction mechanisms to be understood. However, controlling their conductive properties through molecular structural modulation is often challenging because of their relatively narrow conjugate areas. In contrast, polymer-based materials have highly π-conjugated structures with wide molecular-weight distributions, and their structural inhomogeneity makes characterizing their structures difficult. Thus, we focused on the less-explored intermediate, i.e., single-molecular-weight oligomers that model doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The dimer and trimer models provided clear structures; however, the short oligomers led to much lower conductivities (<10-3 S cm-1) than that of doped PEDOT. Herein, we elongated the oligomer to a tetramer through geometrical tuning based on a mixed sequence. The "P-S-S-P" sequence (S: 3,4-ethylenedithiothiophene; P: 3,4-(2',2'-dimethypropylenedioxy)thiophene) with twisted S-S enhanced the solubility and chemical stability. The subsequent oxidation process planarized the oligomer and expanded the conjugate area. Interestingly, the sequence involving sterically bulky outer P units allowed the doped oligomer to form a pitched π-stack in the single-crystal form. This enabled the inclusion of excess counter anions, which modulated the band filling. The combined effects of conjugate area expansion and band-filling modulation significantly increased the room-temperature conductivity to 36 S cm-1. This is the highest value reported for a single-crystalline oligomer conductor. Furthermore, a metallic state was observed above room temperature in a single-crystalline oligoEDOT for the first time. This unique mixed-sequence strategy for oligomer-based conductors enabled the precise control of conductive properties.

Detecting Magnetoelectric Effect in a Metallic Antiferromagnet via Nonreciprocal Rotation of Reflected Light.

Certain types of media breaking both space-inversion (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetries but preserving their combination PT exhibit the polarization rotation of reflected light even when that of transmitted light is prohibited. Such an effect is termed nonreciprocal rotation of reflected light (NRR). Although NRR shows nearly the same phenomenon as the magnetooptical Kerr effect or, equivalently, the Hall effect at optical frequencies, its origin is distinct and ascribed to a magnetoelectric (ME) effect at optical frequencies, i.e., the optical ME effect. Here we show the observation of NRR in a metallic antiferromagnet TbB_{4}. The result demonstrates that the ME effect in a metallic system, which is considered to be ill defined, can be detected using reflected light. Furthermore, we spatially resolve antiferromagnetic domains in TbB_{4} by microscope observations of NRR. Our work offers a unique way to probe the ME effect in metallic systems.

[Cervical Trachea Injury Caused by Suicide Attempt:Report of a Case].

Traumatic tracheal injuries are rare, but life-threatening. A 20-year-old man who became recluse stabbed in his neck by a kitchin knife for the purpose of suicide and was transferred to our hospital. He had stabbed wound about 8 cm in length in his anterior neck. No injury of lung, esophagus, cervical vessels was seen by cervical and chest enhanced computed tomography (CT). Emergency surgery was performed. Exploration of his neck revealed almost all of cartilage of trachea was cut in the hight just caudal to cricoid cartilage. The membranous portion of trachea was not injured. The cartilage of trachea was sutured. He was extubated on the 6th postoperative day and discharged on the 35th postoperative day. No injuries to his cervical vessels or esophagus must have contributed to his good postoperative course.j.

Ni(III) Mott-Hubbard-like State Containing High-Spin Ni(II) in a Semiconductive Bromide-Bridged Ni-Chain Compound.

Halogen-bridged linear chain metal complexes (MX-Chains) are fascinating compounds that have a quasi-one-dimensional (1D) electronic system. In this study, we synthesized the first Ni-based MX-Chain compound having hydroxy groups, i.e., [Ni(dabdOH)2Br]Br2·[Ni(dabdOHx)2Br]0.5·(2-PrOH)0.25·(MeOH)0.25 (1·solvent, x = ∼0.6, dabdOH = (2S,3S)-2,3-diaminobutane-1,4-diol). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the MX-Chains in 1·solvent formed sheets and single-chain structures in the superlattice. It suggested an MH-like state, whereas the polarized reflection and Raman spectra suggested a CDW-like state. Magnetic and electron spin resonance measurements revealed that both high-spin Ni(II) (∼15%) and low-spin Ni(III) (∼85%) sites are present in the chain structures, i.e., the metal sites show mixed valency. Therefore, we concluded that 1·solvent adopts an intermediate state between the MH and CDW states. Moreover, a single crystal of 1·solvent exhibited semiconductive characteristics along the chain direction. This finding represents a new structural and electronic state of 1D electronic systems as well as MX-Chains.

Hydrogen Bonding Propagated Phase Separation in Quasi-Epitaxial Single Crystals: A Pd-Br Molecular Insulator.

In condensed matter, phase separation is strongly related to ferroelasticity, ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, electron correlation, and crystallography. These ferroics are important for nano-electronic devices such as non-volatile memory. However, the quantitative information regarding the lattice (atomic) structure at the border of phase separation is unclear in many cases. Thus, to design electronic devices at the molecular level, a quantitative electron-lattice relationship must be established. Herein, we elucidated a PdII-PdIV/PdIII-PdIII phase transition and phase separation mechanism for [Pd(cptn)2Br]Br2 (cptn = 1R,2R-diaminocyclopentane), propagated through a hydrogen-bonding network. Although the Pd···Pd distance was used to determine the electronic state, the differences in the Pd···Pd distance and the optical gap between Mott-Hubbard (MH) and charge-density-wave (CDW) states were only 0.012 Å and 0.17 eV, respectively. The N-H···Br···H-N hydrogen-bonding network functioned as a jack, adjusting the structural difference dynamically, and allowing visible ferroelastic phase transition/separation in a fluctuating N2 gas flow. Additionally, the effect of the phase separation on the spin susceptibility and electrical conductivity were clarified to represent the quasi-epitaxial crystals among CDW-MH states. These results indicate that the phase transitions and separations could be controlled via atomic and molecular level modifications, such as the addition of hydrogen bonding.

Potential Targets for Overactive Bladder in Older Men Based on Urinary Analysis of Metabolomics.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between overactive bladder (OAB) and urinary metabolites in men. METHODS: This prospective observational study included 42 men aged 65-80 years. The 3-day frequency volume chart (FVC), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life score were adapted to assess the micturition behavior. Participants with IPSS urgency score ≥2 were included in the OAB group, and those with IPSS urgency score <2 were included in the control group. We performed a comprehensive metabolomic analysis using urine samples. Metabolites were compared between the groups using an unpaired t test and Fisher's exact test in a nonadjusted analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between OAB and the metabolites. RESULTS: Overall, 23 men were included in the OAB group and 19 in the control group. There were no differences in the background factors except age between the groups. FVC analysis demonstrated that nocturnal urine volume, 24-h micturition frequency, and nocturnal micturition frequency were significantly higher, and the maximum voided volume was significantly lower in the OAB group than in the controls. Metabolomic analysis revealed 14 metabolites that were differentially expressed between the groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that an increase in the levels of 5-iso prostaglandin F2α-VI (5-iPF2a-VI) and 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid was associated with OAB. CONCLUSION: Abnormal urinary metabolites, including metabolites in the tryptophan (5-methoxyindoleacetic acid, 3-indoleacetonitrile, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid) and arachidonic acid (5-iPF2a-VI) pathways, play a role in the pathogenesis of OAB in older men.

Long Carbon-Carbon Bonding beyond 2 Å in Tris(9-fluorenylidene)methane.

We report on our investigation of C-C bonding longer than 2.0 Å, which can be realized by perpendicularly facing two fluorenyl rings in the title compound. A small orbital overlap between the distantly positioned carbon atoms is observed as a small concentration of electrons on the X-ray electron density map. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the compound originate from the in-phase and out-of-phase interactions of the overlapping orbitals, respectively, with a gap of 2.39 eV. Solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy shows a sharp peak at 82.9 ppm for the long-bonded carbons, and a CASSCF(6,6) calculation indicates small diradical character. The experimental and theoretical analyses reveal sufficient covalent-bonding interaction in the long-bonded carbon pair.

Strong Terahertz Radiation via Rapid Polarization Reduction in Photoinduced Ionic-To-Neutral Transition in Tetrathiafulvalene-p-Chloranil.

Terahertz lights are usually generated through the optical rectification process within a femtosecond laser pulse in noncentrosymmetric materials. Here, we report a new generation mechanism of terahertz lights based upon a photoinduced phase transition, in which an electronic structure is rapidly changed by a photoirradiation. When a ferroelectric organic molecular compound, tetrathiafulvalene-p-chloranil, is excited by a femtosecond laser pulse, the ionic-to-neutral transition is driven and simultaneously a strong terahertz radiation is produced. By analyzing the terahertz electric-field waveforms and their dependence on the polarization direction of the incident laser pulse, we demonstrate that the terahertz radiation originates from the ultrafast decrease of the spontaneous polarization in the photoinduced ionic-to-neutral transition. The efficiency of the observed terahertz radiation via the photoinduced phase transition mechanism is found to be much higher than that via the optical rectification in the same material and in a typical terahertz emitter, ZnTe.

Urinary metabolites identified using metabolomic analysis as potential biomarkers of nocturia in elderly men.

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between nocturia and urinary metabolites in elderly men using metabolomic analysis. METHODS: We recruited 66 men aged 65-80 years. The 3-day frequency volume chart (FCV), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life score were used to assess micturition behavior. Participants with the total IPSS > 0 and ≥ 1.5 micturition on an average for three nights were included in the nocturia group. Participants with the total IPSS < 8 and < 1.5 micturition at night were included in the control group. We conducted a comprehensive metabolomic analysis of urine samples. Metabolites were compared between the groups using an unpaired t test. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between nocturia and these metabolites. RESULTS: The nocturia and control groups consisted of 45 and 21 men, respectively. There were no differences in the background factors between the groups except for receiving anticholinergic drug and having life style-related diseases. The FVC revealed that nocturnal urine volume, 24 h micturition frequency, and nocturnal micturition frequency were significantly higher in the nocturia group than in the control group. The metabolomic analysis revealed 16 metabolites, which were differentially expressed between the groups. The multivariate analysis showed that increased serotonin level and decreased 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 3-indoleacetonitrile levels were associated with nocturia. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that abnormal urinary metabolites including serotonin, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, and 3-indoleacetonitrile are involved in the pathogenesis of nocturia in elderly men.

Severity of emphysema as a prognosticator of resected early lung cancer: an analysis classified by Goddard score.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate whether the severity of emphysema as classified by Goddard score influences the prognosis of patients with early lung cancer, there are few reports about that. METHODS: From April 2009 to December 2016, we recruited 412 consecutive patients with completely resected clinical stage 0/IA/IB non-small cell lung cancer. The Goddard score assessed on preoperative computed tomography scan was retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between the Goddard score and early lung cancer prognosis. RESULTS: The patients were classified into two groups: Goddard score ≤ 4 points and ≥5 points according to the results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for recurrence events. The 3-year relapse-free survival rate of emphysema with Goddard score ≤ 4 points (88.6%) was higher than that of emphysema with Goddard score ≥ 5 points (60.8%) (P < 0.001). There was a higher proportion of cancer-related deaths in the group with Goddard score ≥ 5 points compared with the group with Goddard score ≤ 4 points (50% and 32.1%, respectively) (P = 0.082). A Goddard score ≥ 5 points was a significant prognostic factor for relapse-free survival in the univariate (P < 0.001) and multivariate (P = 0.022) analyses. A Goddard score ≥ 5 points was also a significant prognostic factor for overall survival in the univariate (P < 0.001) and multivariate (P = 0.041) analyses. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that emphysema with a Goddard score of ≥5 points may be a factor that can influence the prognosis of patients with primary lung cancer.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identification of serum biomarkers for nocturia in aged men.

PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the association between nocturia and serum metabolites identified using metabolomics analysis. METHODS: This study enrolled 66 men aged 65-80 years, recruited from the outpatient department of a university hospital. The participants were stratified as follows: Nocturia group [45 men with any total international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and an average of 3 nights ≥ 1.5 micturitions/night] and Control group (21 men with total IPSS < 8 and an average of 3 nights < 1.5 micturitions/night). The 24-h frequency-volume chart, IPSS, and Quality-of-Life questionnaire were used to evaluate micturition behavior. Serum metabolite profiles were obtained using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics analysis and compared between the two groups using the unpaired t test. The relationship between serum metabolites and nocturia was determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: There were no differences in background factors between the Nocturia and Control groups. In the IPSS, mean total scores in the Nocturia and Control groups were 12.4 and 4.0, respectively. On frequency-volume chart analysis, nocturnal urine volume and micturition frequency during daytime and nighttime were significantly higher in the Nocturia group. LC-MS highlighted 13 serum metabolites as potential biomarkers of nocturia. On multivariate analysis, increased levels of palmitoylethanolamide, 4-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, 20-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, arachidonoylethanolamide, eicosapentaenoic acid, 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid, and arachidonic acid were associated with nocturia. CONCLUSIONS: In aged men, the pathogenesis of nocturia involves abnormal metabolism in several signaling pathways involving omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as endocannabinoids.

[Early Sternum Fixation with a Locking Plate for Traumatic Sternal Fracture].

An 86-year-old man fell from a farm trolley and presented with chest bruising. Chest computed tomography showed a hemopneumothorax, multiple right rib fractures, and a sternal fracture at the sternal angle. Although he was treated with a chest tube for drainage and external fixation, a flail chest and severe pain continued. We performed a locked plate fixation of the sternal fracture on the 6th day of hospitalization. The postoperative course was favorable and the patient's flail chest improved. In cases of fracture of the sternum, minimally invasive locked plate sternal fixation may lead to early recovery.

Metabolomics Approach to Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Identification of Possible Biomarkers and Potential Targets for New Treatments.

PURPOSE: We identified metabolites using a metabolomics approach and investigated the association between these metabolites and lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used a 24-hour bladder diary and I-PSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) to assess micturition behavior and lower urinary tract symptoms in 58 male patients without apparent neurological disease. Lower urinary tract symptoms were defined as a total I-PSS score of 8 or greater. Patients with a score of 7 or less were placed in the control group. A comprehensive study of plasma metabolites was also performed by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Metabolites were compared between the lower urinary tract symptoms and control groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. Biomarkers of male lower urinary tract symptoms from the metabolites were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the OR. RESULTS: Of the 58 men 32 were in the lower urinary tract symptoms group and the remaining 26 were in the control group. The 24-hour bladder diary showed that nocturnal urine volume, 24-hour micturition frequency, nocturnal micturition frequency and the nocturia index were significantly higher in the lower urinary tract symptoms group. Metabolomics analysis identified 60 metabolites from patient plasma. Multivariate analysis revealed that increased glutamate and decreased arginine, asparagine and inosine monophosphate were significantly associated with lower urinary tract symptoms in males. Decreases in citrulline and glutamine could also be associated with male lower urinary tract symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Male lower urinary tract symptoms may develop due to abnormal metabolic processes in some pathways. Potential new treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms can be developed by identifying changes in the amino acid profiles.

Tadalafil attenuates hypotonicity-induced Ca2+ influx via TRPV2 and TRPV4 in primary rat bladder urothelial cell cultures.

AIMS: To investigate the localization of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of the PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil in signal transduction in the bladder urothelium. METHODS: PDE5 expression in rat bladder tissues and cultured primary rat bladder urothelial cells was evaluated using immunochemistry and western blot assays. Ca2+ influx in cells exposed to isotonic solution, hypotonic solution, a selective transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channel agonist (cannabidiol), a selective TRPV4 channel agonist (GSK1016790A), a TRP cation channel melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channel agonist (PIP2), or a purinergic receptor agonist (ATP) in the presence or absence of 10 µM tadalafil was evaluated using calcium imaging techniques. We also evaluated stretch-induced changes in ATP concentration in the mouse bladder in the presence or absence of 100 µM tadalafil. RESULTS: Immunochemistry and western blot analyses demonstrated that PDE5 is abundantly expressed in the bladder urothelium and in primary rat urothelial cells. Ca2+ influx induced by hypotonic stimulation, GSK1016790A, or cannabidiol was significantly inhibited by tadalafil, whereas ATP-induced Ca2+ influx was unaffected by tadalafil. PIP2 did not induce Ca2+ influx. ATP release in tadalafil-pretreated bladders significantly decreased compared to control bladders. CONCLUSIONS: Tadalafil attenuates Ca2+ influx via TRPV4 and TRPV2, and inhibits ATP release in the bladder urothelium. These findings indicate that tadalafil functions as an inhibitor of urothelial signal transduction.

Development of novel and non-invasive diagnostic markers for lower urinary tract symptoms using urothelial cells in voided urine.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the expression of connexin (Cx) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel on urothelial cells non-invasively collected from voided urine in humans. METHODS: A total of 55 patients (36 males and 19 females, median age: 71 years old), who were followed up at University of Yamanashi Hospital, were enrolled in the present study. Urothelial cells were collected from voided urine of patients, and the mRNA expression of each subtype of Cxs and TRP channels was measured using quantitive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We then analyzed the correlation between the expression of Cxs and TRP channels and symptom scores in International Prostate Symptom Scoreand Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, in addition to Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) from only interstitial cystitis (IC) patients. RESULTS: Non-adjusted statistical procedure using Spearman's rank-correlation showed that there were significant correlations between the following expressions and symptom scores; (positive correlations) Cx26 versus urgency score, Cx40 versus nocturia, TRPM2 versus intermittency, TRPV1 versus urge incontinence, (negative correlation) Cx40 versus intermittency, TRPM7 versus pollakisuria. However, a multiple comparison adjustment using Bonferroni correction showed that only Cx40 had a trend of correlation with nocturia in ICSI. CONCLUSIONS: The expressions of Cxs and TRP channels on urothelial cells in voided urine could be related to LUTS. Further analysis of urothelial cells in voided urine has the potential to reveal the mechanism of the LUTS and develop new markers with non-invasive methods.

Lack of Change in the Adaptation Ability of the Bladder for the Urine Production Rate in Aged Men with Nocturia.

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the association between bladder capacity and the urine production rate in aged men with or without nocturia using a frequency volume chart (FVC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred and thirty-eight men aged 65-80 years were enrolled. After the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and 3 consecutive days FVC were evaluated, men were divided into 2 groups: Nocturia group, with any total IPSS, and ≥1.5 micturition on average at night; and Control group, with total IPSS < 8 and < 1.5 micturition on average at night. Each parameter was compared between the 2 groups using unpaired t tests. Linear and multiple regression analyses were performed between the urine production rate and volume/voids. RESULTS: Men numbering 45 and 21 were assigned to the Nocturia and Control groups respectively. There were no differences in background factors between the 2 groups. Volume/voids positively correlated with the urine production rate in both groups for day and night. A multivariate regression model also showed the same results. In the Control group, the degree of slope at night was higher than that during the day. However, in the Nocturia group, there were no differences in the degree of slope between day and night. CONCLUSIONS: This novel finding has led to a possibility for resolving nocturia.

[A Resectable Case of TS-1 Therapy Useful in Distinguishing Primary Lung Cancer from Lung Metastases of Pancreatic Cancer].

We report a case of pneumonectomy followed by radical pancreatectomy after oral administration of TS-1 for pancreatic cancer with complications ofa lung tumor. The patient was a 66-year-old woman. A pancreatic tail tumor and 2 lung nodules were detected on CT scans, and were diagnosed as pancreatic cancer and metastatic lung cancer. During a total of1 1 courses ofTS -1 therapy, the pancreatic tumor tended to contract, but both pulmonary nodules remained unchanged. Due to differences in treatment effect, double cancers of the lung and pancreas were suspected, rather than metastatic lung cancers. We performed a VATS partial resection of the left lower lobe for diagnostic therapy. The pathological diagnosis revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and a primary lung cancer. We diagnosed that a radical pancreatectomy was possible and performed distal pancreatectomy. Pathological diagnosis confirmed an invasive pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Oral administration ofTS -1 was performed as adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. Liver metastasis was observed 10 months after pancreatectomy, and GEM therapy was initiated. Peritoneal dissemination was observed at 2 years following pancreatectomy, and the patient died at 2 years and 9 months. TS-1 therapy for synchronous lung tumors and pancreatic cancer with careful observation allowed for a definitive radical resection. This method was an effective treatment for lung nodules with pancreatic cancer.

Multiple-Hydrogen-Bond Approach to Uncommon Pd(III) Oxidation State: A Pd-Br Chain with High Conductivity and Thermal Stability.

A Br-bridged Pd chain complex with the Pd ion in an uncommon +3 oxidation state, [Pd(dabdOH)2Br]Br2 (3), was prepared using a new method involving multiple hydrogen bonds. The PdBr chain complex exhibited superior electrical conductivity and thermal stability. An in-plane ligand with an additional hydrogen donor group (hydroxy group), (2S,3S)-2,3-diaminobutane-1,4-diol (dabdOH), was used to create a multiple-hydrogen-bond network, which effectively shrinks the Pd-Br-Pd distance, stabilizing the Pd(III) state up to its decomposition temperature (443 K). 3 shows semiconducting behavior with quite high electrical conductivity (3-38 S cm-1 at room temperature), which is 106 times larger than the previous record for analogous PdBr chains. Indeed, 3 is the most conductive MX-type chain complex reported so far. The precise positional control of ions via a multiple-hydrogen-bond network is a useful method for controlling the electronic states, thermal stability and conductivity of linear coordination polymers.

The Clock mutant mouse is a novel experimental model for nocturia and nocturnal polyuria.

AIMS: The pathophysiologies of nocturia (NOC) and nocturnal polyuria (NP) are multifactorial and their etiologies remain unclear in a large number of patients. Clock genes exist in most cells and organs, and the products of Clock regulate circadian rhythms as representative clock genes. Clock genes regulate lower urinary tract function, and a newly suggested concept is that abnormalities in clock genes cause lower urinary tract symptoms. In the present study, we investigated the voiding behavior of Clock mutant (ClockΔ19/Δ19 ) mice in order to determine the effects of clock genes on NOC/NP. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice aged 8-12 weeks (WT) and male C57BL/6 ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice aged 8 weeks were used. They were bred under 12 hr light/dark conditions for 2 weeks and voiding behavior was investigated by measuring water intake volume, urine volume, urine volume/void, and voiding frequency in metabolic cages in the dark and light periods. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in behavior patterns between ClockΔ19/Δ19 and WT mice. ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice showed greater voiding frequencies and urine volumes during the sleep phase than WT mice. The diurnal change in urine volume/void between the dark and light periods in WT mice was absent in ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice. Additionally, functional bladder capacity was significantly lower in ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice than in WT mice. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice showed the phenotype of NOC/NP. The ClockΔ19/Δ19 mouse may be used as an animal model of NOC and NP. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:1034-1038, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

INTRAVESICAL MIGRATION OF A HEM-O-LOK CLIP AFTER ROBOT-ASSISTED RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: A CASE REPORT.

The Hem-o-lok clips (HOLC) is frequently used for hemostasis of the lateral pedicles in robot-assisted prostatectomy (RARP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). We report a rare post-operative complication, the migration of a HOLC into the bladder leading to calculus formation after RARP. A 54 year-old man underwent RARP with nerve- sparing procedure with HOLCs in the left neurovascular bundle. Three months later, he was referred to our hospital for pollakisuria and spontaneous hematuria. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a bladder stone that was 7 mm in diameter. On cystourethroscopy, he was noted to have a yellow-colored stone at 9 o'clock position of vesicourethral anastomosis. A cystolithotripsy for a bladder stone was performed until the surface of it was broken. A HOLC with a calculus was revealed and retrieved by stone forceps through the urethra. Since then, Intravesical migration of a HOLC has not been observed.