The impact of anxiety and depression on the quality of life of hemodialysis patients in a sample from Somalia.

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the present study was to determine the quality of life (QoL), depression, and anxiety levels in kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) treatment and examine the impact of depression and anxiety on the QoL of these patients in a sample from Somalia. METHODS: A sample of 200 patients with kidney failure who were undergoing HD treatment approximately two to three times a week was included. All participants were administered a sociodemographic data form, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHO-QOL-BREF). Subjects on HD for less than 3 months prior to the study date were excluded. RESULTS: Of the kidney failure patients, 200 patients, aged 18-86 years (median: 50.0; IQR: 25.0), consented and participated in the study. 58.5% of the participants were men; 64% had a kidney failure duration of 1-5 years, and 52.6% had a HD duration of 1-5 years. Mild symptoms of depression were found in 48%, while moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms were found in 13.5% of HD patients. Depression and anxiety were found to be significantly correlated with overall QoL, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental well-being. There were similar predictors of overall QoL, physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships, and environmental well-being relating to socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, family income, anxiety, and depression. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the important role that anxiety, depression, and family income have in HD patients' QoL in Somalia. It highlights the significance of regular emotional assessment and efficient management in order to increase patient satisfaction. Future studies with larger samples are necessary for more accurate statistical analysis. To optimize patient care, a multidisciplinary healthcare team is recommended.

The Interplay of Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Quality, and Socioeconomic Factors in Somali Hemodialysis Patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess anxiety, depression, and sleep quality in kidney failure patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) in Somalia and examine the relationship between anxiety, depression, and sleep quality. METHODS: We conducted a study with 200 kidney failure patients on HD treatment for over 3 months. Participants completed sociodemographic questionnaires, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS: Among the 200 participants (mean age = 52.3; SD = 14.13), 58.5% were men, 64% had CKD for 1-5 years, and 52.6% received HD for 1-5 years. Depressive symptoms were found in 61.5% (PHQ-9) and 37.5% (HADS depression subscale) of HD patients. Poor sleep quality (PSQI) was observed in 31.5% and significantly correlated with PHQ-9 (rs = 0.633), HADS anxiety (rs = 0.491), and HADS depression (rs = 0.529). The ISI score correlated significantly with PHQ-9 (rs = 0.611), HADS anxiety (rs = 0.494), and HADS depression (rs = 0.586). All PSQI components correlated with depression and anxiety, except sleep medication use. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that HADS anxiety (ß = 0.342) and HADS depression (ß = 0.372) predicted ISI scores. HADS anxiety (ß = 0.307) and HADS depression (ß = 0.419) predicted PSQI scores. CONCLUSIONS: Higher anxiety and depression levels negatively correlated with various dimensions of sleep quality in kidney failure patients. Early identification and appropriate management of these psychological disturbances are crucial for enhancing patients' overall quality of life.

The impact of perceived social support on sleep quality in a sample of patients undergoing hemodialysis in Somalia.

Objective: The main objective of the present study is to examine the relationship between perceived social support and the quality of sleep and to determine the predictors of sleep quality in a sample of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in Somalia. Methods: A sample of 200 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who were undergoing hemodialysis treatment approximately two to three times a week were included. All participants were administered a sociodemographic data form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Patients undergoing HD for less than 3 months prior to the study date were excluded. Results: Of the patients undergoing hemodialysis, 200 patients aged between 18 and 68 years (mean = 52.29; SD = 14.13) gave consent and participated in the study. Sixty-three subjects (31.5%) reported poor sleep quality, defined as having a total PSQI score > 5. Forty-one subjects (20.5%) reported clinically significant (moderate-to-severe) insomnia. The majority of our patients undergoing HD reported remarkably high family support, but low friends and significant other support. Poor sleep quality significantly correlated with perceived friends' support and perceived total social support. While perceived family support significantly correlated with both family income and the duration of chronic kidney disease (CKD), perceived friends' support significantly correlated with age and family income. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that perceived family support and friends' support were significant predictors of poor sleep quality. Perceived friends' support was a significant predictor of insomnia severity. Perceived family support was a significant predictor of subjective sleep quality and sleep duration. Perceived friends' support was a significant predictor of subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction. Family income was a significant predictor of sleep duration. Age and gender were significant predictors of sleep efficiency. The duration of CKD and duration of HD were significant predictors of sleep disturbance. Conclusion: This present study has highlighted the value of family as a principal support system in Somalian culture. Understanding the impact of perceived social support on the quality of sleep in patients undergoing HD will help healthcare providers and social services to focus on and improve the social support systems of the patients as an integral part of their treatment.

Age at Natural Menopause and Influencing Factors in Women Attending the Gynecological Outpatient Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Menopause is the irreversible cessation of menstruation that results from the lack of ovarian follicular function and is diagnosed after 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea without reasonable cause. This study aims to determine the average age at natural menopause and identify its associated factors among Somali women. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Mogadishu Somalia Türkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan research and training hospital's Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient clinic between June 1 and July 1, 2023. Data was collected from subjects during the data collection period using face-to-face interviews with structured questionnaires consisting of sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary, and reproductive characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to find the association between menopause age and target variables. Results: Out of the 188 participants recruited for the study, the median age of menopause was 45.00 (95% CI = 44.50-45.62), and 48.9% had either premature or early menopause. The majority (53.7%) of the participants had a minimum of eight children. In Spearman's rank correlation analysis, we found a significantly positive correlation between menopausal age and age at first (p<0.01), last childbirth (p<0.01), number of parities (p<0.05), and age at marriage (p<0.05). In multivariate logistic regression, we found that the odds of developing premature or early menopause among unemployed women were 59% lower than those of employed women (AOR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.18-0.93). Conclusion: In this study, we established that the age of natural menopause was lower than the findings reported by previous authors. We also found that employment status, education, history of contraceptive use, BMI, age at first and last childbirth, and parity were associated with age at natural menopause, suggesting that social, lifestyle, and reproductive factors may have an impact on menopausal age.

Needlestick and Sharps Injuries Among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Background: Healthcare workers are still at risk from needlesticks and sharps injuries, which can expose them to blood-borne diseases like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. We aimed to investigate the proportion of needlesticks and sharps injuries among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital in Somalia and also evaluate associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital. The data was retrieved from the hospital record of the infection prevention and control department over a six-year period between 2017 and 2022. Results: There were a total of 233 needlestick and sharps injury incidents. The highest number of needlestick and sharps injury cases were reported among nurses (52.4%), followed by cleaners (22.3%), physicians (18.5%), and technicians (6.9%) during the six-year period. Operation theaters were the most frequent place (21.9%) where injuries happened, followed by inpatient care (17.6%) and emergency rooms (16.7%). The most commonly reported instrument that resulted in injuries was a hypodermic needle (81.1%). About 24.9% of the needles or sharps devices that caused needlestick and sharps injury cases were contaminated with hepatitis B. There was a significant difference between gender and place of injury for needlestick and sharps injuries (P=0.001). Conclusion: Healthcare professionals around the world continue to face major health risks from needle stick and sharps injuries. The present study found that 8.6%of healthcare workers sustained a needle stick and sharps injuries incident in the past year. According to our findings, healthcare institutions need to regularly teach healthcare professionals, especially nurses and cleaners about the significance of needle stick and sharps injuries.