RESUMO
On 6th April 2009, at 3.32 AM, there was in L'Aquila and in some neighbouring villages, after an earthquake swarm last some months, an earthquake of M(L) = 5.8 (Richter magnitude scale) on depth of 8.8 km. The event was sensed in a very broad area, till in Rome and Ancon. The operative committee of the Civil Protection Department immediately gathered and a first operating group was despatched in the epicentre; the voluntary association of civil protection were in a pre-alarm situation and then were activated. This work want describe all the activities from 6th April 2009 till 31th August 2009, giving too a synthesis of the normative lines in case of catastrophic events typology C, otherwise all that events impossible to manage without national intervention.
Assuntos
Terremotos , Saúde Pública , Humanos , Itália , Trabalho de ResgateRESUMO
The pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin were evaluated in 10 healthy sheep. After intravenous injection it showed monophasic behaviour, with a short mean (sd) elimination half-life (5 [0.24] hours). After intramuscular injection its bioavailability was 100 per cent but it was absorbed slowly; its elimination half-life was satisfactorily slow (9.23 [0.74] hours). Its efficacy was evaluated in 26 crossbreed sheep with milk positive to strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Streptococcus agalactiae, and clinical signs of disease. In 19 of them a single intramuscular dose of 6 mg/kg bodyweight resulted in a complete resolution of the clinical signs, and no microorganisms were detected in milk by the fifth day; in the other seven sheep, with more severe intramammary infections, three consecutive daily intramuscular doses of 6 mg/kg bodyweight were necessary. There were no local or systemic side effects and no relapses during 30 days after the treatments in any of the sheep.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacocinética , Mastite/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Teicoplanina/farmacocinética , Animais , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Vias de Administração de Medicamentos , Feminino , Injeções Intramusculares/veterinária , Injeções Intravenosas/veterinária , Mastite/tratamento farmacológico , Ovinos , Teicoplanina/administração & dosagem , Teicoplanina/efeitos adversos , Teicoplanina/uso terapêutico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The study describes the clinical, virologic and immunological characteristics of a patient with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis during interferon treatment for HCV chronic hepatitis. After the interruption of the interferon and the beginning of immunosuppressive treatment, an improvement of pulmonary pathology was observed. At the reintroduction of interferon, the patient presented a rapid worsening of pulmonary fibrosis with a normalization of biochemical and virologic parameters of hepatitis. The correlation among interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, HCV infection and interferon treatment is discussed; however in the described case, the pulmonary pathology was correlated to interferon treatment.
Assuntos
Antivirais/efeitos adversos , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Interferons/efeitos adversos , Fibrose Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The authors describe the aetiology, diffusion and prevalence, life cycle of the parasite, pathogenesis, histopathological lesions, clinical picture, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy and prophylaxis of lungworm disease. This parasitic disease is observed in cats worldwide but has a fairly variable incidence and is not always easy to diagnose.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias Parasitárias/veterinária , Infecções por Nematoides/veterinária , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Doenças do Gato/terapia , Gatos , Feminino , Pneumopatias Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias Parasitárias/terapia , Masculino , Infecções por Nematoides/diagnóstico , Infecções por Nematoides/terapia , Strongyloidea/fisiologiaAssuntos
Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/veterinária , Animais , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/diagnóstico , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Cães , Masculino , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/complicações , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/veterináriaRESUMO
The aim of this investigation was to study the effects of clenbuterol treatment (1 mug/kg b.w. i.m. for 10 consecutive days) on haemocoagulation process in seven calves. From each animal, blood samples were taken before (basal sample) and 24, 72, 144, 216, 264, 336 and 360 h after the end of treatment and some parameters were evaluated: coagulation process [prothrombin (PTT) and thrombin times (PT)], a complete blood count and plasmatic levels of 3'5'-monophosphatocyclic-adenosine (c-AMP) . A comparison of the values in each time group during the whole course of the experiments shows a significant increase (P < 0.03, P < 0.01) in PT and PTT at 72, 144, 216 and 264 h. Significant increase (P < 0.01) in c-AMP plasma levels were observed at 144, 216 and 264 h. All these values returned to normal levels after 360 h.
Assuntos
Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Bovinos/fisiologia , Clembuterol/farmacologia , AMP Cíclico/sangue , Animais , Coagulação Sanguínea/fisiologia , Injeções Intramusculares/veterinária , Contagem de Plaquetas/veterinária , Tempo de Protrombina/veterinária , Tempo de Trombina/veterinária , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Cães , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Pressão Intraocular/efeitos dos fármacos , Levobunolol/administração & dosagem , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Tiofenos/administração & dosagem , Timolol/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Animais , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Levobunolol/farmacologia , Masculino , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Tiofenos/farmacologia , Timolol/farmacologiaRESUMO
Here we show that CD40L (ligand for CD40) failed to induce the production of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL-)-1 beta, IL-10 and IL-12 in macrophages matured in vitro in the absence of growth factors or in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). In contrast, enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) testing and cytofluorimetric (FACS) analysis demonstrated significant production of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, but not of IL-10 and IL-12 in macrophages maturated in the presence of CD40L and re-stimulated with CD40L. The priming effect of CD40L on TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta production was related to induction of CD40 expression. Finally, CD40L priming did not modify the cytokine response of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, our results suggest that CD40/CD40L interactions are important for the activation of macrophages as effector cells that mediate inflammation and tissue damage in T cell-mediated inflammatory processes.
Assuntos
Ligante de CD40/farmacologia , Citocinas/biossíntese , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/imunologia , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos CD40/metabolismo , Ligante de CD40/metabolismo , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Interleucina-1/biossíntese , Interleucina-10/biossíntese , Interleucina-12/biossíntese , Ativação de Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ativação de Macrófagos/imunologia , Fenótipo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossínteseRESUMO
A T helper (Th)1 to Th2 shift has been proposed to be a critical pathogenic determinant in chronic hepatitis C. Here, we evaluated mitogen-induced and hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen-induced cytokine production in 28 patients with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis C. Flow cytometry demonstrated that after mitogenic stimulation the percentage of Th2 cells (IL-4 + or IL-13 +) and Th0 cells (IFN-gamma/IL-4 + or IL-2/IL-13 +) did not differ between patients and controls. In contrast, the percentage of Th1 cells (IFN-gamma + or IL-2 +) was significantly increased in CD4 +, CD8 +, 'naive'-CD45RA + and 'memory'-CD45RO + T-cell subsets from patients versus controls. Similar results were obtained by ELISA testing supernatants from mitogen-stimulated, unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. Interferon-alpha treatment was associated with a reduction in the mitogen-induced Th1 cytokine response in those patients who cleared their plasma HCV-RNA. Analysis of cytokine expression by CD4 + T cells after HCV core antigen stimulation in a subgroup of 13 chronic hepatitis C patients demonstrated no cytokine response in 74% of these patients and an IFN-gamma-restricted response in 26%. Finally, no Th2 shift was found in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes. These data indicate that a Th1 to Th2 shift does not occur in chronic hepatitis C.