[Multimodal therapy improved carcinoid syndrome secondary to liver metastases of an atypical lung carcinoid tumor:a case report].

A 69-year-old male presented for an annual medical examination, and his chest X-ray showed an abnormal shadow. He presented to our hospital, and was diagnosed with typical carcinoid tumor of the lung by bronchoscopy. We recommended surgery, however the patient did not agree to the operation. One year later, two masses were detected in the liver. Ultrasound guided biopsy revealed that they were metastases from the atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung. We recommended chemotherapy, but he refused. Six months later, he was admitted to our hospital for symptoms of flushing, fever, watery diarrhea, and palpitations. We diagnosed this combination of symptoms as carcinoid syndrome, and started the administration of a long acting release (LAR) octreotide. The patient's symptoms improved, but did not resolve completely. We then performed a hepatic artery embolization for the liver metastases, and the symptoms resolved. However, viable lesions of the liver metastases slowly grew and caused a carcinoid crisis. By increasing the dosage of octreotide up to a continuous intravenous infusion of 1500µg/day, as well as LAR 30mg/4weeks, the patient recovered from the crisis. Hepatic artery embolization was performed shortly afterward. Because it was difficult to control the carcinoid syndrome by hepatic artery embolization alone, he underwent a resection of the liver metastases. After the hepatic resection, he has had no recurrence of carcinoid syndrome while still being treated with octreotide LAR.

Clinically Amyopathic Dermatomyositis with Interstitial Pneumonia That Was Successfully Treated with Plasma Exchange.

Patients with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM), a subset of dermatomyositis characterized by a lack of muscle involvement, frequently develop rapidly progressive and treatment-resistant interstitial lung disease. We report the case of a 49-year-old man who was diagnosed with CADM. He developed interstitial pneumonia, which did not respond to combination therapy with methylprednisolone pulse therapy, cyclophosphamide, and cyclosporine. We therefore attempted plasma exchange. After 7 courses of therapeutic plasma exchange, the interstitial pneumonia gradually improved. This case suggests that plasma exchange might be an effective therapeutic option for patients with progressive interstitial lung disease in steroid- and immunosuppressive therapy-refractive CADM.