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1.
J Biol Chem ; 291(12): 6347-58, 2016 Mar 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26627828

RESUMO

Hyaluronan (HA) is synthesized by three HA synthases (HAS1, HAS2, and HAS3) and secreted in the extracellular matrix. In human skin, large amounts of HA are found in the dermis. HA is also synthesized by keratinocytes in the epidermis, although its epidermal functions are not clearly identified yet. To investigate HA functions, we studied the effects of HA depletion on human keratinocyte physiology within in vitro reconstructed human epidermis. Inhibition of HA synthesis with 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) did not modify the expression profile of the epidermal differentiation markers involucrin, keratin 10, and filaggrin during tissue reconstruction. In contrast, when keratinocytes were incubated with 4MU, cell proliferation was decreased. In an attempt to rescue the proliferation function, HA samples of various mean molecular masses were added to keratinocyte cultures treated with 4MU. These samples were unable to rescue the initial proliferation rate. Furthermore, treatments with HA-specific hyaluronidase, although removing almost all HA from keratinocyte cultures, did not alter the differentiation or proliferation processes. The differences between 4MU and hyaluronidase effects did not result from differences in intracellular HA, sulfated glycosaminoglycan concentration, apoptosis, or levels of HA receptors, all of which remained unchanged. Similarly, knockdown of UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) using lentiviral shRNA effectively decreased HA production but did not affect proliferation rate. Overall, these data suggest that HA levels in the human epidermis are not directly correlated with keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation and that incubation of cells with 4MU cannot equate with HA removal.


Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Ácido Hialurônico/fisiologia , Queratinócitos/fisiologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Células Cultivadas , Células Epidérmicas , Proteínas Filagrinas , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuronatos/genética , Receptores de Hialuronatos/metabolismo , Ácido Hialurônico/química , Hialuronoglucosaminidase/química , Hialuronoglucosaminidase/farmacologia , Peso Molecular
2.
J Am Acad Dermatol ; 74(6): 1166-72, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26947449

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Serologic diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) relies on the detection of circulating autoantibodies to type VII collagen (C7). OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the diagnostic performances of a commercialized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using C7 noncollagenous (NC) domains (C7-NC1/NC2 ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) biochip test on NC1-C7-expressing transfected cells (IIFT), with a full-length-C7 ELISA developed in our laboratory. METHODS: C7-NC1/NC2 ELISA, IIFT, and full-length-C7 ELISA were run on 77 nonselected consecutive EBA sera. RESULTS: C7-NC1/NC2 ELISA, IIFT, and full-length-C7 ELISA were positive, respectively, for: 30%, 27%, and 65% of the 77 sera; 43%, 32%, and 80% of 44 sera labeling the salt-split-skin (SSS) floor (F) by IIF (SSS/F(+)); 9%, 22%, and 47% of 32 SSS/F(-) sera; 28%, 28%, and 58% of classic EBA; 41%, 41%, and 82% of inflammatory EBA; and 18%, 0%, and 55% of mucous-membrane-predominant EBA. Significant differences for all sera were found between: the 2 ELISAs for the 77 sera, SSS/F(+) and SSS/F(-) sera, and IIFT versus full-length-C7 ELISA. LIMITATIONS: The retrospective design was a limitation. CONCLUSION: C7-NC1/NC2 ELISA and IIFT sensitivities for serologic diagnoses of EBA were low. Full-length-C7 ELISA was significantly more sensitive and could serve as a reference test.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Colágeno Tipo VII/imunologia , Epidermólise Bolhosa Adquirida/sangue , Epidermólise Bolhosa Adquirida/diagnóstico , Testes Sorológicos/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Área Sob a Curva , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Serial de Proteínas , Curva ROC , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
3.
Biol Chem ; 396(11): 1163-79, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26020560

RESUMO

The main function of the epidermis is to establish a vital multifunctional barrier between the body and its external environment. A defective epidermal barrier is one of the key features of atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disorder that affects up to 20% of children and 2-3% of adults and often precedes the development of allergic rhinitis and asthma. This review summarizes recent discoveries on the origin of the skin barrier alterations in AD at the structural protein level, including hereditary and acquired components. The consequences of the epidermal barrier alteration on our current understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, and its possible implications on the treatment of patients, are discussed here.


Assuntos
Córnea/metabolismo , Dermatite Atópica/metabolismo , Epiderme/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Animais , Córnea/patologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Epiderme/patologia , Humanos
4.
J Biol Chem ; 286(26): 23222-33, 2011 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21531719

RESUMO

Filaggrin-2 (FLG2), a member of the S100-fused type protein family, shares numerous features with filaggrin (FLG), a key protein implicated in the epidermal barrier functions. Both display a related structural organization, an identical pattern of expression and localization in human epidermis, and proteolytic processing of a large precursor. Here, we tested whether FLG2 was a substrate of calpain 1, a calcium-dependent protease directly involved in FLG catabolism. In addition, deimination being critical for FLG degradation, we analyzed whether FLG2 deimination interfered with its proteolytic processing. With this aim, we first produced a recombinant form of FLG2 corresponding to subunits B7 to B10 fused to a COOH-terminal His tag. Incubation with calpain 1 in the presence of calcium induced a rapid degradation of the recombinant protein and the production of several peptides, as shown by Coomassie Blue-stained gels and Western blotting with anti-FLG2 or anti-His antibodies. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry confirmed this result and further evidenced the production of non-immunoreactive smaller peptides. The degradation was not observed when a calpain 1-specific inhibitor was added. The calpain cleavage sites identified by Edman degradation were regularly present in the B-type repeats of FLG2. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of normal human skin revealed colocalization of FLG2 and calpain 1 in the upper epidermis. Finally, the FLG2 deiminated by human peptidylarginine deiminases was shown to be more susceptible to calpain 1 than the unmodified protein. Altogether, these data demonstrate that calpain 1 is essential for the proteolytic processing of FLG2 and that deimination accelerates this process.


Assuntos
Cálcio/metabolismo , Calpaína/metabolismo , Epiderme/metabolismo , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/metabolismo , Animais , Cálcio/química , Calpaína/química , Calpaína/genética , Epiderme/química , Proteínas Filagrinas , Humanos , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/química , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo
6.
Mol Ther ; 18(8): 1509-18, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20485266

RESUMO

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in COL7A1 encoding type VII collagen which forms key structures (anchoring fibrils) for dermal-epidermal adherence. Patients suffer since birth from skin blistering, and develop severe local and systemic complications resulting in poor prognosis. We lack a specific treatment for RDEB, but ex vivo gene transfer to epidermal stem cells shows a therapeutic potential. To minimize the risk of oncogenic events, we have developed new minimal self-inactivating (SIN) retroviral vectors in which the COL7A1 complementary DNA (cDNA) is under the control of the human elongation factor 1alpha (EF1alpha) or COL7A1 promoters. We show efficient ex vivo genetic correction of primary RDEB keratinocytes and fibroblasts without antibiotic selection, and use either of these genetically corrected cells to generate human skin equivalents (SEs) which were grafted onto immunodeficient mice. We achieved long-term expression of recombinant type VII collagen with restored dermal-epidermal adherence and anchoring fibril formation, demonstrating in vivo functional correction. In few cases, rearranged proviruses were detected, which were probably generated during the retrotranscription process. Despite this observation which should be taken under consideration for clinical application, this preclinical study paves the way for a therapy based on grafting the most severely affected skin areas of patients with fully autologous SEs genetically corrected using a SIN COL7A1 retroviral vector.


Assuntos
Colágeno Tipo VII/metabolismo , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/terapia , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Retroviridae/genética , Animais , Southern Blotting , Western Blotting , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno Tipo VII/genética , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos SCID , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética
7.
J Histochem Cytochem ; 67(2): 85-97, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30199656

RESUMO

Filaggrin (FLG) and corneodesmosin (CDSN) are two key proteins of the human epidermis. FLG loss-of-function mutations are the strongest genetic risk factors for human atopic dermatitis. Studies of the epidermal distribution of canine FLG and CDSN are limited. Our aim was to better characterize the distribution of FLG and CDSN in canine skin. Using immunohistochemistry on beagle skin, we screened a series of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for human FLG and CDSN. The cross-reactive mAbs were further used using immunoelectron microscopy and Western blotting. The structure of canine CDSN and FLG was determined using publicly available databases. In the epidermis, four anti-FLG mAbs stained keratohyalin granules in the granular keratinocytes and corneocyte matrix of the lower cornified layer. In urea-extracts of dog epidermis, several bands corresponding to proFLG and FLG monomers were detected. One anti-CDSN mAb stained the cytoplasm of granular keratinocytes and cells of both the inner root sheath and medulla of hair follicles. Dog CDSN was located in lamellar bodies, in the extracellular parts of desmosomes and in corneodesmosomes. A protein of 52 kDa was immunodetected. Genomic DNA analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence and structure of canine and human CDSN were highly similar.


Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Cães , Proteínas Filagrinas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Glicoproteínas/química , Glicoproteínas/imunologia , Imunoquímica , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/química , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/imunologia , Transporte Proteico
8.
Hum Mutat ; 29(2): 267-76, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18030675

RESUMO

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene encoding type VII collagen. Variations in severity between the different clinical forms of RDEB likely depend on the nature and location of COL7A1 mutations, but observed intrafamilial phenotypic variations suggest additional genetic and/or environmental factors. Candidate modifier genes include MMP1, encoding matrix metalloproteinase 1, the first gene implicated in RDEB before its primary role in the disease was excluded. Type VII collagen is a substrate of MMP1 and an imbalance between its synthesis and degradation could conceivably worsen the RDEB phenotype. Here, we studied a previously described family with three affected siblings of identical COL7A1 genotype but displaying great sibling-to-sibling variations in disease severity. RDEB severity did not correlate with type VII collagen synthesis levels, but with protein levels at the dermal-epidermal junction, suggesting increased degradation by metalloproteinases. This was supported by the presence of increased transcript and active MMP1 levels in the most severely affected children, who carried a known SNP (1G/2G) in the MMP1 promoter. This SNP creates a functional Ets binding site resulting in transcriptional upregulation. We next studied a French cohort of 31 unrelated RDEB patients harboring at least one in-frame COL7A1 mutation, ranging from mild localized RDEB to the severe Hallopeau-Siemens form. We found a strong genetic association between the 2G variant and the Hallopeau-Siemens disease type (odds ratio: 73.6). This is the first example of a modifier gene in RDEB and has implications for its prognosis and possible new treatments.


Assuntos
Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/enzimologia , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/genética , Genes Recessivos , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Sítios de Ligação , Células Cultivadas , Estudos de Coortes , Colágeno Tipo VII/metabolismo , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/patologia , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patologia , França , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-ets/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , População Branca/genética
9.
J Dermatol Sci ; 91(1): 87-96, 2018 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29691121

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A variety of human skin disorders is characterized by defects in the epidermal barrier, leading to dehydration, itchiness, and rashes. Previously published literature suggests that microtubule stabilization at the cortex of differentiating keratinocytes is necessary for the formation of the epidermal barrier. OBJECTIVES: We tested whether stabilization of microtubules with paclitaxel or epothilone B can repair barrier defects that were experimentally induced in three-dimensional culture models of epidermis. METHODS: We established two models of defective epidermis in vitro, using three-dimensional cultures of primary human keratinocytes on filter supports: immature reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), and RHE that was compromised by treatment with inflammatory cytokines, the latter mimicking defects seen in atopic dermatitis. RESULTS: Both paclitaxel and epothilone B promoted keratinocyte differentiation, accumulation of junctional proteins at the cell cortex, and the early appearance of lamellar bodies in immature RHE, whereas destabilization of microtubules by nocodazole had the reverse effect. Moreover, stabilization of microtubules rescued the barrier after cytokine treatment. The rescued barrier function correlated with the restoration of filaggrin and loricrin protein levels, the cortical accumulation of junctional proteins (E-cadherin, ß-catenin, and claudin-1), and with the secretion of lamellar bodies. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the microtubule network is important for the formation of the epidermis, and that stabilization of microtubules promotes barrier formation. Microtubule stabilization may support regeneration of damaged skin, by restoring or improving the barrier.


Assuntos
Epiderme/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Microtúbulos/efeitos dos fármacos , Moduladores de Tubulina/farmacologia , Perda Insensível de Água/efeitos dos fármacos , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Células Cultivadas , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Células Epidérmicas , Epiderme/patologia , Epotilonas/farmacologia , Epotilonas/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Filagrinas , Humanos , Queratinócitos/citologia , Queratinócitos/patologia , Microtúbulos/patologia , Paclitaxel/farmacologia , Paclitaxel/uso terapêutico , Moduladores de Tubulina/uso terapêutico
10.
J Dermatol Sci ; 86(2): 106-113, 2017 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28242341

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Deimination (also known as citrullination), the conversion of arginine in a protein to citrulline, is catalyzed by a family of enzymes called peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs). Three PADs are expressed in the epidermis, one of their targets being filaggrin. Filaggrin plays a central role in atopic dermatitis and is a key protein for the epidermal barrier. It aggregates keratins and is cross-linked to cornified envelopes. Following its deimination, it is totally degraded to release free amino acids, contributing to the natural moisturizing factor (NMF). The mechanisms controlling this multistep catabolism in human are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To test whether external humidity plays a role, and investigate the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS: Specimens of reconstructed human epidermis (RHEs) produced in humid or dry conditions (>95% or 30-50% relative humidity) were compared. RESULTS: RHEs produced in the dry condition presented structural changes, including a thicker stratum corneum and a larger amount of keratohyalin granules. The transepidermal water loss and the stratum corneum pH were decreased whereas the quantity of NMF was greater. This highly suggested that filaggrin proteolysis was up-regulated. The expression/activity of the proteases involved in filaggrin breakdown did not increase while PAD1 expression and the deimination rate of proteins, including filaggrin, were drastically enhanced. Partial inhibition of PADs with Cl-amidine reversed the effect of dryness on filaggrin breakdown. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate the importance of external humidity in the control of human filaggrin metabolism, and suggest that deimination plays a major role in this regulation.


Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/metabolismo , Epiderme/metabolismo , Umidade , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/química , Queratinas/metabolismo , Adulto , Arginina/química , Diferenciação Celular , Citrulina/química , Clima , Reagentes de Ligações Cruzadas/química , Feminino , Proteínas Filagrinas , Corantes Fluorescentes/química , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Hidrolases/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/citologia , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desiminases de Arginina em Proteínas , Pele/metabolismo , Transglutaminases/metabolismo
11.
Oncogene ; 24(11): 1936-45, 2005 Mar 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15688032

RESUMO

The three related 160-kDa proteins, SRC-1, TIF-2 and RAC-3, were initially identified as factors interacting with nuclear receptors. They have also been reported to potentiate the activity of other transcription factors such as AP-1 or NF-kappaB. The aim of this work was to identify whether SRC-1 interferes with the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway, and if so, to identify its underlying mechanisms of action. Using transient cell transfection experiments performed in human dermal fibroblasts with the Smad3/4-specific (SBE)4-lux reporter construct, as well as the human PAI-1 promoter, we determined that SRC-1 enhances TGF-beta-induced, Smad-mediated, transcription. Likewise, SRC-1 overexpression potentiated TGF-beta-induced upregulation of PAI-1 steady-state mRNA levels. Using a mammalian two-hybrid system, we demonstrated that SRC-1 interacts with the transcriptional co-activators p300/CBP, but not with Smad3. Overexpression of the adenovirus E1A oncoprotein, an inhibitor of CBP/p300 activity, prevented the enhancing effect of SRC-1 on Smad3/4-mediated transcription, indicating that p300/CBP may be required for SRC-1 effect. Such hypothesis was validated, as expression of a mutant form of SRC-1 lacking the CBP/p300-binding site failed to upregulate Smad3/4-dependent transcription, while full-length SRC-1 potentiated p300.Smad3 interactions. These results identify SRC-1 as a novel Smad3/4 transcriptional partner, facilitating the functional link between Smad3 and p300/CBP.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/fisiologia , Proteínas Nucleares/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Transativadores/fisiologia , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/fisiologia , Linhagem Celular , Fibroblastos , Genes Reporter , Histona Acetiltransferases , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Coativador 1 de Receptor Nuclear , Plasmídeos , Pele , Proteínas Smad , Transcrição Gênica , Transfecção
12.
Oncogene ; 22(50): 8212-20, 2003 Nov 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14603262

RESUMO

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and retinoic acid (RA) are important regulators of cell growth and differentiation. The TGF-beta receptors utilize Smad proteins to transduce signals intracellularly and regulate transcription of target genes, either directly or in combination with other sequence-specific transcription factors. Two classes of nuclear receptors, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the retinoic X receptors, are involved in mediating transcriptional responses to RA. Given the known interactions between the TGF-beta and RAR pathways, we have investigated the role played by RAR ligands in modulating functional interactions between Smad3 and RARs. Using transient cell transfection experiments with an artificial Smad3/Smad4-dependent reporter construct, we demonstrate that RAR overexpression enhances Smad-driven transactivation, an effect that requires both Smad3 and Smad4. We provide evidence that RAR effect on Smad3/Smad4-driven transcription is prevented by natural and synthetic RAR agonists, and potentiated by synthetic RAR antagonists. The activity of two TGF-beta-responsive human gene promoter constructs was regulated in a parallel fashion. Using both mammalian two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation/Western methods, we demonstrate a direct interaction between the region DEF of RARgamma and the MH2 domain of Smad3, inhibited by RAR agonists and enhanced by their antagonists. We propose that RARs may function as coactivators of the Smad pathway in the absence of RAR agonists or in the presence of their antagonists, a phenomenon that contrasts with their known role as agonist-activated transcriptional regulators of RA-dependent genes.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Receptores do Ácido Retinoico/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Transativadores/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Animais , Células COS , Humanos , Ligantes , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Receptores do Ácido Retinoico/agonistas , Receptores do Ácido Retinoico/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Smad , Transcrição Gênica
13.
J Invest Dermatol ; 134(12): 2938-2946, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24940654

RESUMO

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by defects in the epidermal barrier and keratinocyte differentiation. The expression of filaggrin, a protein thought to have a major role in the function of the epidermis, is downregulated. However, the impact of this deficiency on keratinocytes is not really known. This was investigated using lentivirus-mediated small-hairpin RNA interference in a three-dimensional reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model, in the absence of other cell types than keratinocytes. Similar to what is known for atopic skin, the experimental filaggrin downregulation resulted in hypogranulosis, a disturbed corneocyte intracellular matrix, reduced amounts of natural moisturizing factor components, increased permeability and UV-B sensitivity of the RHE, and impaired keratinocyte differentiation at the messenger RNA and protein levels. In particular, the amounts of two filaggrin-related proteins and one protease involved in the degradation of filaggrin, bleomycin hydrolase, were lower. In addition, caspase-14 activation was reduced. These results demonstrate the importance of filaggrin for the stratum corneum properties/functions. They indicate that filaggrin downregulation in the epidermis of atopic patients, either acquired or innate, may be directly responsible for some of the disease-related alterations in the epidermal differentiation program and epidermal barrier function.


Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Epiderme/patologia , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/deficiência , Queratinócitos/patologia , RNA Interferente Pequeno/farmacologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Caspase 14/metabolismo , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Dermatite Atópica/metabolismo , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Dermatite Atópica/fisiopatologia , Epiderme/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Proteínas Filagrinas , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/genética , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/fisiologia , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tolerância a Radiação/efeitos dos fármacos , Tolerância a Radiação/efeitos da radiação , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/patologia , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Adulto Jovem
14.
J Invest Dermatol ; 131(12): 2386-93, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21833018

RESUMO

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a rare autoimmune bullous disease (AIBD). However, higher EBA incidence and predisposing genetic factor(s) involving an HLA haplotype have been suspected in some populations. This retrospective study assessed the overrepresentation of black patients with EBA, its link with HLA-DRB1*15:03, and their clinical and immunological characteristics. Between 2005 and 2009, 7/13 (54%) EBA and 6/183 (3%) other-AIBD patients seen consecutively in our department were black (P=10(-6)); moreover 7/13 (54%) black patients and 6/183 (3%) white patients had EBA (P=10(-6)). In addition, between 1983 and 2005, 12 black patients had EBA. Finally, among the 19 black EBA patients, most of them had very atypical clinical presentations, 9 were natives of sub-Saharan Africa, 1 from Reunion Island, 7 from the West Indies, and 2 were of mixed ancestry. HLA-DRB1*15:03 allelic frequencies were 50% for African patients, significantly higher than the control population (P<10(-3)), and 21% for the West Indians (nonsignificant). High EBA frequencies have already been reported in American blacks significantly associated with the HLA-DR2. In conclusion, black-skinned patients developing EBA seem to have a genetic predisposition, and EBA should be suspected systematically for every AIBD seen in this population.


Assuntos
População Negra/genética , Epidermólise Bolhosa Adquirida/genética , Frequência do Gene , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epidermólise Bolhosa Adquirida/epidemiologia , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , População Branca/genética , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
15.
Dermatol Clin ; 28(2): 361-6, xii, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20447504

RESUMO

Among the severe genetic disorders of the skin that are suitable for gene and cell therapy, most efforts have been made in the treatment of blistering diseases including dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. This condition can be recessively or dominantly inherited, depending on the nature and position of the mutation or mutations in the gene encoding type VII collagen. At present, there is no specific treatment for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, and gene and cell therapy approaches hold great promise. This article discusses the different gene therapy approaches that have been used for the treatment of this disease and the new perspectives that they open.


Assuntos
Colágeno Tipo VII/genética , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/genética , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/terapia , Terapia Genética/métodos , Terapia Genética/tendências , Humanos
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