[Minilaparotomy cholecystectomy in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis].

It was done the analysis of surgical treatment results of 383 patients with the exacerbation of chronic calculous cholecystitis and acute obstructive calculous cholecystitis. All patients were operated from traditional and minilaparotomy approaches. Positive results were obtained in 93.2% of patients operated from minilaparotomy approach with a low rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Minilaparotomy cholecystectomy can be considered as a reliable mini invasive method of surgical treatment of patients with cholelithiasis, including purulent destructive forms of cholecystitis.

[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in case of acute cholecystitis].

The article describes the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with acute cholecystitis. 97 patients including 13 men and 84 women aged from 20 to 74 years were included in the study. There was not the conversion to laparotomy and intraoperative complications in all cases. 83 patients, which amounted to 85.7% of the patients, were discharged on the next day after operation. The last 14 patients had the variation of postoperative hospitalization period from 2 to 4 days. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective procedure in patients with acute cholecystitis.

[Results of surgical treatment of cholelithiasis by laparotomic and minimally invasive accesses].

The article presents the results of surgical treatment of 1038 patients with cholelithiasis, acute and chronic calculous cholecystitis and complicated forms of the disease. Operations were performed with traditional laparotomic and minimally invasive approaches. Indications for choosing access, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various options of surgery in patients with cholelithiasis are discussed.

[The quality of life after cholecystectomy].

The quality of life (QOL) of three groups of patients who had undergone the routine cholecystectomy (RCE), laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE), or cholecystectomy using the minilaparatomy approach (MCE). QOL was assessed using the standard SF-36 questionnaire and on selected criteria. The postoperative complications rate after any version of cholecystectomy did not exceed the average rate in other studies. Patients with a history of LCE and MCE, returned to their normal social and intellectual activity faster; they reported higher perception and judgment on the state of their health and well-being, which in turn suggests the higher quality of life. Patients after RCE reported worse results due to a longer recovery period.

[Results of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients].

The results of 165 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups according their age: the 1st group embrased patients from 60 years and older and the 2nd group included younger patients. The mean operative time was 89.5 min among the patients of the 1st group and 94.8 min among the patients of the 2nd group. For the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively, the overall hospital stay was 13.1±0.6 and 9.4±0.3 days; and the postoperative treatment lasted for 6.7±0.5 and 7.5±0.3 days, respectively. Complications were registered in 1.3 and 2.2% of patients, respectively. Thus, the results and outcomes of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients are comparable with those in younger contingent.

[The minilaparotomy cholecystectomy in patients with calculous cholecystitis].

The article presents the results of surgical treatment of 596 patients with cholelithiasis, operated with minilaparotomy access. Good results were obtained in 93% of patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis, as well as acute inflammation. This access is provided a low number of intraoperative and postoperative complications. In addition, the minimal access allows to extend, if necessary, the intervention and control the complications.

[Long-term quality of life of patients with postoperative ventral hernia].

125 patients with postoperative ventral hernia were included in the study. First group included patients who were operated on with the use of polypropylene mesh, second group of patients were operated on, using non-mesh techniques. Quality of life was assessed with the use of standard SF-36 questionnarie. The obtained data demonstrated inexpediency of mesh implantation in small hernias, so far the quality of life tended to be the same in both groups, but complication rate was higher in patients of the first group. Mesh implantation was reasonable in treatment of medium and large ventral hernias.

[Lung volume reduction surgery in patients with diffuse emphysema: indications and the extent of resection].

11-13% of people suffer from the expressed obstruction of respiratory ways. For last 20 years death rate from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been doubling each 5 years. Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) was performed in 27 patients with advanced diffuse emphysema from 2000 to 2008. Lateral thoracotomy was applied in all cases. At follow up FEV1 has increased, as well as physical activity and general psychological background. Thus, the LVRS is an expedient and safe method in complex treatment of patients with severe diffuse emphysema. Satisfactory long-term results of LVRS depend on the preoperative grade of COPD patients.

[The ways of improving the results of curing the patients with postoperative hernias of abdominal wall].

Authors have analyzed the results of curing of 90 patients with postoperative hernias of abdominal wall. All patients were operated by applying polypropylene mesh for hernioplasty and draining postoperative wound by Redon method. All patients were separated in two groups. In 1st group (30 patients) wound-draining was with the help of draining system UnoVac. In 2nd group (60 patients) wound-draining was by applying the ordinary vacuum draining system. In 1st group postoperative wound complications were in 2 cases (6,7%), in 2nd in 16 (26,7%).

[Treatment of thorax wounds].

Results of surgical treatment of 154 patients with thorax injuries are analyzed. Most of the patients (93 ps, 60.4%) had penetrating wounds. X-ray examination remains the open most method of diagnosis. The pleural cavity drainage with prolonged aspiration was the main treatment method for the patients with closed thoracic trauma and open trauma without organs injury. Lethality was 7.8% among all the patients and 12.9% among ones with thoracic penetrating wounds. There were no postoperative lethal outcomes. The rate of postoperative complications was 22.7%. Videothoracoscopy and video-assisted mini-thoracotomy are effective methods for diagnosis and treatment, reduce the rate of postoperative complications and lethal outcomes, limit the indications to wide thoracotomy.