Effects of CuDIPS and tween 80 on SJL/J tumorigenesis.

Plasma copper and zinc levels were measured in SJL/J mice, an inbred strain characterized by a high, spontaneous incidence of reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS). The changes with age in mean concentrations of these metals were consistent with a physiological response that is required for remission of neoplasia. Treatment of SJL/J mice with a copper complex, Cu(II)(3,4-diisopropylsalicylate)2 (Cu 3,5-DIPS), dissolved in a 10% Tween 80-saline solution revealed a decrease in survival and decline in the incidence of RCS at 52 wk of age. The toxic effects of Cu 3,5-DIPS therapy appeared to be related to the intraperitoneal route of administration and to extracellular deposition of collagen. The inhibitory effect on tumor development was not related to Cu 3,5-DIPS. Rather, Tween 80 was found to be the factor of importance.

Nertherton's syndrome.

A case of Netherton's syndrome is reported herein and twenty-four previous cases reviewed and tabulated with respect to age, sex, family history, intelligence, consanguinity, aminoaciduria, atopy, recurrent infections, and IgG. This syndrome is characterized by the presence of trichorrhexis invaginata, a distinctive hair shaft abnormality, and either ichtyosis linearis circumflexa or congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Recent investigations have shed light upon the pathogenesis of this disease but the precise structural, biochemical, and genetic abnormalities have not been elucidated.

Ozone air quality over North America: part I--a review of reported trends.

Ozone and precursor trends can be used to measure the effectiveness of regulatory programs that have been implemented. In this paper, we review trends in the concentrations of O3 NOx, and HCs over North America that have been reported in the literature. Although most existing trend studies are confounded by meteorological variability, both the raw data trends and the trends adjusted for meteorology collectively indicate a general decreasing trend in O3 concentrations in most areas of the United States during 1985-1996. In Canada, mean daily maximum 1-hr O3 concentrations at urban sites show mixed trends with a majority of sites showing an increase from 1980 to 1993. Mean daily maximum 1-hr O3 at most regionally representative Canadian sites appears to decrease from 1985 to 1993 or shows no significant change. There are far fewer data and analyses of NOx and HC trends. Available studies covering various ranges of years indicate decreases in ambient NO and HC concentrations in Los Angeles, CA, decreases in HC concentrations in northeastern U.S. cities, and decreases in NOx concentrations in Canadian cities. Two key needs are long-term HC and NOx measurements, particularly at rural sites, and a systematic comparison of trend detection techniques on a reference data set.

Ozone air quality over north america: part II--an analysis of trend detection and attribution techniques.

Assessment of regulatory programs aimed at improving ambient O3 air quality is of considerable interest to the scientific community and to policymakers. Trend detection, the identification of statistically significant long-term changes, and attribution, linking change to specific climatological and anthropogenic forcings, are instrumental to this assessment. Detection and attribution are difficult because changes in pollutant concentrations of interest to policymakers may be much smaller than natural variations due to weather and climate. In addition, there are considerable differences in reported trends seemingly based on similar statistical methods and databases. Differences arise from the variety of techniques used to reduce nontrend variation in time series, including mitigating the effects of meteorology and the variety of metrics used to track changes. In this paper, we review the trend assessment techniques being used in the air pollution field and discuss their strengths and limitations in discerning and attributing changes in O3 to emission control policies.

The genetics of human hair growth.

The regulation of human hair growth is one of the most mysterious of biologic events. Genetic factors are responsible for the density, length, color and texture of hair. Heredity disorders can affect either hair alone, hair and other ectodermal structures, or can be pansystemic. This paper considers all heredity disorders which affect human hair growth. These disorders are divided into three categories: 1) the dysmorphic syndromes; 2) the modifier gene abnormalities and 3) the single major gene abnormalities. The disorders in these categories are listed, along with the mode of inheritance, cause, hair phenotype and the extent of involvement. The utilitarian function of the study of human hair growth is illustrated. Insight into problems of differentiation can be most rapidly expanded using this approach.