RESUMO
Essential oils stand out among natural products for their complex composition, frequently described in the literature with a range of biological effects. This study evaluated the cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Lippia microphylla (EO-LM) Cham. (Verbenaceae). The melanoma cell line SK-MEL-28 was the most sensitive to the EO-LM, presenting an IC50 of 33.38±1.16â µg/mL. Afterward, the effects of EO-LM on the cell cycle, induction of apoptosis, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated. We stated a significant increase in the sub-G1 population, indicating apoptosis, later confirmed by an increase of SK-MEL-28â cells labeled with Annexin V-FITC and by the formation of apoptotic bodies and membrane blebs, observed by confocal microscopy. Additionally, EO-LM reduced the production of ROS, indicating antioxidant activity. Therefore, EO-LM exhibits anti-melanoma activity inâ vitro, suggesting its potential as an anticancer agent.
Assuntos
Lippia , Óleos Voláteis , Verbenaceae , Humanos , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Lippia/metabolismo , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
Gingerol - [6]-gingerol ((S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone; [6]-G) - is a phenolic compound with several pharmacological properties. Herein, the aim of the study was to evaluate the toxicogenic effects of [6]-G on Artemia salina nauplii, Allium cepa, HL-60 cell line and Sarcoma 180 (S-180) ascitic fluid cells.For toxic and genotoxic analysis, it was used [6]-G concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 µg mL-1. For cytotoxic evaluation using the MTT test (3- [4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl] -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), serial [6]-G dilutions (1.56-100 µg mL-1) were performed, and S-180, HL-60 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were treated for 72 h. The IC50 of [6]-G were 1.14, 5.73 and 11.18 µg mL-1 for HL-60, S-180 and PBMC, respectively, indicating a possible selectivity against tumor cell lines. At higher concentrations (>10 µg mL-1), toxicity and genotoxicity were observed in the A. cepa test, especially at 40 µg mL-1. Mechanisms indicating apoptosis, such as toxicity, cytotoxicity and nuclear abnormalities (bridges, fragments, delays, loose chromosomes and micronuclei) suggest that [6]-G has potential for antitumor pharmaceutical formulations.