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1.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process ; 1(4): 364-73, 1975 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-45811

RESUMO

Three experiments are reported in which rats first received 50 escapable or inescapable signaled-shock trials. Experiment 1 (n = 22) employed an acquired-drive paradigm and found inescapable shock subjects learned a hurdle-jump response to escape the signal less rapidly than did escapable-shock subjects. Experiment 2 (n = 24) employed a conditioned emotional response paradigm and found inescapable-shock subjects suppressed more when the signal was introduced in the appetitive bar-pressing task. Both experiments measured spontaneous activity immediately following conditioning and found no group differences. Experiment 3 (n = 39) employed the same activity task and found no difference between escapable- and inescapable-shock groups when the signal was introduced into the activity task. Both groups displayed less activity than a nonshock control group during the signal. The results suggest that lack of control over the shock in the conditioning phase did not result in an increase of conditioned fear. The results are discussed in terms of a learned active-inactive predisposition to respond.


Assuntos
Aprendizagem da Esquiva , Condicionamento Clássico , Condicionamento Operante , Medo , Animais , Eletrochoque , Generalização Psicológica , Masculino , Atividade Motora , Ratos
2.
J Appl Behav Anal ; 20(2): 193-9, 1987.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3610899

RESUMO

The patient scheduling system in a pediatric outpatient clinic was changed from time-based to problem-based in an A-B-A-B reversal design. During baseline, time-based scheduling was in effect with patients being scheduled in 15-min periods regardless of presenting problem. During intervention, a receptionist matched client problems with time slots so that a more extensive treatment was allocated more time. Problem-based scheduling resulted in a substantial decrease in mean number of minutes spent in clinic across all presenting problems. Waiting time increased to baseline levels when problem-based scheduling was removed and decreased again on reintroduction of the program. A follow-up check conducted 1 month after the end of the second intervention phase revealed that the effects were maintained. The problem-based schedule also resulted in an increase in the proportion of extra time that medical staff had available and produced a positive consumer response.


Assuntos
Agendamento de Consultas , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Assistência Ambulatorial , Criança , Humanos , Fatores de Tempo
3.
J Appl Behav Anal ; 24(4): 705-11, 1991.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1797773

RESUMO

A performance feedback procedure was used to increase glove wearing by nurses in a hospital emergency room in situations in which contact with body fluids was highly likely. Infection-control nurses provided biweekly performance feedback to staff nurses on an individual private basis to inform them of the percentage of contact opportunities in which they wore gloves. Observations made prior to (baseline) and during feedback in a multiple baseline design across 4 subjects indicated that substantial increases in glove wearing in target situations occurred after implementation of the feedback program and that increases occurred across most of the specific situations in which glove wearing was advised. Percentage increases in glove wearing ranged from 22% to 49% across subjects. The results are discussed in terms of prevention of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) by use of universal precautions.


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/prevenção & controle , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Terapia Comportamental/métodos , Comportamento Cooperativo , Luvas Cirúrgicas , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/transmissão , Adulto , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Hospitais Rurais , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
5.
J Appl Behav Anal ; 24(3): 441-4, 1991.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16795756
6.
J Appl Behav Anal ; 25(3): 545-50, 1992.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16795784
8.
Behav Anal ; 13(2): 173-5, 1990.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22478065
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