RESUMO
Alkylglycerols (AKGs), isolated or present in shark liver oil have anti-inflammatory properties. Complement 3 (C3) and 4 (C4) participate in lipid metabolism and in obesity, contributing to the metabolic syndrome and to the low-grade inflammation associated with obesity. In a randomized, controlled, crossover study, 26 non-diabetes obese individuals were assigned two preparations with low (LAC, 10 mg AKGs) and high (HAC, 20 mg AKGs) AKG content. Intervention periods were of 3 weeks preceded by 2-week washout periods in which shark liver oil was avoided. Cholesterol, C3, C4, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) decreased in a linear trend (P < 0.01) from baseline (control) to LAC and HAC. Values after HAC were significantly lower (P < 0.05) versus both baseline and after LAC. No adverse effects were observed or reported. Data from this pilot study open a promising field for the study of the beneficial effects of AKGs on cardiovascular risk factors in obese individuals.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Óleos de Peixe/administração & dosagem , Glicerol/administração & dosagem , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/sangue , Adulto , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos Cross-Over , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe/isolamento & purificação , Glicerol/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Projetos Piloto , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The aim of this study was to improve the stability and antioxidant activity of yarrow phenolic compounds upon an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Therefore, two types of caseins-based delivery systems, sodium caseinate stabilized nanoemulsions (NEs) and glucono delta-lactone acidified milk gels (MGs), were formulated containing an ultrasound-assisted yarrow extract (YE) at two concentrations (1 and 2.5 mg/mL). Formulations with 1 mg/mL of YE were chosen based on their higher encapsulation efficiency to perform the in vitro digestion experiments. After digestion, YE-loaded NEs only partially protected phenolic compounds from degradation; meanwhile the phenolic composition of YE including in MGs after digestion was quite similar to undigested YE. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of MGs after digestion was higher than NEs digested samples, which confirms the higher protection of YE phenolic compound by the milk gels systems. This research demonstrated the potential use of acidified MGs as carriers to improve the stability and antioxidant activity of yarrow phenolic compounds. Therefore, these matrices could be employed to develop new dairy products enriched with phenolic compounds.
Assuntos
Achillea/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Digestão , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Leite/química , Fenóis/metabolismo , Animais , Bebidas/análise , Emulsões , Géis , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Técnicas In Vitro , NanotecnologiaRESUMO
Countercurrent supercritical fractionation of the fatty acid ethyl esters from butteroil has been investigated. The main objective of the present study was to obtain extracts rich in short- and medium-chain fatty acid ethyl esters. To that end, transesterification of the original butteroil was used to transform the triacylglycerols into the corresponding fatty acid ethyl esters. Then, several supercritical fluid extractions were carried out at pressures ranging from 8.9 to 18.6 MPa and at 2 different temperatures (48 and 60 degrees C). The flow ratio of CO2 to butteroil was 15. Composition and yield of short- and medium-chain fatty acid ethyl esters was evaluated at different extraction conditions. Extracts containing approximately 70% short- and medium-chain fatty acid ethyl esters were obtained at 101 bar and 60 degrees C, and can be used as starting material for the production of highly valuable functional lipids.
Assuntos
Manteiga/análise , Cromatografia com Fluido Supercrítico/métodos , Etil-Éteres/química , Óleos/química , Fracionamento Químico , Temperatura Alta , PressãoRESUMO
Achillea millefolium L. is a plant widely used in traditional medicine. Nowadays, there is a growing concern about the study of its bioactive properties in order to develop food and nutraceutical formulations. Supercritical anti-solvent fractionation (SAF) of an A. millefollium extract was carried out to improve its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. A selective precipitation of phenolic compounds was achieved in the precipitation vessel fractions, which presented an antioxidant activity twice than original extract, especially when fractionation was carried out at 10â¯MPa. The main phenolic components identified in this fraction were luteolin-7-O-glucoside, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 6-hidroxyluteolin-7-O-glucoside and apigenin-7-O-glucoside. However, separator fractions presented higher anti-inflammatory activity than precipitation vessel ones, particularly at 15â¯MPa. This fact could be related to separator fractions enrichment in anti-inflammatory compounds, mainly camphor, artemisia ketone and borneol. Therefore, SAF produced a concentration of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds that could be used as high-added valued ingredients.
Assuntos
Achillea/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/análise , Antioxidantes/análise , Extratos Vegetais/química , Solventes , Apigenina/análise , Fracionamento Químico , Flavonas/análise , Ácido Gálico/análise , Glucosídeos/análise , Humanos , Fenóis/análise , Ácido Quínico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Quínico/análise , Células THP-1/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The aging of the population underlines an important challenge for the health system not only from sanitary and economic reasons but also by quality perspectives concerning preventive care, where precision nutrition (PN) and the prescription or advice on healthy habits becomes relevant. PN focuses on provide nutrition adapted to each individual, understanding that the prevention or treatment of chronic disorders (obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc.) must be addressed in a comprehensive way, considering not only relevant personal and clinical information, but also healthy aging and phenotypical and genotypical features. This guide was prepared due to the need to develop precision nutritional models that allow individualized nutritional treatment for each subject and physiopathological particularities with emphasis on the elderly. Therefore, the requirements of the Spanish pre-senior and senior populations, dietary recommendations and precision foods are reviewed in this document: have at least three daily meals, reduce total calories, choose a varied and balanced diet with fresh foods and high nutritional density, add vegetables, legumes and fish, consume dairy products and fiber, prefer white meat instead of red, avoid fried foods, sausages and processed foods, moderate the consumption of salt, coffee and alcohol, and get hydrated.
Assuntos
Doença Crônica/terapia , Política Nutricional , Necessidades Nutricionais , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Humanos , Medicina de PrecisãoRESUMO
The digestion, absorption, uptake and bioavailability of a rosemary supercritical fluid extract encapsulated in oil in water emulsion were studied. Two emulsions with opposite surface charge were prepared, containing 7% canola oil, and either 2% lactoferrin or whey protein isolate. When absorption and uptake of carnosic acid and carnosol were followed on Caco-2 cell monolayers, there were no differences with protein type. However, when co-cultures of HT-29 MTX were employed, the presence of mucus caused a higher retention of carnosic acid in the apical layer for lactoferrin emulsions. The immune activity of the bioavailable fractions collected from cell absorption experiments was tested ex vivo on murine splenocytes. Although transport through the intestinal barrier models was low, the bioavailable fractions showed a significant effect on splenocytes proliferation. These results demonstrated the potential of using rosemary supercritical extract through protein stabilized oil in water emulsions, as a food with immunomodulatory functionality.
Assuntos
Emulsões/química , Emulsões/farmacocinética , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacocinética , Rosmarinus/química , Abietanos , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Células CACO-2 , Feminino , Células HT29 , Humanos , Lactoferrina/química , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB CRESUMO
In the present work, oregano leaves (Origanum vulgare L.) are explored as natural source of nutraceuticals with antioxidant activity. To do this, subcritical water extraction (SWE), a new environmentally friendly technique, is employed as extraction procedure and HPLC coupled to DAD is used for the chemical characterization of the extracts. Moreover, the radical scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the determination of the total phenolic content (measured with the Folin test) are applied to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts. The extraction of antioxidants from oregano leaves by SWE is studied considering different temperatures (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 degrees C) to investigate the selectivity of the process. The highest antioxidant activity is observed for the extract obtained at the highest temperature, 200 degrees C (EC(50) equal to 10 microg/ml). Moreover, the extraction yield was also the highest (54% dry weight) at these extraction conditions. The total phenolic content showed no differences among the different extracts, concluding that the amount of phenolic compounds extracted was similar but the type and structure of the phenolics was different, providing in this way different antioxidant activity. Some compounds could be tentatively identified, proposing some probable chemical structures for some of them, such as flavanones, dihydroflavonols, favonols and flavones.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/análise , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Origanum/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Indicadores e Reagentes , Fenóis/análise , Extratos Vegetais , Folhas de Planta/química , Solventes , Temperatura , ÁguaRESUMO
Oregano leaves were extracted using a pilot-scale supercritical fluid extraction plant under a wide range of extraction conditions, with the goal of determining the extraction and fractionation conditions to obtain extracts with optimal antimicrobial activity. In this investigation, the essential oil-rich fractions were selectively precipitated in the second separator, and their chemical composition and antimicrobial activity were investigated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the various fractions resulted in the identification of 27 compounds of the essential oil. The main components of these fractions were carvacrol, trans-sabinene hydrate, cis-piperitol, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, and linalool. Antimicrobial activity was investigated by the disk diffusion and broth dilution methods against six different microbial species, including two gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), a yeast (Candida albicans), and a fungus (Aspergillus niger). All of the supercritical fluid extraction fractions obtained showed antimicrobial activity against all of the microorganisms tested, although the most active fraction was the one obtained in experiment 5 (fraction was obtained with 7% ethanol at 150 bar and 40 degrees C). C. albicans was the most sensitive microorganism to the oregano extracts, whereas the least susceptible was A. niger. Carvacrol, sabinene hydrate, borneol, and linalool standards also showed antimicrobial activity against all of the microorganisms tested, with carvacrol being the most effective. Consequently, it was confirmed that essential oil from experiment 5, with the best antimicrobial activity, also presented the highest quantity of carvacrol.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/análise , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Conservação de Alimentos/métodos , Origanum/química , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Aspergillus niger/efeitos dos fármacos , Aspergillus niger/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bacillus subtilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacillus subtilis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida albicans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dióxido de Carbono/farmacologia , Fracionamento Químico , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Cimenos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Monoterpenos/análise , Monoterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Monoterpenos/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/análise , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The scientific evidences on the relationship between food and health have given place to a new food market of rapid growth in the last years: the market of the functional food. Though the interest of maintaining or improving the state of health by means of the consumption of traditional food with bioactive ingredients added is undoubtedly high, the Spanish population, increasingly formed and informed, is unwilling to consume functional food, until these possess a scientific rigorous base. This article presents a review of the scientific bases that support the development of functional meat products with balanced ratio omega-6/omega-3 and a combination of synergic antioxidants, among them an extract of rosemary obtained by means of extraction with supercritical CO2.
Assuntos
Tecnologia de Alimentos/normas , Produtos da Carne/normas , Produtos Biológicos/normas , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3 , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-6 , Alimentos Orgânicos/normas , Indústria de Processamento de Alimentos/normas , HumanosRESUMO
The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil-rich fractions obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction from Rosmarinus officinalis L. were investigated. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of these fractions resulted in the identification of 33 compounds of the essential oil. The main components of these fractions were alpha-pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, verbenone, and borneol, constituting ca. 80% of the total oil. The antimicrobial activity was investigated by the disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against six microbial species, including gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), a yeast (Candida albicans), and a fungus (Aspergillus niger). All of the essential oil-rich fractions obtained showed antimicrobial activity against all of the microorganisms tested, with inhibition zones and minimal bactericidal and fungicidal concentration values in the range of 17 to 33 mm and 2.25 to 0.25 mg/ml, respectively. The most active fraction was the one obtained in experiment 4 (4% ethanol as modifier; extraction pressure, 25 MPa; extraction temperature, 60 degrees C). S. aureus was found to be the most sensitive bacteria to the rosemary extracts, whereas the least susceptible was A. niger. alpha-Pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, verbenone, and borneol standards also showed antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms tested, borneol being the most effective followed by camphor and verbenone. In that way, it was confirmed that essential oil from experiment 4, with the best antimicrobial activity, presented the highest quantity of camphor, borneol, and verbenone.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/análise , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Conservação de Alimentos/métodos , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Rosmarinus/química , Leveduras/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Leveduras/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
A two-step supercritical fluid extraction process of rosemary leaves, on a pilot plant scale, is proposed to divide the oleoresin into two fractions with different antioxidant activities and essential oil composition. Rosemary leaves were extracted by using different conditions of pressure and temperature as well as different conditions for fractionation of the extracts. Conditions can be tuned to selectively extract one antioxidant fraction with almost no residual aroma. In the present investigation, the antioxidant fraction was exhaustively studied in terms of antioxidant activity measurements as well as of chemical composition. An LC-MS method was adapted to perform the analysis and identification of the compounds responsible for the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Different extraction and fractionation conditions were studied in order to correlate the process conditions with the antioxidant activities obtained.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plantas Comestíveis/química , Espectrometria de MassasRESUMO
In the present study, a headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been used to fully characterize aroma of truffles of different species. A fiber of medium polarity (for flavors) was used to avoid discrimination towards very non-polar and polar volatile compounds. In a previous work, extraction conditions were optimized by means of an experimental design leading to the following conditions that were used in the present study: extraction temperature, 53 degrees C; extraction time, 13.6 min; and equilibrium time, 5 min. A comparison among different truffles species has been established in terms of qualitative and quantitative differences on volatile composition. By using the optimal extraction conditions and GC-MS it was possible to identify 89 compounds in two different truffle species such as Tuber aestivum and Tuber melanosporum. An attempt has been made in order to be able to determine the influence of different geographical origins on the aroma fraction of such fungi.
Assuntos
Ascomicetos/química , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Odorantes/análiseRESUMO
The quantitative and qualitative evolution of the anthocyanins and volatile compounds of four raspberry cultivars (cvs. Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Zeva, and Rubi) growing in Spain were analyzed raw, just frozen, and during long-term frozen storage at -20 degrees C for a 1 year period. HS-SPME coupled with GC-MS and HPLC techniques were employed to study the evolution of the volatile compounds and the individual anthocyanins, respectively. The volatile aroma composition changes produced by the freezing process and long-term frozen storage were minimal. Only a significant increase in extraction capacity was obtained for alpha-ionone (27%) and for caryophyllene (67%) in Heritage at 12 months of storage. The stability of anthocyanins to freezing and frozen storage depends on the seasonal period of harvest. Heritage and Autumn Bliss (early cultivars) were less affected by processing and long-term frozen storage (1 year), and the total pigment extracted showed the tendency to increase 17 and 5%, respectively. Rubi and Zeva (late cultivars) suffered a decreased trend on the total anthocyanin content of 4% for Rubi and 17.5% for Zeva. Cyanidin 3-glucoside most easily suffered the degradative reactions that take place during processing and the storage period.
Assuntos
Antocianinas/análise , Conservação de Alimentos , Frutas/química , Óleos Voláteis/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cor , Congelamento , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , OdorantesRESUMO
Antioxidants from rosemary were determined by the combined use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) prior to reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) or micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The separation of antioxidants found in the SFE fractions was achieved by using a new MEKC method and a published HPLC procedure, both with diode array detection. The characterization of the different antioxidants was further done by HPLC-mass spectrometry. Advantages and drawbacks of HPLC and MEKC for analyzing the antioxidants found in the different extracts are discussed. From the results it is concluded that HPLC renders higher peak area and is better in its reproducibility than MEKC; both techniques provide similar analysis time reproducibility. The main advantage of MEKC is its much higher separation speed, which is demonstrated to be useful for the quick adjustment of SFE conditions, allowing rosemary fractions of higher antioxidative power to be obtained quickly. Moreover, the possibilities of this approach for following the degradation of antioxidants are discussed.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Cromatografia Capilar Eletrocinética Micelar/métodos , Lamiaceae/química , Espectrometria de MassasRESUMO
Antioxidants from orange juice are isolated by the use of countercurrent supercritical fluid extraction (CC-SFE) and characterized by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and diode-array detection (DAD). A pilot-scale SFE plant equipped with a packed column has been employed for countercurrent extraction and fractionation of raw orange juice with carbon dioxide. Several experiments have been performed in order to study the effect of the countercurrent conditions on the content of antioxidative compounds. In this study, the main variable that has been considered is the solvent-to-feed ratio (S/F) because it plays an essential role in the extraction efficiency. The values tested covered a wide range of sample and solvent (CO(2)) flow rates. In each experimental run, two different extracted fractions and the residual nonextracted juice were obtained and characterized. Different flavonoids have been identified in the fractions obtained after CC-SFE. The possibility of using this process for antioxidant compounds enrichment is discussed.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Bebidas/análise , Citrus/química , Ácido Benzoico/análise , Distribuição Contracorrente , Hesperidina/análiseRESUMO
A procedure for the recovery of aromatic extracts from distilled alcoholic beverages by means of a countercurrent supercritical fluid extraction (CC-SFE) on a pilot plant scale is studied. The beverage is directly in contact with the carbon dioxide current in a packed column, and the extracts are recovered in two different fractionation cells, where the depressurization occurs. The proposed method allows the selective extraction of aromatic components of the brandy flavor, rendering a high-value concentrated extract and a colored residue without brandy aroma. The content in ethanol of the aromatic extract can be modified by tuning the extraction/fractionation conditions, rendering from 15 to 95% recovery. The effect of the main variables, including extraction pressure and quality of extracting CO(2), has been tested.
Assuntos
Bebidas Alcoólicas/análise , Contraimunoeletroforese/métodos , Dióxido de Carbono , Fracionamento Químico , Cor , Odorantes , PressãoRESUMO
Two-step supercritical fluid extraction of rosemary leaves at selected conditions of pressure and temperature is proposed to divide the oleoresin into two fractions with different antioxidant activities and essential oil compositions. Rosemary leaves obtained from different sources have been extracted and evaluated in terms of antioxidant activity and essential oil yield and composition. Also, a new device is proposed to improve the performance of the technique in terms of sample collection after SFE.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/análise , Lamiaceae/química , Magnoliopsida/química , Óleos Voláteis/análise , Dessecação , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Folhas de PlantaRESUMO
A study on volatile compounds from three batches of dry hams from Iberian pigs ('montanera', fed on acorns and pasture; 'recebo', fed on acorns, pasture and a commercial diet; and 'pienso', fed on a commercial diet) has been made. Over 64 compounds were identified in the headspace volatiles from all three batches, including aldehydes, alcohols, short-chain fatty acids, furan derivatives, lactones and other miscellaneous compounds. Significant differences were found between batches at several levels (P<0·0005, P<0·005, P<0·05) for many volatile compounds, mainly between 'montanera' and 'pienso' batches. Overall quantitative differences, but not qualitative ones, were observed between batches.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND & AIM: n-3 fatty acid intake has been associated with inflammatory benefits in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Functionalising meat may be of great interest. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of functional meat containing n-3 and rosemary extract on inflammatory and oxidative status markers in subjects with risk for CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS: A randomised, double-blind, cross-over study was undertaken to compare the effects on the above markers of consuming functional or control meat products. 43 volunteers with at least two lipid profile variables showing risk for CVD were randomly assigned to receive functional meat (FM) or control meat (CM) over 12-weeks with a 4-week wash-out interval before crossover. Functional effects were assessed by examining lipid profile, CRP, PAI-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, fibrinogen (inflammatory markers), and TBARS, FRAP and 8-iso-PGF2 (oxidative status markers). 33 subjects (24 women) aged 50.7±8.8 years completed the study. In FM treatment, PAI-1, fibrinogen and 8-iso-PGF2 decreased significantly after 12 weeks, while FRAP significantly increased. In contrast, in CM treatment, a significant increase was seen in PAI-1, while FRAP significantly declined. Significant differences were also seen between the FM and CM treatments after 12 weeks in terms of the change observed in PAI-1, FRAP and 8-iso-PGF2 values. No significant differences were seen in anthropometric variables nor were adverse effects reported. CONCLUSION: The consumption of FM containing n-3 and rosemary extract improved oxidative and inflammatory status of people with at least two lipid profile variables showing risk for CVD. The inclusion of such functional meat in a balanced diet might be a healthy lifestyle option.
Objetivos: La ingesta de omega-3 se ha asociado con efectos antinflamatorios relacionados con la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Desarrollar productos cárnicos funcionales podría ser de gran interés para la población. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de una carne funcional con omega-3 y extracto de romero sobre marcadores de inflamación y oxidación en personas con riesgo cardiovascular. Pacientes y métodos: Se diseñó un ensayo clínico cruzado y doble-ciego para estudiar el efecto del consumo de un producto cárnico funcional sobre marcadores de inflamación y oxidación. Se incluyeron 43 voluntarios con al menos 2 parámetros del perfil lipídico alterado, indicando riesgo de ECV. Fueron asignados aleatoriamente en 2 grupos que consumieron en cruzado carne funcional (CF) o carne control (CC) durante 12 semanas con un periodo de lavado de 4 semanas entre ellos. Al finalizar el estudio se evaluó: perfil lipídico, marcadores de inflamación (PCR, PAI-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, fibrinógeno) y marcadores de oxidación (TBARS, FRAP, 8-iso-PGF2ï¡). Resultados: Completaron el estudio 33 personas (24 mujeres) con edad media de 50.7±8.8 años. Tras consumir CF durante 12 semanas se observó una disminución significativa del PAI-1, fibrinógeno y 8-iso-PGF2ï¡, mientras que el FRAP incrementó significativamente. Sin embargo, con CC incrementó PAI-1 y disminuyó FRAP significativamente. Además se observaron diferencias significativas entre los cambios producidos tras consumir uno u otro producto de los marcadores PAI-1, FRAP y 8-iso-PGF2ï¡. Al final de cada intervención no se observaron cambios en variables antropométricas ni efectos adversos. Conclusiones: El consumo de CF con omega-3 y extracto de romero mejora el estado inflamatorio y oxidativo de personas con al menos 2 parámetros del perfil lipídico alterado. La inclusión de estas CF en una dieta equilibrada podría ser una opción más para mantener un estilo de vida saludable. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT0199088.
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Ômega-6/uso terapêutico , Alimento Funcional , Ledum/química , Carne , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Culinária , Estudos Cross-Over , Dieta , Método Duplo-Cego , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-6/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The anticarcinogenic activity of synthetic 1-O-octadecyl-2,3-dibutyroilglycerol (D-SCAKG) in tumor-cell line of colonocytes (SW620) was performed. The effect of the previously digested D-SCAKG under in vitro intestinal conditions was compared to the bioactivity of non-digested D-SCAKG. Antiproliferative activity of each individual product from digestion (1-O-octadecyl-2-butyroilglycerol; 1-O-octadecyl glycerol; butyric acid) was also performed. The impact of solubilization of lipid products within micellar structures was also tested. The 1-O-octadecyl glycerol was the most active compound, followed by 1-O-octadecyl-2-butyroilglycerol, D-SCAKG and butyric acid. The 1-O-octadecyl glycerol and butyric acid were the only molecules that showed antiproliferative effect in absence of micelles. Digested D-SCAKG was 4-fold more effective than non-digested D-SCAKG. A synergism between 1-O-octadecyl-2-butyroilglycerol and 1-O-octadecyl glycerol was evidenced. As summary, the synthetic D-SCAKG seems to be an interesting antitumoral lipid against colonocytes, especially after previous intestinal digestion, and mainly due to the synergism of the major products, namely 1-O-octadecyl-2-butyroilglycerol and 1-O-octadecyl glycerol. At the same time, 1-O-octadecyl-2-butyroilglycerol would constitute a stable esterified form of butyric acid for its vehiculization.