Hsa-miR-132 inhibits proliferation of hepatic carcinoma cells by targeting YAP.

MicroRNAs and Yes-associated protein (YAP) play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatic carcinomas. However, the interaction between microRNAs and YAP was seldom elucidated. In this study, we showed that miR-132 could target YAP gene by using dual-luciferase reporter system. Further quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting showed that miR-132 could significantly reduce the expression of YAP at mRNA and protein levels. Results of annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining and transwell assays showed that miR-132 significantly promoted the cell apoptosis and effectively inhibited the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells. These results indicated that miR-132 could inhibit the growth of hepatoma cells by targeting YAP gene and reducing its expression level. Taken together, results from this study would help us to understand the mechanisms for occurrence and development of hepatic carcinoma and provide new targets for diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.

Curative effect of endostar combined with oxaliplatin in the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma and its influence on immune cells.

Curative effect and adverse reactions of oxaliplatin combined with endostar in the interventional treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) were investigated. A total of 101 PHC patients from October 2012 to December 2014 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were retrospectively collected. Fifty patients in combined therapy group were treated with oxaliplatin combined with endostar, while the remaining 51 patients in oxaliplatin group were treated with oxaliplatin alone. The treatment lasted for a total of 4 cycles (20 days as 1 cycle). The ratios of cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3)+, CD4+ and CD8+ were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The objective response rate in combined therapy group was 92.00%, which was significantly higher than that in oxaliplatin group (74.51%). The main adverse reactions showed no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.6 months in combined therapy group and 6.3 months in oxaliplatin group, while the median overall survival (OS) was 12.9 months in combined therapy group and 10.6 months in oxaliplatin group. After treatment, CD4+ and CD3+ levels in the peripheral blood in both groups were obviously lower than those before treatment, but the CD8+ level was obviously higher than that before treatment. At the same time, changes in the ratio of T lymphocyte subsets in combined therapy group were superior to those in oxaliplatin group, displaying statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Oxaliplatin combined with endostar has a good curative effect in the treatment of PHC with mild adverse reactions, which can prolong the survival time of patients, improve the levels of T lymphocyte subsets and increase the immunity of patients, so it is worthy of promotion and application in clinic.

Effect of gastric bypass combined with ileal transportation on type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic progressive disease, which manifests as an endocrine disorder. Among the different methods of surgery available to treat patients with T2DM, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and ileal transposition (IT) are the most commonly performed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of RYGBP combined with IT on rats with T2DM. A total of 8 healthy male rats were used as a control group and 40 GK rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: A diabetes mellitus (DM) group, a sham operative group (SO), a RYGBP group, an IT group and a RYGBP+IT group. The results demonstrated that fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and gastric inhibitory polypeptide levels in all treatment groups were significantly lower than those of the SO and DM groups. Furthermore, levels TC and TG in the RYGBP+IT group were significantly lower than in the RYGBP and IT groups. Levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA and IRS-2 protein in all treatment groups were also significantly lower than those of the SO group; and they were significantly lower in the RYGBP+IT group compared with the RYGBP and IT groups. The expression of phosphorylated Akt in the treatment groups was significantly higher than the SO group and was significantly higher in the RYGBP+IT group compared with the RYGBP and IT groups. These results indicate that RYGBP and IT surgical treatment can induce T2DM remission by mediating the expression of insulin-related factors to reverse insulin resistance. The current study also indicated that the effect of RYGBP combined with IT may be developed as a novel first-line method of treating T2DM.

The clinical significance and biological function of tropomyosin 4 in colon cancer.

Tropomyosin 4 (TPM4) has been found to be dys-regulated, and function as oncogene or anti-oncogene in human cancers. However, there was no report on the clinical significance and biological function of TPM4 in colon cancer. This study was designed to investigate the clinical value and biological function of TPM4 in colon cancer. Thus, we detected the TPM4 expression in colon cancer clinical samples, and conducted the gain-of-function in colon cancer cell lines. In our results, TPM4 mRNA and protein expressions were reduced in colon cancer tissues and cell lines compared with normal colon tissues and colon epithelial cell line, respectively. TPM4 protein low-expression was obviously associated with clinical stage, T classification (invasion depth), N classification (lymph node metastasis), distant metastasis and differentiation. Survival analysis showed low-expression of TPM4 was an unfavorable independent prognostic factor for colon cancer patients. Moreover, the experiments in vitro suggested up-regulated TPM4 expression suppressed colon cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis-associated gene expression including MMP-2, MMP-9 and MT1-MMP, but had no effect on cell proliferation. In conclusion, TPM4 is associated with clinical progression in colon cancer patient and acts as a tumor suppressor in colon cancer cell.

Anti-tumor effect of LTA combined with 5-FU on H22 tumor bearing mice.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and 5-FU on the expression of caspase-3, EGFR, TGF-α proteins of tumor tissue of H22 cancer bearing mice and its anti-tumor mechanism. METHODS: A total of 40 SPF grade Kunming mice were selected to establish H22 liver cancer model, and then the mice were divided into 4 groups at random with ten mice in each group. Group A was given saline lavage treatment, Group B was treated with 5-FU by intraperitoneal injection, Group C was treated with LTA by lump body injection; Group D was treated with LTA by lump body injection and 5-FU by intraperitoneal injection. Two weeks after the treatment, the mice in each group were executed and the tumor tissue was stripping and weighted, and the tumor growth inhibition ratio was calculated. Then the tumor tissue was processed for conventional embedding, sectioned to observe the expression of caspase-3, EGFR, TGF-α by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS: The tumor inhibitory rate o f Group D was significantly higher than Groups B and C (P < 0.05); B, the tumor inhibitory rate o f Group B had no statistical difference compared with Group C (P > 0.05). The IDO values of TGF-α, EGFR proteins in Groups B, C, D mice tumor tissue were significantly lower than that in group A (P < 0.05); while IDO value of caspase-3 in Groups B, C, D group mice tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in Group A (P < 0.05). The IDO value of TGF-α, EGFR in Group D mice tumor tissue were significantly lower than that in Groups B and C; While IDO value of aspase-3 in Group D was significantly higher than that in Groups B and C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LTA combined with 5-FU can effectively inhibit the tumorigenesis of H22 tumor bearing mice, increase the caspase-3 protein expression, inhibit TGF-α and EGFR protein expression, further promote tumor cell apoptosis and play a synergistic antitumor effect.