RESUMO
Cryptococcus neoformans is a common fungus found throughout the environment that causes opportunistic disease in immunocompromised individuals. Infection of humans with C neoformans usually manifests as lung disease through inhalation of spores or meningoencephalitis by involvement of the central nervous system. Rarely, dissemination in the form of cutaneous lesions can occur in individuals with long term immunosuppression. We present a patient with C. neoformans manifesting as cellulitis with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis treated with corticosteroids. Because of the mortality associated with disseminated cryptococcosis, early identification, especially of atypical cutaneous presentations is critical from a dermatological perspective.
Assuntos
Celulite (Flegmão)/etiologia , Criptococose/etiologia , Fungemia/etiologia , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/tratamento farmacológico , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Dermatoses da Perna/etiologia , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Celulite (Flegmão)/tratamento farmacológico , Celulite (Flegmão)/imunologia , Criptococose/tratamento farmacológico , Criptococose/imunologia , Cryptococcus neoformans , Ciclosporina/efeitos adversos , Fluconazol/uso terapêutico , Flucitosina/uso terapêutico , Fungemia/diagnóstico , Fungemia/tratamento farmacológico , Fungemia/imunologia , Humanos , Dermatoses da Perna/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatoses da Perna/imunologia , Dermatoses da Perna/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/efeitos adversos , Pele/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The presence of oxygen is necessary for normal wound healing. Oxygen has been given as a therapeutic modality to assist and speed wound healing. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to summarize the role of oxygen in wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review of clinical and basic science studies regarding oxygen and wound healing was conducted. RESULTS: Hypoxia appears to jump start wound healing via hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and reepithelialization. Nonetheless, oxygen is often required to start or sustain other wound healing processes. CONCLUSION: Both the absence and the presence of oxygen have effects on wound healing; however, its role is not completely understood. Although hyperbaric oxygen and topical oxygen therapy have been described in aiding wound healing, case-controlled prospective studies are lacking and evidence for their efficacy is inconsistent. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.