[Impact of chemical surface treatment of samples made of domestic zirconium dioxide on adhesive strength]. / Vliyanie khimicheskikh metodov podgotovki poverkhnosti obraztsov iz otechestvennogo dioksida tsirkoniya na pokazateli adgezionnoi prochnosti.

Ceramic based on zirconium dioxide (ZD) is a modern, durable material for the manufacture of dentures. It is known that ZD is not etched as glass-ceramic, making it difficult to prepare this material before fixing. OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of various methods of surface treatment of ZD-based ceramic on adhesive strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sandblasting with Al2O3 particles sized 50 µm and application of primers with 10-MDP phosphate monomer were used. Adhesive strength values for following 4 groups of samples were obtained: 1st group - RelyX U200 + sandblasting + Compofix new primer (n=9); 2nd group - Compofix + sandblasting + Compofix new primer (n=9); 3rd group - Panavia F 2.0 + sandblasting (n=9); 4th group (control) - Variolink Esthetic DC + sandblasting + Monobond Plus primer (n=9). RESULTS: The highest strength of adhesion was in the 4th group - 48.71±5.71MPa, the smallest in the 3rd group - 9.49±35.24 MPa. Fully domestic components used in the 2nd group allowed to obtain values of 42.50±9.79 MPa. Adhesive strength in the 1st group was 34.11±4.78 MPa. CONCLUSION: The absence of the 10-MDP-based primers application in the preparation of ZD ceramic reduces the adhesive strength between resin cement and its surface. The domestic set for fixation of dentures can be effectively used for ZD on the same basis as European analogue.

Search for Dark Photons with Superconducting Radio Frequency Cavities.

We conduct the first "light-shining-through-wall" (LSW) search for dark photons using two state-of-the-art high-quality-factor superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities -Dark SRF-and report the results of its pathfinder run. Our new experimental setup enables improvements in sensitivity over previous searches and covers new dark photon parameter space. We design delicate calibration and measurement protocols to utilize the high-Q setup at Dark SRF. Using cavities operating at 1.3 GHz, we establish a new exclusion limit for kinetic mixing as small as ε=1.6×10^{-9} and provide the world's best constraints on dark photons in the 2.1×10^{-7}-5.7×10^{-6} eV mass range. Our result is the first proof of concept for the enabling role of SRF cavities in LSW setups, with ample opportunities for further improvements. In addition, our data set a competitive lab-based limit on the standard model photon mass by searching for longitudinal photon polarization.

Indicators of chemiluminescent and bioluminescent tests of biological liquids in the assessment of physical health.

The study includes anthropometry of 172 young male, obtained data on the length and body mass, measured the transverse diameters of the shoulders and pelvis, various body types was identified by the J.M. Tanner sexual dimorphism index (andromorphic, mesomorphic, gynecomorphic). The chemiluminescent and bioluminescent study of saliva and blood was conducted in the examined young male. We studied the indicators of the antioxidant defense system under the influence of stress. The antioxidant status of saliva was determined using the H2O2-luminol-dependent chemiluminescence method. Data on the activity of NAD (P) -dependent dehydrogenases in blood lymphocytes was obtained from a bioluminescent method of research. Young male of andromorphic body type had large overall and transverse body sizes. Indicators of antioxidant protection of saliva and blood in men of adolescence, the body type of the sexual dimorphism index J.M. Tanner was different. The persons of the andromorphic body type differed in terms of chemiluminescence in comparison with the young male of gynecomorphic body type. The results of bioluminescent blood tests suggest a violation of the catabolic and anabolic processes of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in young men of mesomorphic and gynecomorphic body types. Indicators of the system of antioxidant protection of saliva and blood reflect the sexual characteristics of the body of young male and can be used as additional criteria for diagnosing sex inversion and assessing the risk of developing socially attributed diseases.

Field-Enhanced Superconductivity in High-Frequency Niobium Accelerating Cavities.

The discovery of nitrogen-doping treatment revealed that the radio frequency surface resistance of niobium resonators may be significantly reduced when nitrogen impurities are dissolved as interstitials in the material. A peculiar behavior exhibited by N-doped cavities is the anti-Q slope, i.e., a reduction in the temperature-dependent component of the surface resistance as a function of the accelerating field. This unusual trend in the surface resistance behavior has been attributed to the presence of interstitial nitrogen in the niobium lattice after the doping treatment. This Letter presents a focused study on the field dependence of the temperature-dependent component of the surface resistance as a function of the cavity resonant frequency. The findings show that the anti-Q slope may appear even in clean niobium cavities if the resonant frequency is high enough, which suggests new routes toward understanding the anti-Q slope effect.

Calcium as a Modulator of the Adenylyl Cyclase Activity of Potato Cells in Bacterial Pathogenesis.

This is the first study to detect the effect of calcium ions on the activity of transmembrane adenylyl cyclase (tmAC), the key enzyme of the adenylyl cyclase signaling system, under normal conditions and after a short-term exposure to exopolysaccharides (EPS) of the bacterial ring rot pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Cms). After the treatment of the roots of plants with the Cms EPS, the response to Ca2+ changed: the activity of the tmAC of plants of the resistant cultivar significantly increased, whereas in the cells of the susceptible cultivar it remained unchanged.

Understanding Quality Factor Degradation in Superconducting Niobium Cavities at Low Microwave Field Amplitudes.

In niobium superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities for particle acceleration, a decrease of the quality factor at lower fields-a so-called low field Q slope or LFQS-has been a long-standing unexplained effect. By extending the high Q measurement techniques to ultralow fields, we discover two previously unknown features of the effect: (i) saturation at rf fields lower than E_{acc}∼0.1 MV/m; (ii) strong degradation enhancement by growing thicker niobium pentoxide. Our findings suggest that the LFQS may be caused by the two level systems in the natural niobium oxide on the inner cavity surface, thereby identifying a new source of residual resistance and providing guidance for potential nonaccelerator low-field applications of SRF cavities.

[The use of the gender dimorphism index of J. Tanner for assessing the physical state of older women].

Assessment of the physical status of older women conducted anthropometry and bioimpendance analysis. Body type determined by the gender dimorphism index of J. Tanner (1951). It was found that in the studied sample representative of gynecomorphic and mesomorphic body types were determined in a high percentage of cases: 46,15 and 49,11 %. Women andromorphic body type were found less frequently - 4,74 %. Women with gynecomorphic body type were smaller mass and transverse dimensions of the body, unlike representatives with andromorphic and gynecomorphic body types. The absolute content of fat and lean body mass tended to increase from gynecomorphic body types representatives to andromorphic. The results of anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance analysis and determined by the gender dimorphism index of J. Tanner provide results about adaptive possibilities the human body and can serve as markers (predictors) of somatic diseases.

[Effect of N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine on activity of adenylate cyclase signal system components and virulence of bacterial phytopathogens and mutualists].

The effect of N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, negative allelochemical isolated from the exudates of roots of pea (Pisum sativum L.), on the growth and activity of the adenylate cyclase signal system and virulence factors of the bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae and Pseudomonas siringae pv. pisi was studied. It was demonstrated that N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine at a physiological concentration nonspecifically inhibited the growth of these bacteria in both planktonic cultures and biofilms. One of the reasons for this phenomenon is the reduction of intra- and extracellular concentrations of cAMP due to greater activation of phosphodiesterase, which disrupts cAMP, in comparison to soluble adenylyl cyclase, which synthesizes it. At the same time, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine did not affect activity of either membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase or bacterial virulence factors.

[IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF UBIQUITIN PROTEIN IN PERITUMORAL TISSUE OF PATIENTS WITH TESTICULAR GERM CELL TUMORS].

For the purpose of definition of features immunohistochemical expression of protein Ubiquitin in peritumoral testicular tissue, which can be characterised as precancerous changes, the 40 patients with testicular germ cell tumors are investigated. In peritumoral testicular tissue in patients with disturbance of spermatogenesis. which make 95 %, it is taped: intensifying in seminiferous tubules of ubiquitination processes, testifying about intensive proteolysis of considerable quantity of the damaged intracellular proteins, occurrence of atypical germ cells (TIN), which differ from normal spermatogenesis cells authentically lower of nuclear and cytoplasmatic expression of protein Ubiquitin, and also disturbance of ubiquitination processes in Leydig cells in the form of intensifying of cytoplasmatic expression and total disappearance of nuclear expression of protein Ubiquitin. The received results testify to the important role of structural and functional disturbances of ubiquitin-proteolysis system components at the initial stages of testicular tissue carcinogenesis.

[Picocyanobacteria in eutrophic reservoirs of the Middle Volga: abundance, production, viral infection].

During the summer season of 2010, abundance and productivity of picocyanobacteria in Gorky and Cheboksary Reservoirs have being examined. It is found out that in the eutrophic reservoirs of the Middle Volga abundance and biomass of picocyanobacteria, averaged over the water column, varied within the range of (34-322) x 10(3) cells/ml and 38-455 mg/m3 respectively. In more productive Cheboksary Reservoir, the contribution of picocyanobacteria in total biomass and production of phytoplankton (4.7 ± 0.7 and 8.3 ± 1.3% respectively) was lower than in less productive Gorky Reservoir (10.6 ± 2.1 and 19.2 ± 3.0% respectively). In both reservoirs, high level of picocyanobacteria infection by viruses was detected. The frequency of visible infected cells and virus-induced mortality of picocyanobacteria in Cheboksary Reservoir were substantially higher (3.2 ± 0.4% of total abundance and 21.8 ± 2.9% of daily production) than in Gorky Reservoir (1.7 ± 0.2% of total abundance and 11.0 ± 1.7% of daily production). The results obtained indicate that in eutrophic reservoirs during summer bloom of large cyanobacteria their abundance is regulated to a great extent by viruses.

[Heterotrophic organisms and viruses in the Oka River and Cheboksary Reservoir during the abnormally hot summer of 2010].

In July 2010, abnormally high water temperature (25-29 degrees C), as well as increased biomass and phytoplankton production caused intensive development of heterotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic nanoflagellates. It was found that the abundance, biomass, and production of heterotrophic bacterioplankton, as well as the abundance and biomass of heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and the number of planktonic viruses, which were calculated on average for the reservoir under study, turned out to be higher in the years with lower water temperature (20-23 degrees C). The virus-induced mortality of bacterioplankton in the Oka River and the Cheboksary Reservoir averaged 25.4 +/- 3.4 and 22.4 +/- 2.7% of the daily bacterioplankton production.

[Changes of peritumoral testicular tissue in patients with germ cell tumors].

For the purpose of definition of characteristic morphological changes of testicular tissue which to be surveyed as precancerous, the peritumoral tissue at 40 patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) which has been spent orchiectomy is investigated and the diagnosis according to classification TNM is established. In peritumoral tissue in 95% patients with testicular germ cell tumors disturbance of spermatogenesis, characteristic for the secretory form of male infertility, are taped. Occurrence of atypical germ cells (TIN) in semen tubules, which were defined in 60% of cases, and overexpressed hyperplasia of Leydig cells of interstition, defined in 82.5% of cases--the typical changes of peritumoral testicular tissue which can be characterised as precancerous changes. Patients with the secretory form of male infertility whith atypical germ cells (TIN) in semen tubules and the overexpressed hyperplasia of Leydig cells, make hight risk group of development of testicular cancer and demand a dispensary observation.

Determination of cAMP in plant cells by a modified enzyme immunoassay method.

Presently, there is no doubt about the functioning of the adenylate cyclase signaling system in plants, but the role of this system in various physiological-biochemical processes has been investigated insufficiently. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the key component produced by adenylate cyclase, whose concentrations in plant cells vary rather widely, is the indicator of functional activity for this signaling way. In the latter case, in the process of determination of concentrations of this messenger, one encounters difficulties related to insufficient sensitivity of the methods most frequently applied. In this connection, the proposed mechanism is a modification of the method of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA), which is based on immediate measurement of cAMP concentrations in the sample with the use of antibodies. This modification allows us to determine the concentrations of cAMP with the precision of 5 pM, which exceeds the sensitivity of other methods by approximately 10 times. The specificity of the assay has been confirmed by other two independent tests--the capillary electrophoresis and the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). It has also been compared to the data obtained with the use of the commercial kit from Sigma-Aldrich. The modification has been tested on such plant objects as in vitro potato plants, and suspension cells of potato and Arabidopsis.

Thyroid cancer incidence in Ukraine: trends with reference to the Chernobyl accident.

For the first time, a comparative analysis of thyroid cancer incidence in Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident was done in a cohort that is almost as large as the general population. On the basis of thyroid doses from radioactive iodine in individuals aged 1-18 years at the time of accident, geographic regions of Ukraine with low and high average accumulated thyroid doses were established and designated "low-exposure" and "high-exposure" territories, respectively. A significant difference of thyroid cancer incidence rates as a function of time between the two territories was found. That is, the increase in the incidence was higher in high-exposure regions than in low-exposure regions. The incidence rates varied substantially among the different attained age-groups, especially in the youngest one (up to 19 years old). The analysis that was adjusted for screening and technological effects also indicated that in the high-exposure regions, thyroid cancer incidence rates at the age of diagnosis of 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 years were significantly higher in those born in 1982-1986 compared to those born in 1987-1991, while in the low-exposure regions, no significant difference was observed. The observed probable excess of radiation-induced thyroid cancer cases in adults exposed to radioactive iodine from the Chernobyl accident, especially in females, may be due to the high power of the present study. However, it should be noted that our investigation was not essentially free from ecological biases.

[Pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of cardioembolic stroke]. / Patogeneticheskie i terapevticheskie aspekty kardioembolicheskogo insul'ta.

Cardioembolic stroke (CS) is the one of the most severe and requiring dynamic monitoring among the all subtypes of ischemic stroke. Patients with CS require joint treatment with cardiologists. CS is characterized by a greater severity of neurological deficits, a high risk of repeated acute cerebral circulatory disorders and fatal outcomes. This review considers the main causes of CS, the etiopathogenesis of thrombus formation in the heart chambers, current verification criteria and therapeutic aspects of CS, recommendations for the prescription of anticoagulant therapy for primary and secondary preventive treatment.

[Vascular inflammation underlies the development of atherothrombotic stroke]. / Sosudistoe vospalenie v osnove razvitiya aterotromboticheskogo insul'ta.

Atherothrombotic stroke is the one of the most common subtypes of ischemic cerebral circulatory disorders, the cause of which is atherosclerosis of the major arteries of the brain or their branches. The results of recent studies have shown that the atherosclerotic process is based on an inflammatory process in the vascular wall that leads to the initiation of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and the redistribution of various protein components in the blood-brain barrier. As a result, the progression of the described conditions leads to the manifestation of clinical symptoms and the formation of an acute vascular event. Understanding of the molecular components underlying functional disorders and damages of the cerebral vessels gives the key to modern therapy strategies. It is forming the foundation for the adequate, pathogenetically reasonable drug correction. For such patients, it should be aimed at the normalization of cerebral and central hemodynamics and incorporate the mechanisms of neuroplasticity. The drug 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-oxypyridine-succinate (mexidol) can be considered as one of the pathogenetically justified agents in complex drug therapy of brain ischemia.

Моlecular mechanisms of initiation of carcinogenesis in the testis.

In this review, literature data on the study of precancerous changes in testicular tissue and molecular changes, as well as the influence of environmental factors that can initiate carcinogenesis, were analyzed and summarized for the future determination of early diagnosis of germ cell tumors of the testis and the development of preventive measures. The review also discusses the significant new changes presented in the Fourth Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Urogenital Tumors, published in 2016, and modern concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases. Among the environmental factors that can initiate carcinogenesis, the most noteworthy are the biological effects of low doses of ionizing radiation, such as the effect of radiation-induced genome instability, which increases the risk of carcinogenesis, the "bystander effect", and chronic oxidative stress. Disruption of ubiquitin-proteasomal proteolysis, impaired molecular-level components of the blood-testis barrier, and impaired regulatory action of TGF-ß on the cell cycle can play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of male infertility and the initiation of carcinogenesis in the testis. The effect of low doses of ionizing radiation as an additional etiological factor leads to changes in the structural, as well as molecular, components of the testis, including epigenetic changes, which can be characterized as environmental pathomorphosis, which leads to impaired spermatogenesis and increased risk of malignancy. Summarizing the literature review data, we can state that patients with blocked spermatogenesis, in which atypical germ cell neoplasia in situ cells are detected in testicular tissue, constitute a group at increased risk of testicular carcinogenesis. The presence of additional etiological factors, such as chronic low doses of ionizing radiation, can initiate the progression of carcinogenesis in the testicle.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BREAST CANCER IN UKRAINE WITH CONSIDERATION OF THE FACTORS OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT. / EPIDEMIOLOGIIa RAKU MOLOChNOÏ ZALOZY V UKRAÏNI Z URAKhUVANNIaM FAKTORIV RYZYKU ChORNOBYL'S'KOÏ AVARIÏ.

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of the possible impact of the Chornobyl accident on the incidence of breast cancer in the female population of Ukraine as a whole and in some affected groups. OBJECT OF THE STUDY: The female population of Ukraine as a whole and in separate groups of victims - women par- ticipating in the clean-up works in 1986-1987, evacuaees from the exclusion zone and inhabitants of the territo- ries most contaminated with radionuclides. METHODS: Statistical, mathematical, cartographic. RESULTS: This study, covering a significant period of time (1976-2016), revealed a steady temporal and territorial agglomeration of regions with a higher incidence of breast cancer in the southern and south-eastern regions of Ukraine. Lower - in the western and northern regions. There is a steady increase in the incidence rate, but in recent years this growth has slowed down. The epidemiological situation regarding the incidence of breast cancer in the female population of Ukraine during the 30 years after the Chornobyl accident is generally stable. At the same time, a marked increase in the frequency of this pathology in the groups of the affected population, especially in women, participated in clean-up works in 1986-1987. CONCLUSIONS: A stable agglomeration of regions with high levels of incidence in the south and south-east, and low in the west and north of the country is determined. The dynamics of breast cancer in Ukraine as a whole is characterized by steady growth, although in recent years its pace has slightly decreased. Among the individual population groups affected by the Chornobyl catastrophe (female liquidators, evacuated women from the exclusion zone, residents of the most contaminated with radionuclides territories) only among female liquidators of 1986-1987 the significant in- crease was observed in the incidence of breast cancer, which exceeds the national indicators at 1.3-1.6 times.

The Ukrainian-American study of leukemia and related disorders among Chornobyl cleanup workers from Ukraine: I. Study methods.

There are relatively few data on the risk of leukemia among those exposed to external radiation during cleanup operations after the Chornobyl nuclear accident, and results have not been consistent. To investigate this further, we assembled a cohort of 110,645 male cleanup workers from Ukraine and identified cases of leukemia occurring during the period 1986 to 2000. Detailed interviews were conducted and individual bone marrow doses estimated using a new time-and-motion method known as RADRUE described in companion paper II. For the initial analyses we used a nested case-control approach with a minimum of five controls per case, matched for year of birth, oblast (region) of registration, and residence. All identified cases were reviewed by an international panel of experts; 87 of 111 were confirmed. The dose-response analysis and results are given in companion paper III. As background, we describe herein the design, procedures, outcome of case finding and confirmation, control selection, dose estimation and interviewing of subjects.

[The bed resources planning in the reanimation and intensive care clinic departments].

The medical technological, administrative and statistic information received from data base of annual medical statistical reports, operating statements of corresponding department heads, results of expertise of 5 municipal curative preventive institutions are considered. The analyzed data relates to medical care provided to the patients suffering with diseases of cardiovascular organs and neurological, traumatological, neuro-surgical and surgical pathology. The algorithm and design matrix are developed for planning the amount of beds in the reanimation and intensive care clinic departments up to 2015.