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1.
Euro Surveill ; 29(13)2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38551097

RESUMO

In 2023, dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) affected most French overseas territories. In the French Caribbean Islands, viral circulation continues with > 30,000 suspected infections by March 2024. Genome sequence analysis reveals that the epidemic lineage in the French Caribbean islands has also become established in French Guiana but not Réunion. It has moreover seeded autochthonous circulation events in mainland France. To guide prevention of further inter-territorial spread and DENV introduction in non-endemic settings, continued molecular surveillance and mosquito control are essential.


Assuntos
Epidemias , Humanos , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Molecular , Índias Ocidentais/epidemiologia , França/epidemiologia
2.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 28(2): 445-448, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35076005

RESUMO

We report a case of vertical transmission of Tonate virus in a pregnant woman from French Guiana. The fetus showed severe necrotic and hemorrhagic lesions of the brain and spinal cord. Clinicians should be made aware of possible adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women infected with Tonate virus.


Assuntos
Alphavirus , Encéfalo , Feminino , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Humanos , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Gravidez
3.
Med Vet Entomol ; 36(4): 486-495, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35762523

RESUMO

The urban mosquito species Aedes aegypti is the main vector of arboviruses worldwide. Mosquito control with insecticides is the most prevalent method for preventing transmission in the absence of effective vaccines and available treatments; however, the extensive use of insecticides has led to the development of resistance in mosquito populations throughout the world, and the number of epidemics caused by arboviruses has increased. Three mosquito lines with different resistance profiles to deltamethrin were isolated in French Guiana, including one with the I1016 knock-down resistant allele. Significant differences were observed in the cumulative proportion of mosquitoes with a disseminated chikungunya virus infection over time across these lines. In addition, some genes related to resistance (CYP6BB2, CYP6N12, GST2, trypsin) were variably overexpressed in the midgut at 7 days after an infectious bloodmeal in these three lines. Our work shows that vector competence for chikungunya virus varied between Ae. aegypti laboratory lines with different deltamethrin resistance profiles. More accurate verification of the functional association between insecticide resistance and vector competence remains to be demonstrated.


Assuntos
Aedes , Arbovírus , Vírus Chikungunya , Inseticidas , Animais , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Mosquitos Vetores , Resistência a Inseticidas/genética
4.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 27(2): 490-498, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33496246

RESUMO

Whether prolonged maternal viremia after Zika virus infection represents a risk factor for maternal-fetal transmission and subsequent adverse outcomes remains unclear. In this prospective cohort study in French Guiana, we enrolled Zika virus-infected pregnant women with a positive PCR result at inclusion and noninfected pregnant women; both groups underwent serologic testing in each trimester and at delivery during January-July 2016. Prolonged viremia was defined as ongoing virus detection >30 days postinfection. Adverse outcomes (fetal loss or neurologic anomalies) were more common in fetuses and neonates from mothers with prolonged viremia (40.0%) compared with those from infected mothers without prolonged viremia (5.3%, adjusted relative risk [aRR] 7.2 [95% CI 0.9-57.6]) or those from noninfected mothers (6.6%, aRR 6.7 [95% CI 3.0-15.1]). Congenital infections were confirmed more often in fetuses and neonates from mothers with prolonged viremia compared with the other 2 groups (60.0% vs. 26.3% vs. 0.0%, aRR 2.3 [95% CI 0.9-5.5]).


Assuntos
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Feminino , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Viremia/diagnóstico , Viremia/epidemiologia , Zika virus/genética , Infecção por Zika virus/complicações , Infecção por Zika virus/diagnóstico , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia
5.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 27(10): 2673-2676, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34289335

RESUMO

An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused by the Gamma variant of concern infected 24/44 (55%) employees of a gold mine in French Guiana (87% symptomatic, no severe forms). The attack rate was 60% (15/25) among fully vaccinated miners and 75% (3/4) among unvaccinated miners without a history of infection.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Ouro , Humanos
6.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 27(10): 2711-2714, 2021 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34545800

RESUMO

Oropouche fever is a zoonotic dengue-like syndrome caused by Oropouche virus. In August-September 2020, dengue-like syndrome developed in 41 patients in a remote rainforest village in French Guiana. By PCR or microneutralization, 23 (82.1%) of 28 tested patients were positive for Oropouche virus, documenting its emergence in French Guiana.


Assuntos
Infecções por Bunyaviridae , Orthobunyavirus , Infecções por Bunyaviridae/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Humanos , Orthobunyavirus/genética
7.
N Engl J Med ; 378(11): 985-994, 2018 03 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29539287

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The risk of congenital neurologic defects related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has ranged from 6 to 42% in various reports. The aim of this study was to estimate this risk among pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection in French territories in the Americas. METHODS: From March 2016 through November 2016, we enrolled in this prospective cohort study pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection that was confirmed by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay. The analysis included all data collected up to April 27, 2017, the date of the last delivery in the cohort. RESULTS: Among the 555 fetuses and infants in the 546 pregnancies included in the analysis, 28 (5.0%) were not carried to term or were stillborn, and 527 were born alive. Neurologic and ocular defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were seen in 39 fetuses and infants (7.0%; 95% confidence interval, 5.0 to 9.5); of these, 10 were not carried to term because of termination of pregnancy for medical reasons, 1 was stillborn, and 28 were live-born. Microcephaly (defined as head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean for sex and gestational age) was detected in 32 fetuses and infants (5.8%), of whom 9 (1.6%) had severe microcephaly (more than 3 SD below the mean). Neurologic and ocular defects were more common when ZIKV infection occurred during the first trimester (24 of 189 fetuses and infants [12.7%]) than when it occurred during the second trimester (9 of 252 [3.6%]) or third trimester (6 of 114 [5.3%]) (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among pregnant women with symptomatic, PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection, birth defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were present in 7% of fetuses and infants. Defects occurred more frequently in fetuses and infants whose mothers had been infected early in pregnancy. Longer-term follow-up of infants is required to assess any manifestations not detected at birth. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02916732 .).


Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Microcefalia/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Líquido Amniótico/virologia , Transtornos Cromossômicos/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/epidemiologia , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Guadalupe/epidemiologia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Martinica/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Trimestres da Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Zika virus/isolamento & purificação , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia
8.
J Infect Dis ; 220(12): 1915-1925, 2019 11 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31418012

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Since the identification of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil in May 2015, the virus has spread throughout the Americas. However, ZIKV burden in the general population in affected countries remains unknown. METHODS: We conducted a general population survey in the different communities of French Guiana through individual interviews and serologic survey during June-October 2017. All serum samples were tested for anti-ZIKV immunoglobulin G antibodies using a recombinant antigen-based SGERPAxMap microsphere immunoassay, and some of them were further evaluated through anti-ZIKV microneutralization tests. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence was estimated at 23.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.9%-25.9%) among 2697 participants, varying from 0% to 45.6% according to municipalities. ZIKV circulated in a large majority of French Guiana but not in the most isolated forest areas. The proportion of reported symptomatic Zika infection was estimated at 25.5% (95% CI, 20.3%-31.4%) in individuals who tested positive for ZIKV. CONCLUSIONS: This study described a large-scale representative ZIKV seroprevalence study in South America from the recent 2015-2016 Zika epidemic. Our findings reveal that the majority of the population remains susceptible to ZIKV, which could potentially allow future reintroductions of the virus.


Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/virologia , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/virologia , Zika virus , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/imunologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Geografia Médica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Testes Sorológicos , Adulto Jovem , Zika virus/imunologia , Infecção por Zika virus/diagnóstico , Infecção por Zika virus/imunologia
9.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 25(6): 1153-1160, 2019 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31107211

RESUMO

Reliable serologic tests are needed for diagnosis and surveillance of Zika virus infection. We evaluated the Euroimmun and Dia.Pro serologic tests for detection of Zika virus IgM and IgG by using a panel of 199 samples from a region endemic for flaviviruses. Kinetics of Zika virus antibodies were monitored from 300 sequential specimens sampled over a period of 10 months after infection. We observed suboptimal performance; sensitivity for Zika virus IgM was low, especially in the Euroimmun assay (49%), whereas IgM could be detected for months with the Dia.pro assay. The specificity of the Zika virus IgG assays was also low, especially that of Dia.Pro (62%); findings were strongly influenced by the epidemiologic context. These results highlight the complexity of serologic diagnosis of Zika virus infection in regions endemic for flaviviruses. Accurate analysis of the performance of assays is required to adapt and interpret algorithms.


Assuntos
Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Testes Sorológicos , Infecção por Zika virus/diagnóstico , Infecção por Zika virus/virologia , Zika virus/classificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Reações Cruzadas , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico/normas , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Testes Sorológicos/métodos , Testes Sorológicos/normas , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto Jovem , Zika virus/imunologia , Infecção por Zika virus/imunologia
11.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 24(9): 1734-1736, 2018 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30124408

RESUMO

We report viral RNA loads and antibody responses in 6 severe human cases of Maripa virus infection (2 favorable outcomes) and monitored both measures during the 6-week course of disease in 1 nonfatal case. Further research is needed to determine prevalence of this virus and its effect on other hantaviruses.


Assuntos
Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Orthohantavírus/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Idoso , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Guiana Francesa , Orthohantavírus/imunologia , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/mortalidade , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/virologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Viral/sangue , Carga Viral
12.
Euro Surveill ; 23(36)2018 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30205871

RESUMO

French Guiana (FG) is a French overseas region bordering Brazil and Suriname that is considered endemic for yellow fever (YF); vaccination is compulsory for residents and travellers. In August 2017 and 2018, two sporadic YF cases were notified 1 year apart, confirming that sylvatic YF virus circulation is active in the region. YF vaccination coverage should be closely monitored and improved in FG and neighbouring territories and clinicians should be aware of the risk.


Assuntos
Febre Amarela/diagnóstico , Vírus da Febre Amarela/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Viagem , Cobertura Vacinal , Febre Amarela/epidemiologia , Vírus da Febre Amarela/genética
13.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 23(11)2017 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28930015

RESUMO

We collected venous and capillary serum samples from 21 Zika virus‒infected patients on multiple days after symptom onset and found RNA load was higher and median duration of virus detection significantly longer in capillary than in venous blood. These findings raise questions about the role of the capillary compartment in virus transmission dynamics.


Assuntos
Capilares/virologia , Veias/virologia , Carga Viral , Infecção por Zika virus/virologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Viral/sangue , Zika virus , Infecção por Zika virus/sangue
15.
Retrovirology ; 14(1): 1, 2017 Jan 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28086923

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Due to the prevalence of HIV-1 group M and the endemicity of HIV-1 group O infections in Cameroon, patients may be infected with both viruses and/or with HIV-1/MO recombinant forms. Such atypical infections may be deleterious in terms of diagnosis and therapeutic management due to the high divergence of HIV-1/O. The aim of this study was to identify prospectively such atypical infections in Cameroon. RESULTS: Based on serological screening by env-V3 serotyping and a molecular strategy using group-specific (RT)-PCRs, we identified 10 Cameroonian patients harboring three different profiles of infection: (1) 4 HIV-1/M + O dual infections without evidence of recombinant; (2) 5 recombinants associated with one or both parental strains; and (3) 1 new recombinant form without parental strains. CONCLUSIONS: This work highlights the dynamic co-evolution of these two HIV groups in Cameroon that could lead to the emergence of a circulating recombinant form MO, and the need for accurate identification of such atypical infections for precise diagnosis, virological monitoring and therapeutic management with adapted tools.


Assuntos
Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/virologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/classificação , HIV-1/genética , Camarões/epidemiologia , Genótipo , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Estudos Prospectivos , Recombinação Genética , Sorogrupo
16.
Intervirology ; 60(6): 271-275, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29898445

RESUMO

In 2017, numerous cases of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) were reported in the Caribbean and in South America. Preliminary reports identified adenoviruses and enteroviruses in some patient samples but, until now, none of the etiologic agents have been fully characterized. We report the full-length genomic sequences of 4 coxsackievirus A24 (CV-A24) isolates collected from AHC patients in French Guiana during this outbreak (May and June 2017). These isolates are very closely related and belong to the genotype IV of CV-A24 variant, which consists of strains sampled worldwide during AHC outbreaks in the 2000s and 2010s. No recombination events were detected within the genomic sequences, indicating that members of this genotype have continuously circulated worldwide for more than 10 years without undergoing recombination with other enteroviruses. This unusual trait could be due to their ocular tropism that could impede genetic exchanges between these viruses and other enteroviruses, which replicate mainly in the gut.

17.
Euro Surveill ; 22(44)2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29113627

RESUMO

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with complications during pregnancy. Although the presence of symptoms might be a risk factor for complication, the proportion of ZIKV-infected pregnant women with symptoms remains unknown. Following the emergence of ZIKV in French Guiana, all pregnancies in the territory were monitored by RT-PCR and/or detection of ZIKV antibodies. Follow-up data collected during pregnancy monitoring interviews were analysed from 1 February to 1 June 2016. We enrolled 3,050 pregnant women aged 14-48 years and 573 (19%) had laboratory-confirmed ZIKV infection. Rash, arthralgia, myalgia and conjunctival hyperaemia were more frequently observed in ZIKV-positive women; 23% of them (95% confidence interval (CI): 20-27) had at least one symptom compatible with ZIKV infection. Women 30 years and older were significantly more likely to have symptoms than younger women (28% vs 20%). The proportion of symptomatic infections varied from 17% in the remote interior to 35% in the urbanised population near the coast (adjusted risk ratio: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.4-1.9.). These estimates put findings on cohorts of symptomatic ZIKV-positive pregnant women into the wider context of an epidemic with mainly asymptomatic infections. The proportion of symptomatic ZIKV infections appears to vary substantially between populations.


Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Vigilância da População , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Infecção por Zika virus/diagnóstico , Zika virus/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Guiana Francesa/epidemiologia , Humanos , Microcefalia/complicações , Microcefalia/virologia , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/sangue , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/genética , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Zika virus/genética , Zika virus/imunologia , Infecção por Zika virus/sangue , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/imunologia
18.
Euro Surveill ; 21(28)2016 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27447300

RESUMO

Following of the emergence of Zika virus in Brazil in 2015, an epidemiological surveillance system was quickly implemented in the French overseas Territories of America (FTA) according to previous experience with dengue and chikungunya and has detected first cases of Zika. General practitioners and medical microbiologists were invited to report all clinically suspected cases of Zika, laboratory investigations were systematically conducted (RT-PCR). On 18 December, the first autochthonous case of Zika virus infection was confirmed by RT-PCR on French Guiana and Martinique, indicating introduction of Zika virus in FTA. The viral circulation of Zika virus was then also confirmed on Guadeloupe and Saint-Martin. We report here early findings on 203 confirmed cases of Zika virus infection identified by RT-PCR or seroneutralisation on Martinique Island between 24 November 2015 and 20 January 2016. All cases were investigated. Common clinical signs were observed (maculopapular rash, arthralgia, fever, myalgia and conjunctival hyperaemia) among these patients, but the rash, the foundation of our case definition, may be absent in a significant proportion of patients (16%). These results are important for the implementation of a suspected case definition, the main tool for epidemiological surveillance, in territories that may be affected by ZIKV emergence, including Europe.


Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Vigilância da População , Infecção por Zika virus/diagnóstico , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Zika virus/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Martinica/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/genética , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Zika virus/genética , Infecção por Zika virus/transmissão
20.
BMC Infect Dis ; 15: 267, 2015 Jul 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26164361

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B is a major health concern in Africa. The vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) of Cameroon and Senegal in 2005, and of CAR (Central African Republic) in 2008. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess HBV immunization coverage following the vaccine's introduction into the EPI and factors associated with having been vaccinated. METHODS: All hospitalized children, regardless of the reasons for their hospitalization, between 3 months and 6 years of age, for whom a blood test was scheduled during their stay and whose condition allowed for an additional 2 mL blood sample to be taken, and who provided the parent's written consent were included. All children anti-HBs- and anti-HBc + were tested for HBsAg. Vaccination coverage was assessed in three different ways: immunization card, maternal recall and serologic anti-HBs profile. RESULTS: 1783 children were enrolled between April 2009 and May 2010. An immunization card was only available for 24 % of the children. The median age was 21 months. Overall HBV immunization coverage based on immunization cards was 99 %, 49 % and 100 % in Cameroon, CAR and Senegal, respectively (p < 0,001). The immunization rate based on maternal recall was 91 %, 17 % and 88 % in Cameroon, CAR and Senegal, respectively (p < 0,001). According to serology (anti-HBs titer ≥ 10 mUI/mL and anti-HBc-), the coverage rate was 68 %, 13 % and 46 % in Cameroon, CAR and Senegal, respectively (p < 0,001). In Senegal and Cameroon, factors associated with having been vaccinated were: mother's higher education (OR = 2.2; 95 % CI [1.5-3.2]), no malnutrition (OR = 1.6; 95 % CI [1.1-2.2]), access to flushing toilets (OR = 1.6; 95 % CI [1.1-2.3]), and < 24 months old (OR = 2.1; 95 % CI [1.3-3.4] between 12 and 23 months and OR = 2.7; 95 % CI [1.6-4.4] < 12 months). The prevalence of HBV-infected children (HBsAg+) were 0.7 %, 5.1 %, and 0.2 % in Cameroon, CAR and Senegal, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Assessing immunization coverage based on immunization cards, maternal recall or administrative data could be usefully reinforced by epidemiological data combined with immunological profiles. Serology-based studies should be implemented regularly in African countries, as recommended by the WHO. Malnutrition, lack of maternal education and poverty are factors associated with vaccine non-compliance. The countries' vaccination programs should actively address these problems.


Assuntos
Criança Hospitalizada , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/uso terapêutico , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Adulto , África/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hepatite B/prevenção & controle , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Humanos , Programas de Imunização , Lactente , Masculino , Mães , Prevalência , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos
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